client: headless mode and kmssink guard

.gitignore

@@ -9,3 +9,4 @@ override.toml
 **/*~
 *.swp
 *.swo
+*.md

client/Cargo.toml

@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ serde                   = { version = "1.0", features = ["derive"] }
 serde_json              = "1.0"
 async-stream            = "0.3"
 shell-escape            = "0.1"
+v4l                     = "0.14"
 
 [build-dependencies]
 prost-build             = "0.13"

client/src/app.rs

@@ -1,35 +1,38 @@
 #![forbid(unsafe_code)]
 
 use anyhow::Result;
-use std::time::Duration;
 use std::sync::Arc;
 use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicUsize, Ordering};
+use std::time::Duration;
 use tokio::sync::broadcast;
-use tokio_stream::{wrappers::BroadcastStream, StreamExt};
+use tokio_stream::{StreamExt, wrappers::BroadcastStream};
-use tonic::{transport::Channel, Request};
+use tonic::{Request, transport::Channel};
-use tracing::{error, trace, debug, info, warn};
+use tracing::{debug, error, info, trace, warn};
 use winit::{
     event::Event,
-    event_loop::{EventLoopBuilder, ControlFlow},
+    event_loop::{ControlFlow, EventLoopBuilder},
     platform::wayland::EventLoopBuilderExtWayland,
 };
 
 use lesavka_common::lesavka::{
-    relay_client::RelayClient, KeyboardReport, 
+    AudioPacket, KeyboardReport, MonitorRequest, MouseReport, VideoPacket,
-    MonitorRequest, MouseReport, VideoPacket, AudioPacket
+    relay_client::RelayClient,
 };
 
-use crate::{handshake,
+use crate::{
+    handshake,
+    input::camera::{CameraCapture, CameraCodec, CameraConfig},
     input::inputs::InputAggregator,
     input::microphone::MicrophoneCapture,
-            input::camera::CameraCapture,
+    output::audio::AudioOut,
     output::video::MonitorWindow,
-            output::audio::AudioOut};
+};
 
 pub struct LesavkaClientApp {
     aggregator: Option<InputAggregator>,
     server_addr: String,
     dev_mode: bool,
+    headless: bool,
     kbd_tx: broadcast::Sender<KeyboardReport>,
     mou_tx: broadcast::Sender<MouseReport>,
 }
@@ -37,6 +40,7 @@ pub struct LesavkaClientApp {
 impl LesavkaClientApp {
     pub fn new() -> Result<Self> {
         let dev_mode = std::env::var("LESAVKA_DEV_MODE").is_ok();
+        let headless = std::env::var("LESAVKA_HEADLESS").is_ok();
         let server_addr = std::env::args()
             .nth(1)
             .or_else(|| std::env::var("LESAVKA_SERVER_ADDR").ok())
@@ -45,16 +49,48 @@ impl LesavkaClientApp {
         let (kbd_tx, _) = broadcast::channel(1024);
         let (mou_tx, _) = broadcast::channel(4096);
 
-        let mut agg = InputAggregator::new(dev_mode, kbd_tx.clone(), mou_tx.clone());
+        let agg = if headless {
-        agg.init()?;           // grab devices immediately
+            None
+        } else {
+            Some(InputAggregator::new(dev_mode, kbd_tx.clone(), mou_tx.clone()))
+        };
 
-        Ok(Self { aggregator: Some(agg), server_addr, dev_mode, kbd_tx, mou_tx })
+        Ok(Self {
+            aggregator: agg,
+            server_addr,
+            dev_mode,
+            headless,
+            kbd_tx,
+            mou_tx,
+        })
     }
 
     pub async fn run(&mut self) -> Result<()> {
         /*────────── handshake / feature-negotiation ───────────────*/
+        info!(server = %self.server_addr, "🚦 starting handshake");
         let caps = handshake::negotiate(&self.server_addr).await;
         tracing::info!("🤝 server capabilities = {:?}", caps);
+        let camera_cfg = match (
+            caps.camera_codec.as_deref(),
+            caps.camera_width,
+            caps.camera_height,
+            caps.camera_fps,
+        ) {
+            (Some(codec), Some(width), Some(height), Some(fps)) => {
+                let codec = match codec.to_ascii_lowercase().as_str() {
+                    "mjpeg" | "mjpg" | "jpeg" => CameraCodec::Mjpeg,
+                    "h264" => CameraCodec::H264,
+                    _ => CameraCodec::H264,
+                };
+                Some(CameraConfig {
+                    codec,
+                    width,
+                    height,
+                    fps,
+                })
+            }
+            _ => None,
+        };
 
         /*────────── persistent gRPC channels ──────────*/
         let hid_ep = Channel::from_shared(self.server_addr.clone())?
@@ -69,16 +105,25 @@ impl LesavkaClientApp {
             .tcp_nodelay(true)
             .connect_lazy();
 
-        /*────────── input aggregator task ─────────────*/
+        let mut agg_task = None;
-        let aggregator = self.aggregator.take().expect("InputAggregator present");
+        let mut kbd_loop = None;
-        let agg_task   = tokio::spawn(async move {
+        let mut mou_loop = None;
+        if !self.headless {
+            /*────────── input aggregator task (grab after handshake) ─────────────*/
+            let mut aggregator = self.aggregator.take().expect("InputAggregator present");
+            info!("⌛ grabbing input devices…");
+            aggregator.init()?; // grab devices now that handshake succeeded
+            agg_task = Some(tokio::spawn(async move {
                 let mut a = aggregator;
                 a.run().await
-        });
+            }));
 
             /*────────── HID streams (never return) ────────*/
-        let kbd_loop = self.stream_loop_keyboard(hid_ep.clone());
+            kbd_loop = Some(self.stream_loop_keyboard(hid_ep.clone()));
-        let mou_loop = self.stream_loop_mouse(hid_ep.clone());
+            mou_loop = Some(self.stream_loop_mouse(hid_ep.clone()));
+        } else {
+            info!("🧪 headless mode: skipping HID input capture");
+        }
 
         /*───────── optional 300 s auto-exit in dev mode */
         let suicide = async {
@@ -91,24 +136,33 @@ impl LesavkaClientApp {
             }
         };
 
+        if !self.headless {
             /*────────── video rendering thread (winit) ────*/
             let (video_tx, mut video_rx) = tokio::sync::mpsc::unbounded_channel::<VideoPacket>();
 
             std::thread::spawn(move || {
                 gtk::init().expect("GTK initialisation failed");
-            let el   = EventLoopBuilder::<()>::new().with_any_thread(true).build().unwrap();
+                let el = EventLoopBuilder::<()>::new()
+                    .with_any_thread(true)
+                    .build()
+                    .unwrap();
                 let win0 = MonitorWindow::new(0).expect("win0");
                 let win1 = MonitorWindow::new(1).expect("win1");
 
                 let _ = el.run(move |_: Event<()>, _elwt| {
                     _elwt.set_control_flow(ControlFlow::WaitUntil(
-                    std::time::Instant::now() + std::time::Duration::from_millis(16)));
+                        std::time::Instant::now() + std::time::Duration::from_millis(16),
+                    ));
                     static CNT: std::sync::atomic::AtomicU64 = std::sync::atomic::AtomicU64::new(0);
-                static DUMP_CNT: std::sync::atomic::AtomicU32 = std::sync::atomic::AtomicU32::new(0);
+                    static DUMP_CNT: std::sync::atomic::AtomicU32 =
+                        std::sync::atomic::AtomicU32::new(0);
                     while let Ok(pkt) = video_rx.try_recv() {
                         CNT.fetch_add(1, std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Relaxed);
                         if CNT.load(std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Relaxed) % 300 == 0 {
-                        debug!("🎥 received {} video packets", CNT.load(std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Relaxed));
+                            debug!(
+                                "🎥 received {} video packets",
+                                CNT.load(std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Relaxed)
+                            );
                         }
                         let n = DUMP_CNT.fetch_add(1, std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Relaxed);
                         if n % 120 == 0 {
@@ -134,19 +188,40 @@ impl LesavkaClientApp {
             let ep_audio = vid_ep.clone();
 
             tokio::spawn(Self::audio_loop(ep_audio, audio_out));
+        } else {
+            info!("🧪 headless mode: skipping video/audio renderers");
+        }
         /*────────── camera & mic tasks (gated by caps) ───────────*/
         if caps.camera && std::env::var("LESAVKA_CAM_DISABLE").is_err() {
+            if let Some(cfg) = camera_cfg {
+                info!(
+                    codec = ?cfg.codec,
+                    width = cfg.width,
+                    height = cfg.height,
+                    fps = cfg.fps,
+                    "📸 using camera settings from server"
+                );
+            }
             let cam = Arc::new(CameraCapture::new(
-                std::env::var("LESAVKA_CAM_SOURCE").ok().as_deref()
+                std::env::var("LESAVKA_CAM_SOURCE").ok().as_deref(),
+                camera_cfg,
             )?);
             tokio::spawn(Self::cam_loop(vid_ep.clone(), cam));
         }
-        if caps.microphone {
+        if caps.microphone && std::env::var("LESAVKA_MIC_DISABLE").is_err() {
             let mic = Arc::new(MicrophoneCapture::new()?);
             tokio::spawn(Self::voice_loop(vid_ep.clone(), mic)); // renamed
         }
 
         /*────────── central reactor ───────────────────*/
+        if self.headless {
+            tokio::select! {
+                _ = suicide => { /* handled above */ },
+            }
+        } else {
+            let kbd_loop = kbd_loop.expect("kbd_loop");
+            let mou_loop = mou_loop.expect("mou_loop");
+            let agg_task = agg_task.expect("agg_task");
             tokio::select! {
                 _ = kbd_loop  => { warn!("⚠️⌨️ keyboard stream finished"); },
                 _ = mou_loop  => { warn!("⚠️🖱️ mouse stream finished"); },
@@ -160,6 +235,7 @@ impl LesavkaClientApp {
                     std::process::exit(1);
                 }
             }
+        }
 
         // The branches above either loop forever or exit the process; this
         // point is unreachable but satisfies the type checker.
@@ -173,13 +249,15 @@ impl LesavkaClientApp {
             info!("⌨️🤙 Keyboard dial {}", self.server_addr);
             let mut cli = RelayClient::new(ep.clone());
 
-            let outbound = BroadcastStream::new(self.kbd_tx.subscribe())
+            let outbound = BroadcastStream::new(self.kbd_tx.subscribe()).filter_map(|r| r.ok());
-                .filter_map(|r| r.ok());
 
             match cli.stream_keyboard(Request::new(outbound)).await {
                 Ok(mut resp) => {
                     while let Some(msg) = resp.get_mut().message().await.transpose() {
-                        if let Err(e) = msg { warn!("⌨️ server err: {e}"); break; }
+                        if let Err(e) = msg {
+                            warn!("⌨️ server err: {e}");
+                            break;
+                        }
                     }
                 }
                 Err(e) => warn!("❌⌨️ connect failed: {e}"),
@@ -194,13 +272,15 @@ impl LesavkaClientApp {
             info!("🖱️🤙 Mouse dial {}", self.server_addr);
             let mut cli = RelayClient::new(ep.clone());
 
-            let outbound = BroadcastStream::new(self.mou_tx.subscribe())
+            let outbound = BroadcastStream::new(self.mou_tx.subscribe()).filter_map(|r| r.ok());
-                .filter_map(|r| r.ok());
 
             match cli.stream_mouse(Request::new(outbound)).await {
                 Ok(mut resp) => {
                     while let Some(msg) = resp.get_mut().message().await.transpose() {
-                        if let Err(e) = msg { warn!("🖱️ server err: {e}"); break; }
+                        if let Err(e) = msg {
+                            warn!("🖱️ server err: {e}");
+                            break;
+                        }
                     }
                 }
                 Err(e) => warn!("❌🖱️ connect failed: {e}"),
@@ -210,24 +290,27 @@ impl LesavkaClientApp {
     }
 
     /*──────────────── monitor stream ────────────────*/
-    async fn video_loop(
+    async fn video_loop(ep: Channel, tx: tokio::sync::mpsc::UnboundedSender<VideoPacket>) {
-        ep: Channel,
-        tx: tokio::sync::mpsc::UnboundedSender<VideoPacket>,
-    ) {
         for monitor_id in 0..=1 {
             let ep = ep.clone();
             let tx = tx.clone();
             tokio::spawn(async move {
                 loop {
                     let mut cli = RelayClient::new(ep.clone());
-                    let req = MonitorRequest { id: monitor_id, max_bitrate: 6_000 };
+                    let req = MonitorRequest {
+                        id: monitor_id,
+                        max_bitrate: 6_000,
+                    };
                     match cli.capture_video(Request::new(req)).await {
                         Ok(mut stream) => {
                             debug!("🎥🏁 cli video{monitor_id}: stream opened");
                             while let Some(res) = stream.get_mut().message().await.transpose() {
                                 match res {
                                     Ok(pkt) => {
-                                        trace!("🎥📥 cli video{monitor_id}: got {} bytes", pkt.data.len());
+                                        trace!(
+                                            "🎥📥 cli video{monitor_id}: got {} bytes",
+                                            pkt.data.len()
+                                        );
                                         if tx.send(pkt).is_err() {
                                             warn!("⚠️🎥 cli video{monitor_id}: GUI thread gone");
                                             break;
@@ -253,11 +336,16 @@ impl LesavkaClientApp {
     async fn audio_loop(ep: Channel, out: AudioOut) {
         loop {
             let mut cli = RelayClient::new(ep.clone());
-            let req = MonitorRequest { id: 0, max_bitrate: 0 };
+            let req = MonitorRequest {
+                id: 0,
+                max_bitrate: 0,
+            };
             match cli.capture_audio(Request::new(req)).await {
                 Ok(mut stream) => {
                     while let Some(res) = stream.get_mut().message().await.transpose() {
-                        if let Ok(pkt) = res { out.push(pkt); }
+                        if let Ok(pkt) = res {
+                            out.push(pkt);
+                        }
                     }
                 }
                 Err(e) => tracing::warn!("❌🔊 audio stream err: {e}"),
@@ -291,9 +379,7 @@ impl LesavkaClientApp {
             // 3. turn `rx` into an async stream for gRPC
             let outbound = tokio_stream::wrappers::ReceiverStream::new(rx);
             match cli.stream_microphone(Request::new(outbound)).await {
-                    Ok(mut resp) => {
+                Ok(mut resp) => while resp.get_mut().message().await.transpose().is_some() {},
-                        while resp.get_mut().message().await.transpose().is_some() {}
-                    }
                 Err(e) => {
                     // first failure → warn, subsequent ones → debug
                     if FAIL_CNT.fetch_add(1, Ordering::Relaxed) == 0 {
@@ -328,8 +414,7 @@ impl LesavkaClientApp {
                         if n < 10 || n % 120 == 0 {
                             tracing::trace!("📸 cli  frame#{n}  {} B", pkt.data.len());
                         }
-                        tracing::trace!("📸⬆️ sent webcam AU pts={} {} B",
+                        tracing::trace!("📸⬆️ sent webcam AU pts={} {} B", pkt.pts, pkt.data.len());
-                                        pkt.pts, pkt.data.len());
                         let _ = tx.try_send(pkt);
                     }
                 }

client/src/handshake.rs

@@ -2,28 +2,86 @@
 #![forbid(unsafe_code)]
 
 use lesavka_common::lesavka::{self as pb, handshake_client::HandshakeClient};
-use tonic::Code;
+use std::time::Duration;
+use tokio::time::timeout;
+use tonic::{Code, transport::Endpoint};
+use tracing::{info, warn};
 
-#[derive(Default, Clone, Copy, Debug)]
+#[derive(Default, Clone, Debug)]
 pub struct PeerCaps {
     pub camera: bool,
     pub microphone: bool,
+    pub camera_output: Option<String>,
+    pub camera_codec: Option<String>,
+    pub camera_width: Option<u32>,
+    pub camera_height: Option<u32>,
+    pub camera_fps: Option<u32>,
 }
 
 pub async fn negotiate(uri: &str) -> PeerCaps {
-    let mut cli = HandshakeClient::connect(uri.to_owned())
+    info!(%uri, "🤝 dial handshake");
-        .await
-        .expect("\"dial handshake\"");
 
-    match cli.get_capabilities(pb::Empty {}).await {
+    let ep = Endpoint::from_shared(uri.to_owned())
-        Ok(rsp) => PeerCaps {
+        .expect("handshake endpoint")
-            camera:     rsp.get_ref().camera,
+        .tcp_nodelay(true)
-            microphone: rsp.get_ref().microphone,
+        .http2_keep_alive_interval(Duration::from_secs(15))
+        .connect_timeout(Duration::from_secs(5));
+
+    let channel = timeout(Duration::from_secs(8), ep.connect())
+        .await
+        .expect("handshake connect timeout")
+        .expect("handshake connect failed");
+
+    info!("🤝 handshake channel connected");
+    let mut cli = HandshakeClient::new(channel);
+    info!("🤝 fetching capabilities…");
+
+    match timeout(Duration::from_secs(5), cli.get_capabilities(pb::Empty {})).await {
+        Ok(Ok(rsp)) => {
+            let rsp = rsp.get_ref();
+            let caps = PeerCaps {
+                camera: rsp.camera,
+                microphone: rsp.microphone,
+                camera_output: if rsp.camera_output.is_empty() {
+                    None
+                } else {
+                    Some(rsp.camera_output.clone())
                 },
-        Err(e) if e.code() == Code::Unimplemented => {
+                camera_codec: if rsp.camera_codec.is_empty() {
-            // ↺  old server – pretend it supports nothing special.
+                    None
+                } else {
+                    Some(rsp.camera_codec.clone())
+                },
+                camera_width: if rsp.camera_width == 0 {
+                    None
+                } else {
+                    Some(rsp.camera_width)
+                },
+                camera_height: if rsp.camera_height == 0 {
+                    None
+                } else {
+                    Some(rsp.camera_height)
+                },
+                camera_fps: if rsp.camera_fps == 0 {
+                    None
+                } else {
+                    Some(rsp.camera_fps)
+                },
+            };
+            info!(?caps, "🤝 handshake ok");
+            caps
+        }
+        Ok(Err(e)) if e.code() == Code::Unimplemented => {
+            warn!("🤝 handshake not implemented on server – assuming defaults");
+            PeerCaps::default()
+        }
+        Ok(Err(e)) => {
+            warn!("🤝 handshake failed: {e} – assuming defaults");
+            PeerCaps::default()
+        }
+        Err(_) => {
+            warn!("🤝 handshake timed out – assuming defaults");
             PeerCaps::default()
         }
-        Err(e) => panic!("\"handshake failed: {e}\""),
     }
 }

client/src/input/camera.rs

@@ -1,48 +1,106 @@
 // client/src/input/camera.rs
 #![forbid(unsafe_code)]
 
-use anyhow::Result;
 use anyhow::Context;
+use gst::prelude::*;
 use gstreamer as gst;
 use gstreamer_app as gst_app;
-use gst::prelude::*;
 use lesavka_common::lesavka::VideoPacket;
 
+fn env_u32(name: &str, default: u32) -> u32 {
+    std::env::var(name)
+        .ok()
+        .and_then(|v| v.parse::<u32>().ok())
+        .unwrap_or(default)
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)]
+pub enum CameraCodec {
+    H264,
+    Mjpeg,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)]
+pub struct CameraConfig {
+    pub codec: CameraCodec,
+    pub width: u32,
+    pub height: u32,
+    pub fps: u32,
+}
+
 pub struct CameraCapture {
+    #[allow(dead_code)] // kept alive to hold PLAYING state
     pipeline: gst::Pipeline,
     sink: gst_app::AppSink,
 }
 
 impl CameraCapture {
-    pub fn new(device_fragment: Option<&str>) -> anyhow::Result<Self> {
+    pub fn new(
+        device_fragment: Option<&str>,
+        cfg: Option<CameraConfig>,
+    ) -> anyhow::Result<Self> {
         gst::init().ok();
 
-        // Pick device
+        // Pick device (prefers V4L2 nodes with capture capability)
-        let dev = device_fragment
+        let dev = match device_fragment {
-            .and_then(Self::find_device)
+            Some(path) if path.starts_with("/dev/") => path.to_string(),
-            .unwrap_or_else(|| "/dev/video0".into());
+            Some(fragment) => Self::find_device(fragment).unwrap_or_else(|| "/dev/video0".into()),
+            None => "/dev/video0".into(),
+        };
 
-        // let (enc, raw_caps) = Self::pick_encoder();
+        let use_mjpg_source = std::env::var("LESAVKA_CAM_MJPG").is_ok()
-        // (NVIDIA → VA-API → software x264).
+            || std::env::var("LESAVKA_CAM_FORMAT")
-        let (enc, kf_prop, kf_val) = Self::choose_encoder();
+                .ok()
+                .map(|v| matches!(v.to_ascii_lowercase().as_str(), "mjpg" | "mjpeg" | "jpeg"))
+                .unwrap_or(false);
+        let output_mjpeg = cfg
+            .map(|cfg| matches!(cfg.codec, CameraCodec::Mjpeg))
+            .unwrap_or_else(|| {
+                std::env::var("LESAVKA_CAM_CODEC")
+                    .ok()
+                    .map(|v| matches!(v.to_ascii_lowercase().as_str(), "mjpeg" | "mjpg" | "jpeg"))
+                    .unwrap_or(false)
+            });
+        let jpeg_quality = env_u32("LESAVKA_CAM_JPEG_QUALITY", 85).clamp(1, 100);
+        let (enc, kf_prop, kf_val) = if use_mjpg_source && !output_mjpeg {
+            ("x264enc", "key-int-max", "30")
+        } else {
+            Self::choose_encoder()
+        };
+        if use_mjpg_source && !output_mjpeg {
+            tracing::info!("📸 using MJPG source with software encode");
+        }
+        if output_mjpeg {
+            tracing::info!(
+                "📸 outputting MJPEG frames for UVC (quality={jpeg_quality})"
+            );
+        } else {
             tracing::info!("📸 using encoder element: {enc}");
+        }
+        let width = cfg.map(|cfg| cfg.width).unwrap_or_else(|| env_u32("LESAVKA_CAM_WIDTH", 1280));
+        let height = cfg.map(|cfg| cfg.height).unwrap_or_else(|| env_u32("LESAVKA_CAM_HEIGHT", 720));
+        let fps = cfg.map(|cfg| cfg.fps).unwrap_or_else(|| env_u32("LESAVKA_CAM_FPS", 25)).max(1);
         let have_nvvidconv = gst::ElementFactory::find("nvvidconv").is_some();
         let (src_caps, preenc) = match enc {
             // ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
             // Jetson (has nvvidconv)      Desktop (falls back to videoconvert)
             // ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
             "nvh264enc" if have_nvvidconv =>
-                ("video/x-raw(memory:NVMM),format=NV12,width=1280,height=720",
+                (format!(
-                "nvvidconv !"),
+                    "video/x-raw(memory:NVMM),format=NV12,width={width},height={height},framerate={fps}/1"
+                ), "nvvidconv !"),
             "nvh264enc" /* else */ =>
-                ("video/x-raw,format=NV12,width=1280,height=720",
+                (format!(
-                "videoconvert !"),
+                    "video/x-raw,format=NV12,width={width},height={height},framerate={fps}/1"
+                ), "videoconvert !"),
             "vaapih264enc" =>
-                ("video/x-raw,format=NV12,width=1280,height=720",
+                (format!(
-                "videoconvert !"),
+                    "video/x-raw,format=NV12,width={width},height={height},framerate={fps}/1"
+                ), "videoconvert !"),
             _ =>
-                ("video/x-raw,width=1280,height=720",
+                (format!(
-                "videoconvert !"),
+                    "video/x-raw,width={width},height={height},framerate={fps}/1"
+                ), "videoconvert !"),
         };
 
         // let desc = format!(
@@ -56,14 +114,43 @@ impl CameraCapture {
         //  * nvh264enc needs NVMM memory caps;
         //  * vaapih264enc wants system-memory caps;
         //  * x264enc needs the usual raw caps.
-        let desc = format!(
+        let desc = if output_mjpeg {
+            if use_mjpg_source {
+                format!(
+                    "v4l2src device={dev} do-timestamp=true ! \
+                     image/jpeg,width={width},height={height},framerate={fps}/1 ! \
+                     queue max-size-buffers=30 leaky=downstream ! \
+                     appsink name=asink emit-signals=true max-buffers=60 drop=true"
+                )
+            } else {
+                format!(
+                    "v4l2src device={dev} do-timestamp=true ! \
+                     video/x-raw,width={width},height={height},framerate={fps}/1 ! \
+                     videoconvert ! jpegenc quality={jpeg_quality} ! \
+                     queue max-size-buffers=30 leaky=downstream ! \
+                     appsink name=asink emit-signals=true max-buffers=60 drop=true"
+                )
+            }
+        } else if use_mjpg_source {
+            format!(
+                "v4l2src device={dev} do-timestamp=true ! \
+                 image/jpeg,width={width},height={height} ! \
+                 jpegdec ! videorate ! video/x-raw,framerate={fps}/1 ! \
+                 videoconvert ! {enc} {kf_prop}={kf_val} ! \
+                 h264parse config-interval=-1 ! video/x-h264,stream-format=byte-stream,alignment=au ! \
+                 queue max-size-buffers=30 leaky=downstream ! \
+                 appsink name=asink emit-signals=true max-buffers=60 drop=true"
+            )
+        } else {
+            format!(
                 "v4l2src device={dev} do-timestamp=true ! {src_caps} ! \
                  {preenc} {enc} {kf_prop}={kf_val} ! \
                  h264parse config-interval=-1 ! video/x-h264,stream-format=byte-stream,alignment=au ! \
                  queue max-size-buffers=30 leaky=downstream ! \
                  appsink name=asink emit-signals=true max-buffers=60 drop=true"
-        );
+            )
-        tracing::info!(%enc, ?desc, "📸 using encoder element");
+        };
+        tracing::info!(%enc, width, height, fps, ?desc, "📸 using encoder element");
 
         let pipeline: gst::Pipeline = gst::parse::launch(&desc)
             .context("gst parse_launch(cam)")?
@@ -88,23 +175,58 @@ impl CameraCapture {
         let buf = sample.buffer()?;
         let map = buf.map_readable().ok()?;
         let pts = buf.pts().unwrap_or(gst::ClockTime::ZERO).nseconds() / 1_000;
-        Some(VideoPacket { id: 2, pts, data: map.as_slice().to_vec() })
+        Some(VideoPacket {
+            id: 2,
+            pts,
+            data: map.as_slice().to_vec(),
+        })
     }
 
-    /// Fuzzy‑match devices under `/dev/v4l/by-id`
+    /// Fuzzy‑match devices under `/dev/v4l/by-id`, preferring capture nodes
     fn find_device(substr: &str) -> Option<String> {
-        let dir = std::fs::read_dir("/dev/v4l/by-id").ok()?;
+        let wanted = substr.to_ascii_lowercase();
-        for e in dir.flatten() {
+        let mut matches: Vec<_> = std::fs::read_dir("/dev/v4l/by-id")
+            .ok()?
+            .flatten()
+            .filter_map(|e| {
                 let p = e.path();
-            if p.file_name()?.to_string_lossy().contains(substr) {
+                let name = p.file_name()?.to_string_lossy().to_ascii_lowercase();
+                if name.contains(&wanted) {
+                    Some(p)
+                } else {
+                    None
+                }
+            })
+            .collect();
+
+        // deterministic order
+        matches.sort();
+
+        for p in matches {
             if let Ok(target) = std::fs::read_link(&p) {
-                    return Some(format!("/dev/{}", target.file_name()?.to_string_lossy()));
+                let dev = format!("/dev/{}", target.file_name()?.to_string_lossy());
+                if Self::is_capture(&dev) {
+                    return Some(dev);
                 }
             }
         }
         None
     }
 
+    fn is_capture(dev: &str) -> bool {
+        const V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_CAPTURE: u32 = 0x0000_0001;
+        const V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_CAPTURE_MPLANE: u32 = 0x0000_1000;
+
+        v4l::Device::with_path(dev)
+            .ok()
+            .and_then(|d| d.query_caps().ok())
+            .map(|caps| {
+                let bits = caps.capabilities.bits();
+                (bits & V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_CAPTURE != 0) || (bits & V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_CAPTURE_MPLANE != 0)
+            })
+            .unwrap_or(false)
+    }
+
     /// Cheap stub used when the web‑cam is disabled
     pub fn new_stub() -> Self {
         let pipeline = gst::Pipeline::new();
@@ -135,12 +257,15 @@ impl CameraCapture {
 
     fn choose_encoder() -> (&'static str, &'static str, &'static str) {
         match () {
-            _ if gst::ElementFactory::find("nvh264enc").is_some() =>
+            _ if gst::ElementFactory::find("nvh264enc").is_some() => {
-                ("nvh264enc",  "gop-size",        "30"),
+                ("nvh264enc", "gop-size", "30")
-            _ if gst::ElementFactory::find("vaapih264enc").is_some() =>
+            }
-                ("vaapih264enc","keyframe-period","30"),
+            _ if gst::ElementFactory::find("vaapih264enc").is_some() => {
-            _ if gst::ElementFactory::find("v4l2h264enc").is_some() =>
+                ("vaapih264enc", "keyframe-period", "30")
-                ("v4l2h264enc","idrcount",        "30"),
+            }
+            _ if gst::ElementFactory::find("v4l2h264enc").is_some() => {
+                ("v4l2h264enc", "idrcount", "30")
+            }
             _ => ("x264enc", "key-int-max", "30"),
         }
     }

client/src/input/inputs.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,12 @@
 // client/src/input/inputs.rs
 
-use anyhow::{bail, Context, Result};
+use anyhow::{Context, Result, bail};
 use evdev::{Device, EventType, KeyCode, RelativeAxisCode};
-use tokio::{sync::broadcast::Sender, time::{interval, Duration}};
+use tokio::{
-use tracing::{debug, info, warn, trace};
+    sync::broadcast::Sender,
+    time::{Duration, interval},
+};
+use tracing::{debug, info, warn};
 
 use lesavka_common::lesavka::{KeyboardReport, MouseReport};
 
@@ -21,19 +24,26 @@ pub struct InputAggregator {
 }
 
 impl InputAggregator {
-    pub fn new(dev_mode: bool,
+    pub fn new(
+        dev_mode: bool,
         kbd_tx: Sender<KeyboardReport>,
-               mou_tx: Sender<MouseReport>) -> Self {
+        mou_tx: Sender<MouseReport>,
-        Self { kbd_tx, mou_tx, dev_mode, released: false, magic_active: false,
+    ) -> Self {
-               keyboards: Vec::new(), mice: Vec::new()
+        Self {
+            kbd_tx,
+            mou_tx,
+            dev_mode,
+            released: false,
+            magic_active: false,
+            keyboards: Vec::new(),
+            mice: Vec::new(),
         }
     }
 
     /// Called once at startup: enumerates input devices,
     /// classifies them, and constructs a aggregator struct per type.
     pub fn init(&mut self) -> Result<()> {
-        let paths = std::fs::read_dir("/dev/input")
+        let paths = std::fs::read_dir("/dev/input").context("Failed to read /dev/input")?;
-            .context("Failed to read /dev/input")?;
 
         let mut found_any = false;
 
@@ -42,7 +52,10 @@ impl InputAggregator {
             let path = entry.path();
 
             // skip anything that isn't "event*"
-            if !path.file_name().map_or(false, |f| f.to_string_lossy().starts_with("event")) {
+            if !path
+                .file_name()
+                .map_or(false, |f| f.to_string_lossy().starts_with("event"))
+            {
                 continue;
             }
 
@@ -56,12 +69,17 @@ impl InputAggregator {
             };
 
             // non-blocking so fetch_events never stalls the whole loop
-            dev.set_nonblocking(true).with_context(|| format!("set_non_blocking {:?}", path))?;
+            dev.set_nonblocking(true)
+                .with_context(|| format!("set_non_blocking {:?}", path))?;
 
             match classify_device(&dev) {
                 DeviceKind::Keyboard => {
-                    dev.grab().with_context(|| format!("grabbing keyboard {path:?}"))?;
+                    dev.grab()
-                    info!("🤏🖱️ Grabbed keyboard {:?}", dev.name().unwrap_or("UNKNOWN"));
+                        .with_context(|| format!("grabbing keyboard {path:?}"))?;
+                    info!(
+                        "🤏🖱️ Grabbed keyboard {:?}",
+                        dev.name().unwrap_or("UNKNOWN")
+                    );
 
                     // pass dev_mode to aggregator
                     // let kbd_agg = KeyboardAggregator::new(dev, self.dev_mode);
@@ -71,7 +89,8 @@ impl InputAggregator {
                     continue;
                 }
                 DeviceKind::Mouse => {
-                    dev.grab().with_context(|| format!("grabbing mouse {path:?}"))?;
+                    dev.grab()
+                        .with_context(|| format!("grabbing mouse {path:?}"))?;
                     info!("🤏⌨️ Grabbed mouse {:?}", dev.name().unwrap_or("UNKNOWN"));
 
                     // let mouse_agg = MouseAggregator::new(dev);
@@ -81,7 +100,10 @@ impl InputAggregator {
                     continue;
                 }
                 DeviceKind::Other => {
-                    debug!("Skipping non-kbd/mouse device: {:?}", dev.name().unwrap_or("UNKNOWN"));
+                    debug!(
+                        "Skipping non-kbd/mouse device: {:?}",
+                        dev.name().unwrap_or("UNKNOWN")
+                    );
                     continue;
                 }
             }
@@ -110,7 +132,9 @@ impl InputAggregator {
                 want_kill |= kbd.magic_kill();
             }
 
-            if magic_now && !self.magic_active { self.toggle_grab(); }
+            if magic_now && !self.magic_active {
+                self.toggle_grab();
+            }
             if (magic_left || magic_right) && self.magic_active {
                 current = match current {
                     Layout::SideBySide => Layout::FullLeft,
@@ -139,18 +163,18 @@ impl InputAggregator {
         } else {
             tracing::info!("🧙  magic chord - freeing devices 🪄 EXPELLIARMUS!!! 🔓🕊️");
         }
-        for k in &mut self.keyboards { k.set_grab(self.released); k.set_send(self.released); }
+        for k in &mut self.keyboards {
-        for m in &mut self.mice      { m.set_grab(self.released); m.set_send(self.released); }
+            k.set_grab(self.released);
+            k.set_send(self.released);
+        }
+        for m in &mut self.mice {
+            m.set_grab(self.released);
+            m.set_send(self.released);
+        }
         self.released = !self.released;
     }
 }
 
-#[derive(Debug)]
-struct Classification {
-    keyboard: Option<()>,
-    mouse: Option<()>,
-}
-
 /// The classification function
 fn classify_device(dev: &Device) -> DeviceKind {
     let evbits = dev.supported_events();
@@ -166,13 +190,10 @@ fn classify_device(dev: &Device) -> DeviceKind {
 
     // Mouse logic
     if evbits.contains(EventType::RELATIVE) {
-        if let (Some(rel), Some(keys)) =
+        if let (Some(rel), Some(keys)) = (dev.supported_relative_axes(), dev.supported_keys()) {
-            (dev.supported_relative_axes(), dev.supported_keys())
+            let has_xy =
-        {
+                rel.contains(RelativeAxisCode::REL_X) && rel.contains(RelativeAxisCode::REL_Y);
-            let has_xy = rel.contains(RelativeAxisCode::REL_X)
+            let has_btn = keys.contains(KeyCode::BTN_LEFT) || keys.contains(KeyCode::BTN_RIGHT);
-                      && rel.contains(RelativeAxisCode::REL_Y);
-            let has_btn = keys.contains(KeyCode::BTN_LEFT)
-                       || keys.contains(KeyCode::BTN_RIGHT);
             if has_xy && has_btn {
                 return DeviceKind::Mouse;
             }

client/src/input/keyboard.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
 // client/src/input/keyboard.rs
 
-use std::{collections::HashSet, sync::atomic::{AtomicU32, Ordering}};
 use evdev::{Device, EventType, InputEvent, KeyCode};
+use std::{
+    collections::HashSet,
+    sync::atomic::{AtomicU32, Ordering},
+};
 use tokio::sync::broadcast::Sender;
 use tracing::{debug, error, trace};
 
@@ -24,11 +27,21 @@ static SEQ: AtomicU32 = AtomicU32::new(0);
 impl KeyboardAggregator {
     pub fn new(dev: Device, dev_mode: bool, tx: Sender<KeyboardReport>) -> Self {
         let _ = dev.set_nonblocking(true);
-        Self { dev, tx, dev_mode, sending_disabled: false, pressed_keys: HashSet::new()}
+        Self {
+            dev,
+            tx,
+            dev_mode,
+            sending_disabled: false,
+            pressed_keys: HashSet::new(),
+        }
     }
 
     pub fn set_grab(&mut self, grab: bool) {
-        let _ = if grab { self.dev.grab() } else { self.dev.ungrab() };
+        let _ = if grab {
+            self.dev.grab()
+        } else {
+            self.dev.ungrab()
+        };
     }
 
     pub fn set_send(&mut self, send: bool) {
@@ -40,28 +53,47 @@ impl KeyboardAggregator {
         let events: Vec<InputEvent> = match self.dev.fetch_events() {
             Ok(it) => it.collect(),
             Err(e) if e.kind() == std::io::ErrorKind::WouldBlock => return,
-            Err(e) => { if self.dev_mode { error!("⌨️❌ read error: {e}"); } return }
+            Err(e) => {
+                if self.dev_mode {
+                    error!("⌨️❌ read error: {e}");
+                }
+                return;
+            }
         };
 
         if self.dev_mode && !events.is_empty() {
-            trace!("⌨️ {} kbd evts from {}", events.len(), self.dev.name().unwrap_or("?"));
+            trace!(
+                "⌨️ {} kbd evts from {}",
+                events.len(),
+                self.dev.name().unwrap_or("?")
+            );
         }
 
         for ev in events {
-            if ev.event_type() != EventType::KEY { continue }
+            if ev.event_type() != EventType::KEY {
+                continue;
+            }
             let code = KeyCode::new(ev.code());
             match ev.value() {
-                1 => { self.pressed_keys.insert(code); } // press
+                1 => {
-                0 => { self.pressed_keys.remove(&code); } // release
+                    self.pressed_keys.insert(code);
+                } // press
+                0 => {
+                    self.pressed_keys.remove(&code);
+                } // release
                 _ => {}
             }
 
             let report = self.build_report();
             // Generate a local sequence number for debugging/log-merge only.
             let id = SEQ.fetch_add(1, Ordering::Relaxed);
-            if self.dev_mode { debug!(seq = id, ?report, "kbd"); }
+            if self.dev_mode {
+                debug!(seq = id, ?report, "kbd");
+            }
             if !self.sending_disabled {
-                let _ = self.tx.send(KeyboardReport { data: report.to_vec() });
+                let _ = self.tx.send(KeyboardReport {
+                    data: report.to_vec(),
+                });
             }
         }
     }
@@ -72,16 +104,23 @@ impl KeyboardAggregator {
         let mut keys = Vec::new();
 
         for &kc in &self.pressed_keys {
-            if let Some(m) = is_modifier(kc) { mods |= m }
+            if let Some(m) = is_modifier(kc) {
-            else if let Some(u) = keycode_to_usage(kc) { keys.push(u) }
+                mods |= m
+            } else if let Some(u) = keycode_to_usage(kc) {
+                keys.push(u)
+            }
         }
 
         out[0] = mods;
-        for (i, k) in keys.into_iter().take(6).enumerate() { out[2+i] = k }
+        for (i, k) in keys.into_iter().take(6).enumerate() {
+            out[2 + i] = k
+        }
         out
     }
 
-    pub fn has_key(&self, kc: KeyCode) -> bool { self.pressed_keys.contains(&kc) }
+    pub fn has_key(&self, kc: KeyCode) -> bool {
+        self.pressed_keys.contains(&kc)
+    }
 
     pub fn magic_grab(&self) -> bool {
         self.has_key(KeyCode::KEY_LEFTCTRL)
@@ -102,8 +141,7 @@ impl KeyboardAggregator {
     }
 
     pub fn magic_kill(&self) -> bool {
-        self.has_key(KeyCode::KEY_LEFTCTRL)
+        self.has_key(KeyCode::KEY_LEFTCTRL) && self.has_key(KeyCode::KEY_ESC)
-            && self.has_key(KeyCode::KEY_ESC)
     }
 }
 

client/src/input/microphone.rs

@@ -3,15 +3,16 @@
 #![forbid(unsafe_code)]
 
 use anyhow::{Context, Result};
+use gst::prelude::*;
 use gstreamer as gst;
 use gstreamer_app as gst_app;
-use gst::prelude::*;
 use lesavka_common::lesavka::AudioPacket;
-use tracing::{debug, error, info, warn, trace};
 use shell_escape::unix::escape;
 use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicU64, Ordering};
+use tracing::{debug, error, info, trace, warn};
 
 pub struct MicrophoneCapture {
+    #[allow(dead_code)] // kept alive to hold PLAYING state
     pipeline: gst::Pipeline,
     sink: gst_app::AppSink,
 }
@@ -22,12 +23,16 @@ impl MicrophoneCapture {
 
         /* pulsesrc (default mic) → AAC/ADTS → appsink  -------------------*/
         // Optional override: LESAVKA_MIC_SOURCE=<pulse‑device‑name>
+        // If not provided or not found, fall back to first non-monitor source.
         let device_arg = match std::env::var("LESAVKA_MIC_SOURCE") {
-            Ok(s) if !s.is_empty() => {
+            Ok(s) if !s.is_empty() => match Self::pulse_source_by_substr(&s) {
-                let full = Self::pulse_source_by_substr(&s).unwrap_or(s);
+                Some(full) => format!("device={}", escape(full.into())),
-                format!("device={}", escape(full.into()))
+                None => {
+                    warn!("🎤 requested mic '{s}' not found; using default");
+                    Self::default_source_arg()
                 }
-            _ => String::new(),
+            },
+            _ => Self::default_source_arg(),
         };
         debug!("🎤 device: {device_arg}");
         let aac = ["avenc_aac", "fdkaacenc", "faac", "opusenc"]
@@ -50,14 +55,8 @@ impl MicrophoneCapture {
              appsink name=asink emit-signals=true max-buffers=50 drop=true"
         );
 
-        let pipeline: gst::Pipeline = gst::parse::launch(&desc)?
+        let pipeline: gst::Pipeline = gst::parse::launch(&desc)?.downcast().expect("pipeline");
-            .downcast()
+        let sink: gst_app::AppSink = pipeline.by_name("asink").unwrap().downcast().unwrap();
-            .expect("pipeline");
-        let sink: gst_app::AppSink = pipeline
-            .by_name("asink")
-            .unwrap()
-            .downcast()
-            .unwrap();
 
         /* ─── bus for diagnostics ───────────────────────────────────────*/
         {
@@ -66,20 +65,30 @@ impl MicrophoneCapture {
                 use gst::MessageView::*;
                 for msg in bus.iter_timed(gst::ClockTime::NONE) {
                     match msg.view() {
-                        StateChanged(s) if s.current() == gst::State::Playing
+                        StateChanged(s)
+                            if s.current() == gst::State::Playing
                                 && msg.src().map(|s| s.is::<gst::Pipeline>()).unwrap_or(false) =>
-                                info!("🎤 mic pipeline ▶️ (source=pulsesrc)"),
+                        {
-                        Error(e) =>
+                            info!("🎤 mic pipeline ▶️ (source=pulsesrc)")
-                            error!("🎤💥 mic: {} ({})", e.error(), e.debug().unwrap_or_default()),
+                        }
-                        Warning(w) =>
+                        Error(e) => error!(
-                            warn!("🎤⚠️ mic: {} ({})", w.error(), w.debug().unwrap_or_default()),
+                            "🎤💥 mic: {} ({})",
+                            e.error(),
+                            e.debug().unwrap_or_default()
+                        ),
+                        Warning(w) => warn!(
+                            "🎤⚠️ mic: {} ({})",
+                            w.error(),
+                            w.debug().unwrap_or_default()
+                        ),
                         _ => {}
                     }
                 }
             });
         }
 
-        pipeline.set_state(gst::State::Playing)
+        pipeline
+            .set_state(gst::State::Playing)
             .context("start mic pipeline")?;
 
         Ok(Self { pipeline, sink })
@@ -97,8 +106,11 @@ impl MicrophoneCapture {
                 if n < 10 || n % 300 == 0 {
                     trace!("🎤⇧ cli  pkt#{n}  {} bytes", map.len());
                 }
-                Some(AudioPacket { id: 0, pts, data: map.as_slice().to_vec() })
+                Some(AudioPacket {
-
+                    id: 0,
+                    pts,
+                    data: map.as_slice().to_vec(),
+                })
             }
             Err(_) => None,
         }
@@ -106,15 +118,39 @@ impl MicrophoneCapture {
 
     fn pulse_source_by_substr(fragment: &str) -> Option<String> {
         use std::process::Command;
-        let out = Command::new("pactl").args(["list", "short", "sources"])
+        let out = Command::new("pactl")
-            .output().ok()?;
+            .args(["list", "short", "sources"])
+            .output()
+            .ok()?;
         let list = String::from_utf8_lossy(&out.stdout);
-        list.lines()
+        list.lines().find_map(|ln| {
-            .find_map(|ln| {
             let mut cols = ln.split_whitespace();
             let _id = cols.next()?;
             let name = cols.next()?; // column #1
-                if name.contains(fragment) { Some(name.to_owned()) } else { None }
+            if name.contains(fragment) {
+                Some(name.to_owned())
+            } else {
+                None
+            }
         })
     }
+
+    /// Pick the first non-monitor Pulse source if available; otherwise empty.
+    fn default_source_arg() -> String {
+        use std::process::Command;
+        let out = Command::new("pactl")
+            .args(["list", "short", "sources"])
+            .output();
+        if let Ok(out) = out {
+            let list = String::from_utf8_lossy(&out.stdout);
+            if let Some(name) = list
+                .lines()
+                .filter_map(|ln| ln.split_whitespace().nth(1))
+                .find(|name| !name.ends_with(".monitor"))
+            {
+                return format!("device={}", escape(name.into()));
+            }
+        }
+        String::new()
+    }
 }

client/src/input/mod.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 // client/src/input/mod.rs
 
+pub mod camera; // stub for camera
 pub mod inputs; // the aggregator that scans /dev/input and spawns sub-aggregators
 pub mod keyboard; // existing keyboard aggregator logic (minus scanning)
-pub mod mouse;       // a stub aggregator for mice
+pub mod keymap;
-pub mod camera;      // stub for camera
 pub mod microphone; // stub for mic
-pub mod keymap;      // keyboard keymap logic
+pub mod mouse; // a stub aggregator for mice // keyboard keymap logic

client/src/input/mouse.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 // client/src/input/mouse.rs
 
 use evdev::{Device, EventType, InputEvent, KeyCode, RelativeAxisCode};
-use tokio::sync::broadcast::{self, Sender};
 use std::time::{Duration, Instant};
-use tracing::{debug, error, warn, trace};
+use tokio::sync::broadcast::{self, Sender};
+use tracing::{debug, error, trace, warn};
 
 use lesavka_common::lesavka::MouseReport;
 
@@ -25,12 +25,33 @@ pub struct MouseAggregator {
 
 impl MouseAggregator {
     pub fn new(dev: Device, dev_mode: bool, tx: Sender<MouseReport>) -> Self {
-        Self { dev, tx, dev_mode, sending_disabled: false, next_send: Instant::now(), buttons:0, last_buttons:0, dx:0, dy:0, wheel:0 }
+        Self {
+            dev,
+            tx,
+            dev_mode,
+            sending_disabled: false,
+            next_send: Instant::now(),
+            buttons: 0,
+            last_buttons: 0,
+            dx: 0,
+            dy: 0,
+            wheel: 0,
+        }
     }
 
-    #[inline] fn slog(&self, f: impl FnOnce()) { if self.dev_mode { f() } }
+    #[inline]
+    #[allow(dead_code)]
+    fn slog(&self, f: impl FnOnce()) {
+        if self.dev_mode {
+            f()
+        }
+    }
     pub fn set_grab(&mut self, grab: bool) {
-        let _ = if grab { self.dev.grab() } else { self.dev.ungrab() };
+        let _ = if grab {
+            self.dev.grab()
+        } else {
+            self.dev.ungrab()
+        };
     }
 
     pub fn set_send(&mut self, send: bool) {
@@ -41,11 +62,20 @@ impl MouseAggregator {
         let evts: Vec<InputEvent> = match self.dev.fetch_events() {
             Ok(it) => it.collect(),
             Err(e) if e.kind() == std::io::ErrorKind::WouldBlock => return,
-            Err(e) => { if self.dev_mode { error!("🖱️❌ mouse read err: {e}"); } return }
+            Err(e) => {
+                if self.dev_mode {
+                    error!("🖱️❌ mouse read err: {e}");
+                }
+                return;
+            }
         };
 
         if self.dev_mode && !evts.is_empty() {
-            trace!("🖱️ {} evts from {}", evts.len(), self.dev.name().unwrap_or("?"));
+            trace!(
+                "🖱️ {} evts from {}",
+                evts.len(),
+                self.dev.name().unwrap_or("?")
+            );
         }
 
         for e in evts {
@@ -57,12 +87,15 @@ impl MouseAggregator {
                     _ => {}
                 },
                 EventType::RELATIVE => match e.code() {
-                    c if c == RelativeAxisCode::REL_X.0 =>
+                    c if c == RelativeAxisCode::REL_X.0 => {
-                        self.dx = self.dx.saturating_add(e.value().clamp(-127,127) as i8),
+                        self.dx = self.dx.saturating_add(e.value().clamp(-127, 127) as i8)
-                    c if c == RelativeAxisCode::REL_Y.0 =>
+                    }
-                        self.dy = self.dy.saturating_add(e.value().clamp(-127,127) as i8),
+                    c if c == RelativeAxisCode::REL_Y.0 => {
-                    c if c == RelativeAxisCode::REL_WHEEL.0 =>
+                        self.dy = self.dy.saturating_add(e.value().clamp(-127, 127) as i8)
-                        self.wheel = self.wheel.saturating_add(e.value().clamp(-1,1) as i8),
+                    }
+                    c if c == RelativeAxisCode::REL_WHEEL.0 => {
+                        self.wheel = self.wheel.saturating_add(e.value().clamp(-1, 1) as i8)
+                    }
                     _ => {}
                 },
                 EventType::SYNCHRONIZATION => self.flush(),
@@ -72,7 +105,9 @@ impl MouseAggregator {
     }
 
     fn flush(&mut self) {
-        if self.buttons == self.last_buttons && Instant::now() < self.next_send { return; }
+        if self.buttons == self.last_buttons && Instant::now() < self.next_send {
+            return;
+        }
         self.next_send = Instant::now() + SEND_INTERVAL;
 
         let pkt = [
@@ -86,17 +121,27 @@ impl MouseAggregator {
             if let Err(broadcast::error::SendError(_)) =
                 self.tx.send(MouseReport { data: pkt.to_vec() })
             {
-                if self.dev_mode { warn!("❌🖱️ no HID receiver (mouse)"); }
+                if self.dev_mode {
+                    warn!("❌🖱️ no HID receiver (mouse)");
+                }
             } else if self.dev_mode {
                 debug!("📤🖱️ mouse {:?}", pkt);
             }
         }
 
-        self.dx=0; self.dy=0; self.wheel=0; self.last_buttons=self.buttons;
+        self.dx = 0;
+        self.dy = 0;
+        self.wheel = 0;
+        self.last_buttons = self.buttons;
     }
 
-    #[inline] fn set_btn(&mut self, bit: u8, val: i32) {
+    #[inline]
-        if val!=0 { self.buttons |= 1<<bit } else { self.buttons &= !(1<<bit) }
+    fn set_btn(&mut self, bit: u8, val: i32) {
+        if val != 0 {
+            self.buttons |= 1 << bit
+        } else {
+            self.buttons &= !(1 << bit)
+        }
     }
 }
 
@@ -108,4 +153,3 @@ impl Drop for MouseAggregator {
         });
     }
 }
-

client/src/layout.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 // client/src/layout.rs  - Wayland-only window placement utilities
 #![forbid(unsafe_code)]
 
+use serde_json::Value;
 use std::process::Command;
 use tracing::{info, warn};
-use serde_json::Value;
 
 /// The three layouts we cycle through.
 #[derive(Clone, Copy)]
@@ -16,9 +16,7 @@ pub enum Layout {
 /// Move/resize a window titled “Lesavka-eye-{eye}” using `swaymsg`.
 fn place_window(eye: u32, x: i32, y: i32, w: i32, h: i32) {
     let title = format!("Lesavka-eye-{eye}");
-    let cmd   = format!(
+    let cmd = format!(r#"[title="^{title}$"] resize set {w} {h}; move position {x} {y}"#);
-        r#"[title="^{title}$"] resize set {w} {h}; move position {x} {y}"#
-    );
 
     match Command::new("swaymsg").arg(cmd).status() {
         Ok(st) if st.success() => info!("✅ placed eye{eye} {w}×{h}@{x},{y}"),
@@ -35,15 +33,23 @@ pub fn apply(layout: Layout) {
         .output()
     {
         Ok(o) => o.stdout,
-        Err(e) => { warn!("get_outputs failed: {e}"); return; }
+        Err(e) => {
+            warn!("get_outputs failed: {e}");
+            return;
+        }
     };
 
     let Ok(Value::Array(outputs)) = serde_json::from_slice::<Value>(&out) else {
-        warn!("unexpected JSON from swaymsg"); return;
+        warn!("unexpected JSON from swaymsg");
+        return;
     };
-    let Some(rect) = outputs.iter()
+    let Some(rect) = outputs
+        .iter()
         .find(|o| o.get("focused").and_then(Value::as_bool) == Some(true))
-        .and_then(|o| o.get("rect")) else { return; };
+        .and_then(|o| o.get("rect"))
+    else {
+        return;
+    };
 
     // helper to read an i64 → i32 with defaults
     let g = |k: &str| rect.get(k).and_then(Value::as_i64).unwrap_or(0) as i32;

client/src/lib.rs

@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@
 #![forbid(unsafe_code)]
 
 pub mod app;
-pub mod input;
-pub mod output;
-pub mod layout;
 pub mod handshake;
+pub mod input;
+pub mod layout;
+pub mod output;
 
 pub use app::LesavkaClientApp;

client/src/main.rs

@@ -23,16 +23,22 @@ fn ensure_runtime_dir() {
 
 #[tokio::main(flavor = "current_thread")]
 async fn main() -> Result<()> {
+    let headless = env::var("LESAVKA_HEADLESS").is_ok();
+    if !headless {
         ensure_runtime_dir();
+    }
 
     /*------------- common filter & stderr layer ------------------------*/
     let env_filter = EnvFilter::try_from_default_env().unwrap_or_else(|_| {
         EnvFilter::new(
-            "lesavka_client=trace,\
+            "warn,\
-             lesavka_server=trace,\
+             lesavka_client::app=info,\
-             tonic=debug,\
+             lesavka_client::input::camera=debug,\
-             h2=debug,\
+             lesavka_client::output::video=info,\
-             tower=debug",
+             lesavka_client::output::audio=info,\
+             tonic=warn,\
+             h2=warn,\
+             tower=warn",
         )
     });
 
@@ -69,7 +75,10 @@ async fn main() -> Result<()> {
             .with(file_layer)
             .init();
 
-        tracing::info!("📜 lesavka-client running in DEV mode → {}", log_path.display());
+        tracing::info!(
+            "📜 lesavka-client running in DEV mode → {}",
+            log_path.display()
+        );
     } else {
         tracing_subscriber::registry()
             .with(env_filter)

client/src/output/audio.rs

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 // client/src/output/audio.rs
 
 use anyhow::{Context, Result};
+use gst::MessageView::*;
+use gst::prelude::*;
 use gstreamer as gst;
 use gstreamer_app as gst_app;
-use gst::prelude::*;
+use tracing::{debug, error, info, warn};
-use gst::MessageView::*;
-use tracing::{error, info, warn, debug};
 
 use lesavka_common::lesavka::AudioPacket;
 
@@ -58,12 +58,13 @@ impl AudioOut {
             .downcast::<gst_app::AppSrc>()
             .expect("src not an AppSrc");
 
-        src.set_caps(Some(&gst::Caps::builder("audio/mpeg")
+        src.set_caps(Some(
+            &gst::Caps::builder("audio/mpeg")
                 .field("mpegversion", &4i32) // AAC
                 .field("stream-format", &"adts") // ADTS frames
                 .field("rate", &48_000i32) // 48 kHz
                 .field("channels", &2i32) // stereo
-            .build()
+                .build(),
         ));
         src.set_format(gst::Format::Time);
 
@@ -72,34 +73,40 @@ impl AudioOut {
         std::thread::spawn(move || {
             for msg in bus.iter_timed(gst::ClockTime::NONE) {
                 match msg.view() {
-                    Error(e) => error!("💥 gst error from {:?}: {} ({})",
+                    Error(e) => error!(
+                        "💥 gst error from {:?}: {} ({})",
                         msg.src().map(|s| s.path_string()),
-                                       e.error(), e.debug().unwrap_or_default()),
+                        e.error(),
-                    Warning(w) => warn!("⚠️ gst warning from {:?}: {} ({})",
+                        e.debug().unwrap_or_default()
+                    ),
+                    Warning(w) => warn!(
+                        "⚠️ gst warning from {:?}: {} ({})",
                         msg.src().map(|s| s.path_string()),
-                                        w.error(), w.debug().unwrap_or_default()),
+                        w.error(),
-                    Element(e) => debug!("🔎 gst element message: {}", e
+                        w.debug().unwrap_or_default()
-                        .structure()
+                    ),
-                        .map(|s| s.to_string())
+                    Element(e) => debug!(
-                        .unwrap_or_default()),
+                        "🔎 gst element message: {}",
+                        e.structure().map(|s| s.to_string()).unwrap_or_default()
+                    ),
                     StateChanged(s) if s.current() == gst::State::Playing => {
-                        if msg
+                        if msg.src().map(|s| s.is::<gst::Pipeline>()).unwrap_or(false) {
-                            .src()
-                            .map(|s| s.is::<gst::Pipeline>())
-                            .unwrap_or(false)
-                        {
                             info!("🔊 audio pipeline ▶️ (sink='{}')", sink);
                         } else {
-                            debug!("🔊 element {} now ▶️",
+                            debug!(
-                                    msg.src().map(|s| s.name()).unwrap_or_default());
+                                "🔊 element {} now ▶️",
+                                msg.src().map(|s| s.name()).unwrap_or_default()
+                            );
+                        }
                     }
-                    },
                     _ => {}
                 }
             }
         });
 
-        pipeline.set_state(gst::State::Playing).context("starting audio pipeline")?;
+        pipeline
+            .set_state(gst::State::Playing)
+            .context("starting audio pipeline")?;
 
         Ok(Self { pipeline, src })
     }
@@ -157,8 +164,6 @@ fn pick_sink_element() -> Result<String> {
 }
 
 fn list_pw_sinks() -> Vec<(String, String)> {
-    let mut out = Vec::new();
-    if out.is_empty() {
     // ── PulseAudio / pactl fallback ────────────────────────────────
     if let Ok(info) = std::process::Command::new("pactl")
         .args(["info"])
@@ -170,7 +175,5 @@ fn list_pw_sinks() -> Vec<(String, String)> {
             return vec![(def.to_string(), "UNKNOWN".to_string())];
         }
     }
-    }
+    Vec::new()
-
-    out
 }

client/src/output/display.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 // client/src/output/display.rs
 
+use gtk::gdk;
 use gtk::prelude::ListModelExt;
 use gtk::prelude::*;
-use gtk::gdk;
 use tracing::debug;
 
 #[derive(Clone, Debug)]
@@ -41,9 +41,16 @@ pub fn enumerate_monitors() -> Vec<MonitorInfo> {
 
             debug!(
                 "🖥️  monitor: {:?}, connector={:?}, geom={:?}, scale={}",
-                m.model(), connector, geometry, scale_factor
+                m.model(),
+                connector,
+                geometry,
+                scale_factor
             );
-            MonitorInfo { geometry, scale_factor, is_internal }
+            MonitorInfo {
+                geometry,
+                scale_factor,
+                is_internal,
+            }
         })
         .collect();
 

client/src/output/layout.rs

@@ -4,14 +4,27 @@ use super::display::MonitorInfo;
 use tracing::debug;
 
 #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)]
-pub struct Rect { pub x: i32, pub y: i32, pub w: i32, pub h: i32 }
+pub struct Rect {
+    pub x: i32,
+    pub y: i32,
+    pub w: i32,
+    pub h: i32,
+}
 
 /// Compute rectangles for N video streams (all 16:9 here).
 pub fn assign_rectangles(
     monitors: &[MonitorInfo],
     streams: &[(&str, i32, i32)], // (name, w, h)
 ) -> Vec<Rect> {
-    let mut rects = vec![Rect { x:0, y:0, w:0, h:0 }; streams.len()];
+    let mut rects = vec![
+        Rect {
+            x: 0,
+            y: 0,
+            w: 0,
+            h: 0
+        };
+        streams.len()
+    ];
 
     match monitors.len() {
         0 => return rects, // impossible, but keep compiler happy
@@ -29,14 +42,21 @@ pub fn assign_rectangles(
             for (idx, &(_, w, h)) in streams.iter().enumerate() {
                 let ww = (w as f64 * scale).round() as i32;
                 let hh = (h as f64 * scale).round() as i32;
-                rects[idx] = Rect { x, y: m.y(), w: ww, h: hh };
+                rects[idx] = Rect {
+                    x,
+                    y: m.y(),
+                    w: ww,
+                    h: hh,
+                };
                 x += ww;
             }
         }
         _ => {
             // ≥2 monitors: map 1-to-1 until we run out
             for (idx, stream) in streams.iter().enumerate() {
-                if idx >= monitors.len() { break; }
+                if idx >= monitors.len() {
+                    break;
+                }
 
                 let m = &monitors[idx];
                 let geom = m.geometry;
@@ -52,7 +72,12 @@ pub fn assign_rectangles(
                 let hh = (h as f64 * scale).round() as i32;
                 let xx = geom.x() + (geom.width() - ww) / 2;
                 let yy = geom.y() + (geom.height() - hh) / 2;
-                rects[idx] = Rect { x: xx, y: yy, w: ww, h: hh };
+                rects[idx] = Rect {
+                    x: xx,
+                    y: yy,
+                    w: ww,
+                    h: hh,
+                };
             }
         }
     }

client/src/output/mod.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 // client/src/output/mod.rs
 
 pub mod audio;
-pub mod video;
-pub mod layout;
 pub mod display;
+pub mod layout;
+pub mod video;

client/src/output/video.rs

@@ -1,33 +1,17 @@
 // client/src/output/video.rs
 
-use std::process::Command;
-use std::time::Duration;
-use std::thread;
 use anyhow::Context;
 use gstreamer as gst;
+use gstreamer::prelude::{Cast, ElementExt, GstBinExt, ObjectExt};
 use gstreamer_app as gst_app;
-use gstreamer_video::{prelude::*, VideoOverlay};
+use gstreamer_video::VideoOverlay;
-use gst::prelude::*;
+use gstreamer_video::prelude::VideoOverlayExt;
 use lesavka_common::lesavka::VideoPacket;
-use tracing::{error, info, warn, debug};
+use std::process::Command;
-use gstreamer_video as gst_video;
+use tracing::{debug, error, info, warn};
-use gstreamer_video::glib::Type;
 
 use crate::output::{display, layout};
 
-/* ---------- pipeline ----------------------------------------------------
-* ┌────────────┐  H.264/AU  ┌─────────┐   Decoded  ┌─────────────┐
-* │  AppSrc    │────────────► decodebin ├──────────► glimagesink │
-* └────────────┘             (autoplug)               (overlay)  |
-* ----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
-const PIPELINE_DESC: &str = concat!(
-    "appsrc name=src is-live=true format=time do-timestamp=true block=false ! ",
-    "queue leaky=downstream ! ",
-    "capsfilter caps=video/x-h264,stream-format=byte-stream,alignment=au ! ",
-    "h264parse disable-passthrough=true ! decodebin ! videoconvert ! ",
-    "glimagesink name=sink sync=false"
-);
-
 pub struct MonitorWindow {
     _pipeline: gst::Pipeline,
     src: gst_app::AppSrc,
@@ -38,7 +22,23 @@ impl MonitorWindow {
         gst::init().context("initialising GStreamer")?;
 
         // --- Build pipeline ---------------------------------------------------
-        let pipeline: gst::Pipeline = gst::parse::launch(PIPELINE_DESC)?
+        let sink = if std::env::var("GDK_BACKEND")
+            .map(|v| v.contains("x11"))
+            .unwrap_or_else(|_| std::env::var_os("DISPLAY").is_some())
+        {
+            "ximagesink name=sink sync=false"
+        } else {
+            "glimagesink name=sink sync=false"
+        };
+
+        let desc = format!(
+            "appsrc name=src is-live=true format=time do-timestamp=true block=false ! \
+             queue leaky=downstream ! \
+             capsfilter caps=video/x-h264,stream-format=byte-stream,alignment=au ! \
+             h264parse disable-passthrough=true ! decodebin ! videoconvert ! {sink}"
+        );
+
+        let pipeline: gst::Pipeline = gst::parse::launch(&desc)?
             .downcast::<gst::Pipeline>()
             .expect("not a pipeline");
 
@@ -54,18 +54,23 @@ impl MonitorWindow {
             .downcast::<gst_app::AppSrc>()
             .unwrap();
 
-        src.set_caps(Some(&gst::Caps::builder("video/x-h264")
+        src.set_caps(Some(
+            &gst::Caps::builder("video/x-h264")
                 .field("stream-format", &"byte-stream")
                 .field("alignment", &"au")
-            .build()));
+                .build(),
+        ));
         src.set_format(gst::Format::Time);
 
         /* -------- move/resize overlay ---------------------------------- */
         if let Some(sink_elem) = pipeline.by_name("sink") {
+            if sink_elem.find_property("window-title").is_some() {
+                let _ = sink_elem.set_property("window-title", &format!("Lesavka-eye-{id}"));
+            }
             if let Ok(overlay) = sink_elem.dynamic_cast::<VideoOverlay>() {
                 if let Some(r) = rects.get(id as usize) {
                     // 1. Tell glimagesink how to crop the texture in its own window
-                    overlay.set_render_rectangle(r.x, r.y, r.w, r.h);
+                    let _ = overlay.set_render_rectangle(r.x, r.y, r.w, r.h);
                     debug!(
                         "🔲 eye-{id} → render_rectangle({}, {}, {}, {})",
                         r.x, r.y, r.w, r.h
@@ -84,8 +89,11 @@ impl MonitorWindow {
                             run: Arc<dyn Fn(&str) -> std::io::Result<ExitStatus> + Send + Sync>,
                         }
 
-                        let placer = if Command::new("swaymsg").arg("-t").arg("get_tree")
+                        let placer = if Command::new("swaymsg")
-                            .output().is_ok()
+                            .arg("-t")
+                            .arg("get_tree")
+                            .output()
+                            .is_ok()
                         {
                             Placer {
                                 name: "swaymsg",
@@ -113,8 +121,9 @@ impl MonitorWindow {
                         };
 
                         if placer.name != "noop" {
+                            let cmd = match placer.name {
                                 // Criteria string that works for i3-/sway-compatible IPC
-                            let criteria = format!(
+                                "swaymsg" | "hyprctl" => format!(
                                     r#"[title="^Lesavka-eye-{id}$"] \
                                        resize set {w} {h}; \
                                        move absolute position {x} {y}"#,
@@ -122,7 +131,9 @@ impl MonitorWindow {
                                     h = r.h,
                                     x = r.x,
                                     y = r.y,
-                            );
+                                ),
+                                _ => String::new(),
+                            };
 
                             // Retry in a detached thread - avoids blocking GStreamer
                             let placename = placer.name;
@@ -130,7 +141,7 @@ impl MonitorWindow {
                             thread::spawn(move || {
                                 for attempt in 1..=10 {
                                     thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(300));
-                                    match runner(&criteria) {
+                                    match runner(&cmd) {
                                         Ok(st) if st.success() => {
                                             tracing::info!(
                                                 "✅ {placename}: placed eye-{id} (attempt {attempt})"
@@ -145,6 +156,33 @@ impl MonitorWindow {
                             });
                         }
                     }
+                    // 3. X11 / Xwayland placement via wmctrl
+                    else if std::env::var_os("DISPLAY").is_some() {
+                        let title = format!("Lesavka-eye-{id}");
+                        let w = r.w;
+                        let h = r.h;
+                        let x = r.x;
+                        let y = r.y;
+                        std::thread::spawn(move || {
+                            for attempt in 1..=10 {
+                                std::thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_millis(300));
+                                let status = Command::new("wmctrl")
+                                    .args(["-r", &title, "-e", &format!("0,{x},{y},{w},{h}")])
+                                    .status();
+                                match status {
+                                    Ok(st) if st.success() => {
+                                        tracing::info!(
+                                            "✅ wmctrl placed eye-{id} (attempt {attempt})"
+                                        );
+                                        break;
+                                    }
+                                    _ => tracing::debug!(
+                                        "⌛ wmctrl: eye-{id} not mapped yet (attempt {attempt})"
+                                    ),
+                                }
+                            }
+                        });
+                    }
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -157,14 +195,8 @@ impl MonitorWindow {
                 for msg in bus.iter_timed(gst::ClockTime::NONE) {
                     match msg.view() {
                         StateChanged(s) if s.current() == gst::State::Playing => {
-                            if msg
+                            if msg.src().map(|s| s.is::<gst::Pipeline>()).unwrap_or(false) {
-                                .src()
+                                info!("🎞️  video{id} pipeline ▶️ (sink='glimagesink')");
-                                .map(|s| s.is::<gst::Pipeline>())
-                                .unwrap_or(false)
-                            {
-                                info!(
-                                    "🎞️  video{id} pipeline ▶️ (sink='glimagesink')"
-                                );
                             }
                         }
                         Error(e) => error!(
@@ -185,16 +217,23 @@ impl MonitorWindow {
 
         pipeline.set_state(gst::State::Playing)?;
 
-        Ok(Self { _pipeline: pipeline, src })
+        Ok(Self {
+            _pipeline: pipeline,
+            src,
+        })
     }
 
     /// Feed one access-unit to the decoder.
     pub fn push_packet(&self, pkt: VideoPacket) {
-        static CNT : std::sync::atomic::AtomicU64 =
+        static CNT: std::sync::atomic::AtomicU64 = std::sync::atomic::AtomicU64::new(0);
-            std::sync::atomic::AtomicU64::new(0);
         let n = CNT.fetch_add(1, std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Relaxed);
         if n % 150 == 0 || n < 10 {
-            debug!(eye = pkt.id, bytes = pkt.data.len(), pts = pkt.pts, "⬇️  received video AU");
+            debug!(
+                eye = pkt.id,
+                bytes = pkt.data.len(),
+                pts = pkt.pts,
+                "⬇️  received video AU"
+            );
         }
         let mut buf = gst::Buffer::from_slice(pkt.data);
         buf.get_mut()

common/proto/lesavka.proto

@@ -11,7 +11,15 @@ message AudioPacket    { uint32 id = 1; uint64 pts = 2; bytes data = 3; }
 
 message ResetUsbReply  { bool ok = 1; } // true = success
 
-message HandshakeSet  { bool camera = 1; bool microphone = 2; }
+message HandshakeSet  {
+  bool camera = 1;
+  bool microphone = 2;
+  string camera_output = 3;
+  string camera_codec = 4;
+  uint32 camera_width = 5;
+  uint32 camera_height = 6;
+  uint32 camera_fps = 7;
+}
 
 message Empty          {}
 

scripts/daemon/lesavka-core.sh

@@ -6,7 +6,258 @@
 set -euo pipefail
 
 log() { printf '[lesavka-core] %s\n' "$*"; }
-cleanup() { echo "" >"$G/UDC" 2>/dev/null || true; }
+
+G=/sys/kernel/config/usb_gadget/lesavka
+
+if [[ -r /etc/lesavka/uvc.env ]]; then
+    # shellcheck disable=SC1091
+    source /etc/lesavka/uvc.env
+fi
+
+find_udc() {
+    ls /sys/class/udc 2>/dev/null | head -n1 || true
+}
+
+udc_state() {
+    local udc="$1"
+    if [[ -z $udc ]]; then
+        echo "unknown"
+        return 0
+    fi
+    cat "/sys/class/udc/$udc/state" 2>/dev/null || echo "unknown"
+}
+
+is_attached_state() {
+    case "$1" in
+        configured|addressed|default|suspended)
+            return 0
+            ;;
+    esac
+    return 1
+}
+
+detach_gadget() {
+    local udc=""
+    udc="$(find_udc)"
+    local state
+    state="$(udc_state "$udc")"
+    case "$state" in
+        configured|addressed|default|suspended)
+            log "detach skipped (state=$state)"
+            return 0
+            ;;
+    esac
+    if [[ -n $udc && -w /sys/class/udc/$udc/soft_connect ]]; then
+        echo 0 >"/sys/class/udc/$udc/soft_connect" 2>/dev/null || true
+    fi
+    if [[ -n ${LESAVKA_DETACH_CLEAR_UDC:-} && -e $G/UDC ]]; then
+        echo "" >"$G/UDC" 2>/dev/null || true
+    fi
+    if [[ -n $udc ]]; then
+        log "detached (state=${state:-unknown})"
+    else
+        log "detached (no UDC)"
+    fi
+}
+
+attach_gadget() {
+    if [[ ! -d $G ]]; then
+        log "gadget path missing; need full setup"
+        return 1
+    fi
+    local udc=""
+    udc="$(find_udc)"
+    if [[ -z $udc ]]; then
+        log "UDC not found; need full setup"
+        return 1
+    fi
+    if [[ -n $udc && -w /sys/class/udc/$udc/soft_connect ]]; then
+        echo 1 >"/sys/class/udc/$udc/soft_connect" 2>/dev/null || true
+    fi
+    if [[ -n ${LESAVKA_ATTACH_WRITE_UDC:-} && -e $G/UDC ]]; then
+        echo "$udc" >"$G/UDC" 2>/dev/null || true
+    fi
+    log "attached to $udc"
+    return 0
+}
+
+case "${1:-}" in
+    --detach)
+        detach_gadget
+        exit 0
+        ;;
+    --detach-hard)
+        LESAVKA_DETACH_CLEAR_UDC=1 detach_gadget
+        exit 0
+        ;;
+    --attach)
+        if attach_gadget; then
+            exit 0
+        fi
+        ;;
+    --help|-h)
+        echo "Usage: $0 [--attach|--detach|--detach-hard]"
+        exit 0
+        ;;
+esac
+
+cleanup() {
+    if [[ -n ${LESAVKA_ALLOW_GADGET_RESET:-} ]]; then
+        LESAVKA_DETACH_CLEAR_UDC=1 detach_gadget
+    else
+        detach_gadget
+    fi
+}
+
+DISABLE_UAC=${LESAVKA_DISABLE_UAC:-}
+DISABLE_UVC=${LESAVKA_DISABLE_UVC:-}
+ALLOW_RESET=${LESAVKA_ALLOW_GADGET_RESET:-}
+UVC_FALLBACK=${LESAVKA_UVC_FALLBACK:-1}
+UVC_STREAMING_INTERVAL=${LESAVKA_UVC_STREAMING_INTERVAL:-1}
+UVC_MAXPACKET=${LESAVKA_UVC_MAXPACKET:-1024}
+UVC_MAXBURST=${LESAVKA_UVC_MAXBURST:-1}
+UVC_INTERVAL=${LESAVKA_UVC_INTERVAL:-}
+UVC_WIDTH=${LESAVKA_UVC_WIDTH:-1280}
+UVC_HEIGHT=${LESAVKA_UVC_HEIGHT:-720}
+UVC_FPS=${LESAVKA_UVC_FPS:-25}
+UVC_DISABLE_IRQ=${LESAVKA_UVC_DISABLE_IRQ:-}
+UVC_BULK=${LESAVKA_UVC_BULK:-}
+UVC_CODEC=${LESAVKA_UVC_CODEC:-yuyv}
+
+uvc_fifo_min() {
+    local path="$1"
+    local raw=""
+    raw="$(cat "$path" 2>/dev/null || true)"
+    if [[ -z $raw ]]; then
+        return 0
+    fi
+    echo "$raw" | tr ', ' '\n' | awk 'NF{print $1}' | awk '
+        $1 > 0 { if (min == "" || $1 < min) min = $1 }
+        END { if (min != "") print min }'
+}
+
+uvc_fifo_min_debugfs() {
+    local path="$1"
+    awk -F': ' '/^g_tx_fifo_size\[/{print $2}' "$path" 2>/dev/null | awk '
+        $1 > 0 { if (min == "" || $1 < min) min = $1 }
+        END { if (min != "") print min }' || true
+}
+
+uvc_fifo_np_debugfs() {
+    local path="$1"
+    awk -F': ' '/^g_np_tx_fifo_size/{print $2; exit}' "$path" 2>/dev/null || true
+}
+
+compute_uvc_payload_cap() {
+    UVC_PAYLOAD_CAP=""
+    UVC_PAYLOAD_SRC=""
+    UVC_PAYLOAD_PCT=""
+    UVC_FIFO_PERIODIC="$(uvc_fifo_min /sys/module/dwc2/parameters/g_tx_fifo_size)"
+    UVC_FIFO_NP="$(uvc_fifo_min /sys/module/dwc2/parameters/g_np_tx_fifo_size)"
+    UVC_FIFO_SRC_PERIODIC=""
+    UVC_FIFO_SRC_NP=""
+    if [[ -n $UVC_FIFO_PERIODIC ]]; then
+        UVC_FIFO_SRC_PERIODIC="dwc2.params"
+    fi
+    if [[ -n $UVC_FIFO_NP ]]; then
+        UVC_FIFO_SRC_NP="dwc2.params"
+    fi
+    UVC_UDC="$(ls /sys/class/udc 2>/dev/null | head -n1 || true)"
+    if [[ -n $UVC_UDC ]]; then
+        local params="/sys/kernel/debug/usb/$UVC_UDC/params"
+        if [[ -r $params ]]; then
+            if [[ -z $UVC_FIFO_PERIODIC ]]; then
+                UVC_FIFO_PERIODIC="$(uvc_fifo_min_debugfs "$params")"
+                if [[ -n $UVC_FIFO_PERIODIC ]]; then
+                    UVC_FIFO_SRC_PERIODIC="debugfs.params"
+                fi
+            fi
+            if [[ -z $UVC_FIFO_NP ]]; then
+                UVC_FIFO_NP="$(uvc_fifo_np_debugfs "$params")"
+                if [[ -n $UVC_FIFO_NP ]]; then
+                    UVC_FIFO_SRC_NP="debugfs.params"
+                fi
+            fi
+        fi
+    fi
+
+    if [[ -n ${LESAVKA_UVC_MAXPAYLOAD_LIMIT:-} ]]; then
+        UVC_PAYLOAD_CAP="${LESAVKA_UVC_MAXPAYLOAD_LIMIT}"
+        UVC_PAYLOAD_SRC="env"
+        UVC_PAYLOAD_PCT=100
+        return
+    fi
+
+    local chosen=""
+    if [[ -n $UVC_BULK ]]; then
+        if [[ -n $UVC_FIFO_NP ]]; then
+            chosen="$UVC_FIFO_NP"
+            UVC_PAYLOAD_SRC="${UVC_FIFO_SRC_NP:-dwc2.g_np_tx_fifo_size}"
+        elif [[ -n $UVC_FIFO_PERIODIC ]]; then
+            chosen="$UVC_FIFO_PERIODIC"
+            UVC_PAYLOAD_SRC="${UVC_FIFO_SRC_PERIODIC:-dwc2.g_tx_fifo_size}"
+        fi
+    else
+        if [[ -n $UVC_FIFO_PERIODIC ]]; then
+            chosen="$UVC_FIFO_PERIODIC"
+            UVC_PAYLOAD_SRC="${UVC_FIFO_SRC_PERIODIC:-dwc2.g_tx_fifo_size}"
+        elif [[ -n $UVC_FIFO_NP ]]; then
+            chosen="$UVC_FIFO_NP"
+            UVC_PAYLOAD_SRC="${UVC_FIFO_SRC_NP:-dwc2.g_np_tx_fifo_size}"
+        fi
+    fi
+
+    if [[ -z $chosen ]]; then
+        return
+    fi
+
+    local pct=${LESAVKA_UVC_LIMIT_PCT:-95}
+    if ((pct < 1)); then
+        pct=1
+    elif ((pct > 100)); then
+        pct=100
+    fi
+    UVC_PAYLOAD_PCT=$pct
+    local bytes=$((chosen * 4))
+    UVC_PAYLOAD_CAP=$((bytes * pct / 100))
+}
+
+compute_uvc_payload_cap
+if [[ -n $UVC_PAYLOAD_CAP && $UVC_PAYLOAD_CAP -gt 0 ]]; then
+    log "UVC fifo periodic=${UVC_FIFO_PERIODIC:-?} np=${UVC_FIFO_NP:-?} cap=${UVC_PAYLOAD_CAP}B pct=${UVC_PAYLOAD_PCT:-?} src=${UVC_PAYLOAD_SRC:-?} udc=${UVC_UDC:-?}"
+    if ((UVC_MAXPACKET > UVC_PAYLOAD_CAP)); then
+        log "clamping UVC maxpacket $UVC_MAXPACKET -> $UVC_PAYLOAD_CAP"
+        UVC_MAXPACKET=$UVC_PAYLOAD_CAP
+    fi
+fi
+if [[ -n $UVC_BULK && $UVC_MAXPACKET -gt 512 ]]; then
+    log "clamping UVC maxpacket $UVC_MAXPACKET -> 512 (bulk)"
+    UVC_MAXPACKET=512
+fi
+if [[ -n ${LESAVKA_UVC_MJPEG:-} ]]; then
+    UVC_CODEC=mjpeg
+fi
+MAX_SPEED=${LESAVKA_MAX_SPEED:-high-speed}
+
+if [[ -z $UVC_INTERVAL ]]; then
+    UVC_INTERVAL=$((10000000 / UVC_FPS))
+fi
+UVC_FRAME_SIZE=${LESAVKA_UVC_FRAME_SIZE:-$((UVC_WIDTH * UVC_HEIGHT * 2))}
+
+wait_for_enum() {
+    local tries=${1:-50}   # 50 x 100ms = 5s
+    UDC_STATE="unknown"
+    UDC_SPEED="unknown"
+    for ((i=0; i<tries; i++)); do
+        UDC_STATE=$(cat "/sys/class/udc/$UDC/state" 2>/dev/null || echo "unknown")
+        UDC_SPEED=$(cat "/sys/class/udc/$UDC/current_speed" 2>/dev/null || echo "unknown")
+        if [[ "$UDC_STATE" != "not attached" && "$UDC_STATE" != "unknown" ]]; then
+            return 0
+        fi
+        sleep 0.1
+    done
+    return 1
+}
 
 exec 2> >(tee -a /tmp/lesavka-core.debug.$(date +%s).log)
 set -x
@@ -21,12 +272,14 @@ grep -q 'dtoverlay=dwc2,dr_mode=peripheral' "$CFG" || echo 'dtoverlay=dwc2,dr_mo
 modprobe dwc2 || { echo "dwc2 not in kernel; abort" >&2; exit 1; }
 modprobe libcomposite || { echo "libcomposite not in kernel; abort" >&2; exit 1; }
 
+if [[ -n ${LESAVKA_RELOAD_UVCVIDEO:-} ]]; then
     modprobe -r uvcvideo 2>/dev/null || true
+fi
 modprobe uvcvideo || { echo "uvcvideo not in kernel; abort" >&2; exit 1; }
 
 udevadm control --reload
 udevadm trigger --subsystem-match=video4linux
-udevadm settle
+udevadm settle --timeout=5 || log "⚠️  udevadm settle timed out"
 
 #──────────────────────────────────────────────────
 # 2.  Wait for UDC device to appear (max 10 s)
@@ -58,23 +311,56 @@ fi
 [[ -n $UDC ]] || { log "❌ UDC not present after manual bind"; exit 1; }
 log "✅ UDC detected: $UDC"
 
+# If a gadget is already configured, avoid tearing it down unless forced.
+if [[ -d $G && -z $ALLOW_RESET ]]; then
+    if [[ -s $G/UDC || -d $G/configs/c.1 ]]; then
+        log "🔒 gadget already configured; skipping reset."
+        log "    Set LESAVKA_ALLOW_GADGET_RESET=1 to force rebuild."
+        attach_gadget || true
+        exit 0
+    fi
+fi
+
+# Guard against lockups: if the gadget is already bound, don't reset unless forced.
+BOUND_UDC=""
+if [[ -r $G/UDC ]]; then
+    BOUND_UDC=$(cat "$G/UDC" 2>/dev/null || true)
+fi
+if [[ -n $BOUND_UDC && -z $ALLOW_RESET ]]; then
+    log "🔒 gadget already bound to '$BOUND_UDC' - refusing reset."
+    log "    Set LESAVKA_ALLOW_GADGET_RESET=1 to force."
+    exit 0
+fi
+
+# Guard against lockups: don't reset gadget while host is attached unless forced.
+UDC_STATE="$(udc_state "$UDC")"
+if [[ -z $ALLOW_RESET ]] && is_attached_state "$UDC_STATE"; then
+    log "🔒 UDC state is '$UDC_STATE' - refusing gadget reset while host attached."
+    log "    Set LESAVKA_ALLOW_GADGET_RESET=1 to force."
+    exit 0
+fi
+
 #──────────────────────────────────────────────────
 # 3.  (Re‑)create gadget
 #──────────────────────────────────────────────────
 mountpoint -q /sys/kernel/config || mount -t configfs none /sys/kernel/config
-G=/sys/kernel/config/usb_gadget/lesavka
 
 if [[ -d $G ]]; then
   echo '' >"$G/UDC" 2>/dev/null || true
   sleep 0.2
-  find "$G/configs" -type l -delete 2>/dev/null || true
+  # configfs doesn't allow unlinking attribute files; remove links then rmdir.
-  rm -rf "$G" 2>/dev/null || true
+  find "$G" -type l -delete 2>/dev/null || true
+  for dir in "$G/functions" "$G/configs" "$G/strings" "$G/os_desc" "$G/webusb"; do
+    [[ -d $dir ]] || continue
+    find "$dir" -mindepth 1 -depth -type d -exec rmdir {} \; 2>/dev/null || true
+  done
 fi
 
 mkdir -p "$G"
 echo 0x1d6b >"$G/idVendor"       # Linux Foundation
 echo 0x0104 >"$G/idProduct"      # Multifunction Composite Gadget
 echo 0x0200 >"$G/bcdUSB"
+echo "$MAX_SPEED" >"$G/max_speed"
 
 mkdir -p "$G/strings/0x409"
 echo "$(cat /proc/sys/kernel/random/uuid)" >"$G/strings/0x409/serialnumber"
@@ -103,6 +389,7 @@ printf '\x05\x01\x09\x02\xa1\x01\x09\x01\xa1\x00'\
 '\x05\x01\x09\x30\x09\x31\x09\x38\x15\x81\x25\x7f\x75\x08\x95\x03\x81\x06'\
 '\xc0\xc0' >"$G/functions/hid.usb1/report_desc"
 
+if [[ -z $DISABLE_UAC ]]; then
   # ---------- UAC2 function - speaker + mic, 2×48 kHz stereo ---------
   mkdir -p "$G/functions/uac2.usb0"
   U="$G/functions/uac2.usb0"
@@ -116,100 +403,120 @@ echo 48000   >"$U/c_srate"
   echo 2       >"$U/c_ssize"
   # Optional: allocate a few extra request buffers
   echo 32      >"$U/req_number" 2>/dev/null || true
+else
+  log "🔇 UAC2 disabled (LESAVKA_DISABLE_UAC set)"
+fi
 
+if [[ -z $DISABLE_UVC ]]; then
   # ----------------------- UVC function (usb‑video) ------------------
   mkdir -p "$G/functions/uvc.usb0"
   F="$G/functions/uvc.usb0"
+  echo "$UVC_STREAMING_INTERVAL" >"$F/streaming_interval"
+  echo "$UVC_MAXPACKET" >"$F/streaming_maxpacket"
+  echo "$UVC_MAXBURST" >"$F/streaming_maxburst"
+  if [[ -n $UVC_BULK ]]; then
+    echo 1 >"$F/streaming_bulk" 2>/dev/null || true
+  fi
 
-# ── 1.  FORMAT DESCRIPTOR (uncompressed YUY2, 16 bpp) ──────────────
+# ── 1.  FORMAT DESCRIPTOR ──────────────────────────────────────────
-mkdir -p "$F/streaming/uncompressed/u"
+  if [[ "$UVC_CODEC" == "mjpeg" ]]; then
-# GUID = {59555932-0000-0010-8000-00aa00389b71} (“YUY2”) little‑endian
+    mkdir -p "$F/streaming/mjpeg/m"
+    echo 1 >"$F/streaming/mjpeg/m/bDefaultFrameIndex" 2>/dev/null || true
+    echo 0 >"$F/streaming/mjpeg/m/bmaControls" 2>/dev/null || true
+
+    mkdir -p "$F/streaming/mjpeg/m/720p"
+    echo 0 >"$F/streaming/mjpeg/m/720p/bmCapabilities"
+    echo "$UVC_WIDTH"  >"$F/streaming/mjpeg/m/720p/wWidth"
+    echo "$UVC_HEIGHT" >"$F/streaming/mjpeg/m/720p/wHeight"
+    echo "$UVC_FRAME_SIZE" >"$F/streaming/mjpeg/m/720p/dwMaxVideoFrameBufferSize"
+    echo "$UVC_INTERVAL" >"$F/streaming/mjpeg/m/720p/dwDefaultFrameInterval"
+    cat <<EOF >"$F/streaming/mjpeg/m/720p/dwFrameInterval"
+${UVC_INTERVAL}
+$((UVC_INTERVAL * 2))
+EOF
+  else
+    # uncompressed YUY2, 16 bpp
+    mkdir -p "$F/streaming/uncompressed/yuyv"
+    # GUID = {59555932-0000-0010-8000-00aa00389b71} (“YUY2”) little-endian
     printf '\x59\x55\x59\x32\x00\x00\x10\x00\x80\x00\x00\xaa\x00\x38\x9b\x71' \
-      >"$F/streaming/uncompressed/u/guidFormat"
+        >"$F/streaming/uncompressed/yuyv/guidFormat"
-echo 16  >"$F/streaming/uncompressed/u/bBitsPerPixel"
+    echo 16  >"$F/streaming/uncompressed/yuyv/bBitsPerPixel"
 
-# ── 2.  FRAME DESCRIPTOR (index 1 @ 30 fps) ────────────────────────
+    mkdir -p "$F/streaming/uncompressed/yuyv/480p"
-mkdir -p "$F/streaming/uncompressed/u/f1"
+    echo "$UVC_WIDTH"  >"$F/streaming/uncompressed/yuyv/480p/wWidth"
-echo 1280    >"$F/streaming/uncompressed/u/f1/wWidth"
+    echo "$UVC_HEIGHT" >"$F/streaming/uncompressed/yuyv/480p/wHeight"
-echo 720     >"$F/streaming/uncompressed/u/f1/wHeight"
+    echo "$UVC_FRAME_SIZE" >"$F/streaming/uncompressed/yuyv/480p/dwMaxVideoFrameBufferSize"
-echo 1843200 >"$F/streaming/uncompressed/u/f1/dwMaxVideoFrameBufferSize"
+    echo "$UVC_INTERVAL" >"$F/streaming/uncompressed/yuyv/480p/dwDefaultFrameInterval"
-echo 333333  >"$F/streaming/uncompressed/u/f1/dwDefaultFrameInterval"  # 30 fps
+    cat <<EOF >"$F/streaming/uncompressed/yuyv/480p/dwFrameInterval"
-echo 333333  >"$F/streaming/uncompressed/u/f1/dwFrameInterval"
+${UVC_INTERVAL}
+$((UVC_INTERVAL * 2))
+EOF
+  fi
 
-# ── 3.  REQUIRED HEADER LINKS  (absolute‑paths, no “1”)  ──────────────
+# ── 3.  REQUIRED HEADER LINKS (per UVC gadget docs) ────────────────
-header_h="$F/streaming/header/h"          # convenience variables
+  mkdir -p "$F/streaming/header/h"
-fmt_dir="$F/streaming/uncompressed/u"
+  pushd "$F/streaming/header/h" >/dev/null
+  if [[ "$UVC_CODEC" == "mjpeg" ]]; then
+      ln -s ../../mjpeg/m mjpeg
+  else
+      ln -s ../../uncompressed/yuyv yuyv
+  fi
+  popd >/dev/null
 
-mkdir -p "$header_h"
-
-# wait until the kernel has rebuilt the directory and added its attribute
-# files (bmInfo is always created by the driver)
-for _ in {1..50}; do
-    [ -e "$header_h/bmInfo" ] && break
-    sleep 0.010          # max 0.5 s total
-done
-
-# ABSOLUTE symlink → no relative elements, name is “fmt” (not “1”)
-ln -sf "$fmt_dir"  "$header_h/fmt"
-# echo 1 >"$header_h/bNumFormats"
-# echo 0 >"$header_h/bmInfo"
-
-# per‑speed class directories (absolute links)
   for s in fs hs ss; do
       mkdir -p "$F/streaming/class/$s"
-    ln -sf "$header_h"  "$F/streaming/class/$s/h"
+      pushd "$F/streaming/class/$s" >/dev/null
+      ln -s ../../header/h h
+      popd >/dev/null
   done
 
 # ── 4.  Video‑Control interface ─────────────────────────────────────
-mkdir -p "$F/control/header/h"                    # real dir – mandatory
+  mkdir -p "$F/control/header/h"
-mkdir -p "$F/control/class"                       # parent once
+  set +e
-
-echo "[lesavka-core] ★ directory tree just before links:"
-tree -L 3 "$F/control" | sed 's/^/[lesavka-core]  /'
-
   for s in fs hs ss; do
-    # ensure the per‑speed dir exists (created by kernel)
+      mkdir -p "$F/control/class/$s" 2>/dev/null || continue
-    mkdir -p   "$F/control/class/$s"      # harmless if already there
+      pushd "$F/control/class/$s" >/dev/null
-
+      ln -s ../../header/h h 2>/dev/null || true
-    # create the mandatory *symlink inside* that directory:
+      popd >/dev/null
-    ln -snf ../../header/h  "$F/control/class/$s/h"
   done
+  set -e
 
-for s in fs hs ss; do
+  if [[ -n $UVC_DISABLE_IRQ ]]; then
-    [ -L "$F/control/class/$s/h" ] || {
+    echo 0 >"$F/control/enable_interrupt_ep" 2>/dev/null || true
-        echo "[lesavka‑core] ❌ $s/h link missing, aborting" >&2
+  fi
-        exit 1
-    }
-done
-
-echo "[lesavka-core] ★ directory tree just before bind:"
-tree -L 3 "$F/control" | sed 's/^/[lesavka-core]  /'
-
-for s in fs hs ss; do
-    [ -L "$F/control/class/$s" ] || {
-        echo "[lesavka-core] ❌ $s link missing, gadget aborting" >&2
-        exit 1
-    }
-done
 
 # optional: hide unsupported controls
   echo 0 >"$F/control/terminal/camera/default/bmControls"    2>/dev/null || true
   echo 0 >"$F/control/processing/default/bmControls"         2>/dev/null || true
 
 # friendly label
-mkdir -p "$F/control/header/strings/0x409"
+  mkdir -p "$F/control/header/h/strings/0x409" 2>/dev/null || true
-echo "Lesavka UVC" >"$F/control/header/strings/0x409/label"
+  echo "Lesavka UVC" >"$F/control/header/h/strings/0x409/label" 2>/dev/null || true
+else
+  log "📷 UVC disabled (LESAVKA_DISABLE_UVC set)"
+fi
 
 # ----------------------- configuration -----------------------------
 mkdir -p "$G/configs/c.1/strings/0x409"
 echo 500 > "$G/configs/c.1/MaxPower"
 # echo "Config 1" > "$G/configs/c.1/strings/0x409/configuration"
-echo "Config 1: HID + UAC2" >"$G/configs/c.1/strings/0x409/configuration"
+config_label="Config 1: HID"
+if [[ -z $DISABLE_UAC ]]; then
+  config_label+=" + UAC2"
+fi
+if [[ -z $DISABLE_UVC ]]; then
+  config_label+=" + UVC"
+fi
+echo "$config_label" >"$G/configs/c.1/strings/0x409/configuration"
 
 ln -s  $G/functions/hid.usb0  $G/configs/c.1/
 ln -s  $G/functions/hid.usb1  $G/configs/c.1/
+if [[ -z $DISABLE_UAC ]]; then
   ln -s  $U                   $G/configs/c.1/
+fi
+if [[ -z $DISABLE_UVC ]]; then
   ln -s  $G/functions/uvc.usb0  $G/configs/c.1/
+fi
 
 # mkdir -p $G/functions/hid.usb0/os_desc
 # mkdir -p $G/functions/hid.usb1/os_desc
@@ -232,6 +539,19 @@ ln -s  $G/functions/uvc.usb0  $G/configs/c.1/
 # 4.  Bind gadget
 #──────────────────────────────────────────────────
 echo "$UDC" >"$G/UDC"
-log "🎉 gadget bound on $UDC (hidg0, hidg1, UAC2 L+R, UVC)"
+parts="hidg0,hidg1"
+[[ -z $DISABLE_UAC ]] && parts+=",UAC2"
+[[ -z $DISABLE_UVC ]] && parts+=",UVC"
+log "🎉 gadget bound on $UDC ($parts)"
+
+if wait_for_enum 50; then
+    log "✅ UDC state is '$UDC_STATE' (speed=$UDC_SPEED)"
+else
+    log "⚠️  UDC state is '$UDC_STATE' (speed=$UDC_SPEED). Host not enumerated."
+    if [[ -z $DISABLE_UVC && "$UVC_FALLBACK" != "0" ]]; then
+        log "♻️  retrying without UVC (LESAVKA_UVC_FALLBACK=0 to disable)"
+        exec env LESAVKA_DISABLE_UVC=1 LESAVKA_UVC_FALLBACK=0 "$0"
+    fi
+fi
 
 exit 0

scripts/daemon/lesavka-hw-watchdog.py

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+import os
+import signal
+import time
+
+path = os.environ.get("LESAVKA_WATCHDOG_DEV", "/dev/watchdog")
+interval = float(os.environ.get("LESAVKA_WATCHDOG_INTERVAL", "5"))
+
+fd = os.open(path, os.O_WRONLY)
+
+running = True
+
+
+def handle(_sig, _frame):
+    global running
+    running = False
+
+
+signal.signal(signal.SIGTERM, handle)
+signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, handle)
+
+try:
+    while running:
+        os.write(fd, b"\0")
+        time.sleep(interval)
+finally:
+    try:
+        os.write(fd, b"V")
+    except Exception:
+        pass
+    os.close(fd)

scripts/daemon/lesavka-hw-watchdog.service

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+[Unit]
+Description=Lesavka hardware watchdog
+ConditionPathExists=/dev/watchdog
+
+[Service]
+Type=simple
+ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/lesavka-hw-watchdog.py
+Restart=always
+RestartSec=2
+KillMode=process
+
+[Install]
+WantedBy=multi-user.target

scripts/daemon/lesavka-uvc.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# scripts/daemon/lesavka-uvc.sh - launch UVC control helper as a standalone service
+set -euo pipefail
+
+DEV=${LESAVKA_UVC_DEV:-/dev/v4l/by-path/platform-1000480000.usb-video-index0}
+if [[ ! -e "$DEV" ]]; then
+    DEV=/dev/video0
+fi
+
+exec /usr/local/bin/lesavka-uvc --device "$DEV"

scripts/daemon/lesavka-watchdog.service

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+[Unit]
+Description=Lesavka reboot watchdog
+ConditionPathExists=!/etc/lesavka/no-reboot
+
+[Service]
+Type=oneshot
+ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/lesavka-watchdog.sh
+
+[Install]
+WantedBy=multi-user.target

scripts/daemon/lesavka-watchdog.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+set -euo pipefail
+
+HEARTBEAT=/etc/lesavka/watchdog.touch
+MAX_AGE_SEC=${LESAVKA_WATCHDOG_MAX_AGE:-840}
+
+if [[ -f /etc/lesavka/no-reboot ]]; then
+    exit 0
+fi
+
+now=$(date +%s)
+if [[ ! -f "$HEARTBEAT" ]]; then
+    logger -t lesavka-watchdog "no heartbeat file; rebooting"
+    systemctl --no-wall reboot
+    exit 0
+fi
+
+mtime=$(stat -c %Y "$HEARTBEAT" 2>/dev/null || echo 0)
+age=$((now - mtime))
+if (( age > MAX_AGE_SEC )); then
+    logger -t lesavka-watchdog "heartbeat stale (${age}s); rebooting"
+    systemctl --no-wall reboot
+fi

scripts/daemon/lesavka-watchdog.timer

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+[Unit]
+Description=Lesavka reboot watchdog timer
+
+[Timer]
+OnBootSec=15min
+OnUnitActiveSec=15min
+AccuracySec=30s
+Persistent=true
+
+[Install]
+WantedBy=timers.target

scripts/install/client.sh

@@ -5,8 +5,20 @@ set -euo pipefail
 ORIG_USER=${SUDO_USER:-$(id -un)}
 
 # 1. packages (Arch)
-sudo pacman -Syq --needed --noconfirm git rustup protobuf gcc evtest gstreamer gst-plugins-base gst-plugins-good gst-plugins-bad gst-plugins-ugly gst-libav pipewire pipewire-pulse
+sudo pacman -Syq --needed --noconfirm \
-yay -S --noconfirm grpcurl-bin
+  git rustup protobuf gcc clang evtest base-devel \
+  gstreamer gst-plugins-base gst-plugins-good gst-plugins-bad gst-plugins-ugly gst-libav \
+  pipewire pipewire-pulse \
+  wmctrl qt6-tools
+
+# 1b. yay for AUR bits (run as the invoking user, never root)
+if ! command -v yay >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+  sudo -u "$ORIG_USER" bash -c 'cd /tmp && git clone --depth 1 https://aur.archlinux.org/yay.git &&
+                                cd yay && makepkg -si --noconfirm'
+fi
+sudo -u "$ORIG_USER" yay -S --needed --noconfirm grpcurl-bin
+
+# 1c. input access
 sudo usermod -aG input "$ORIG_USER"
 
 # 2. Rust tool-chain for both root & user
@@ -14,7 +26,9 @@ sudo rustup default stable
 sudo -u "$ORIG_USER" rustup default stable
 
 # 3. clone / update into a user-writable dir
-SRC="$HOME/.local/src/lesavka"
+USER_HOME=$(getent passwd "$ORIG_USER" | cut -d: -f6)
+SRC="$USER_HOME/.local/src/lesavka"
+sudo -u "$ORIG_USER" mkdir -p "$(dirname "$SRC")"
 if [[ -d $SRC/.git ]]; then
   sudo -u "$ORIG_USER" git -C "$SRC" pull --ff-only
 else
@@ -41,7 +55,7 @@ Group=root
 
 Environment=RUST_LOG=debug
 Environment=LESAVKA_DEV_MODE=1
-Environment=LESAVKA_SERVER_ADDR=http://64.25.10.31:50051
+Environment=LESAVKA_SERVER_ADDR=http://38.28.125.112:50051
 
 ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/lesavka-client
 Restart=no

scripts/install/server.sh

@@ -5,6 +5,25 @@ ORIG_USER=${SUDO_USER:-$(id -un)}
 
 REF=${LESAVKA_REF:-master}        # fallback
 
+udc_state() {
+  local udc=""
+  udc=$(ls /sys/class/udc 2>/dev/null | head -n1 || true)
+  if [[ -z $udc ]]; then
+    echo "unknown"
+    return 0
+  fi
+  cat "/sys/class/udc/$udc/state" 2>/dev/null || echo "unknown"
+}
+
+is_attached_state() {
+  case "$1" in
+    configured|addressed|default|suspended|unknown)
+      return 0
+      ;;
+  esac
+  return 1
+}
+
 while [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; do
   case $1 in
     -r|--ref) REF="$2"; shift 2 ;;
@@ -20,10 +39,12 @@ sudo pacman -Syq --needed --noconfirm git \
                                       rustup \
                                       protobuf \
                                       gcc \
+                                      alsa-utils \
                                       pipewire \
                                       pipewire-pulse \
                                       tailscale \
                                       base-devel \
+                                      v4l-utils \
                                       gstreamer \
                                       gst-plugins-base \
                                       gst-plugins-base-libs \
@@ -42,18 +63,40 @@ if ! command -v yay >/dev/null 2>&1; then
 fi
 # yay -S --noconfirm grpcurl-bin
 
+echo "==> 1c. GPIO permissions for relay"
+echo 'z /dev/gpiochip* 0660 root gpio -' | sudo tee /etc/tmpfiles.d/gpiochip.conf >/dev/null
+sudo systemd-tmpfiles --create /etc/tmpfiles.d/gpiochip.conf || true
+
 echo "==> 2a. Kernel-driver tweaks"
 cat <<'EOF' | sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/gc311-stream.conf >/dev/null
 options uvcvideo quirks=0x200 timeout=10000
 EOF
 
 echo "==> 2b. Predictable /dev names for each capture card"
-# probe all v4l2 devices, keep only the two GC311 capture cards
+# ensure relay (GPIO power) is on if present
+if systemctl list-unit-files | grep -q '^relay.service'; then
+  sudo systemctl enable --now relay.service
+  sleep 2
+fi
+
+# probe v4l2 devices for GC311s (07ca:3311)
 mapfile -t GC_VIDEOS < <(
-    sudo v4l2-ctl --list-devices |
+    sudo v4l2-ctl --list-devices 2>/dev/null |
         awk '/Live Gamer MINI/{getline; print $1}'
 )
 
+# fallback via udev if v4l2-ctl output is empty/partial
+if [ "${#GC_VIDEOS[@]}" -ne 2 ]; then
+    mapfile -t GC_VIDEOS < <(
+        for dev in /dev/video*; do
+            props=$(sudo udevadm info -q property -n "$dev" 2>/dev/null || true)
+            if echo "$props" | grep -q 'ID_VENDOR_ID=07ca' && echo "$props" | grep -q 'ID_MODEL_ID=3311'; then
+                echo "$dev"
+            fi
+        done | sort -u
+    )
+fi
+
 if [ "${#GC_VIDEOS[@]}" -ne 2 ]; then
     echo "❌  Exactly two GC311 capture cards (index0) must be attached!" >&2
     printf '   Detected: %s\n' "${GC_VIDEOS[@]}"
@@ -89,7 +132,7 @@ sudo -u "$ORIG_USER" rustup default stable
 
 echo "==> 4a. Source checkout"
 SRC_DIR=/var/src/lesavka
-REPO_URL=ssh://git@scm.bstein.dev:2242/brad_stein/lesavka.git
+REPO_URL=ssh://git@scm.bstein.dev:2242/bstein/lesavka.git
 if [[ ! -d $SRC_DIR ]]; then
   sudo mkdir -p /var/src
   sudo chown "$ORIG_USER":"$ORIG_USER" /var/src
@@ -106,12 +149,23 @@ else
   sudo -u "$ORIG_USER" git -C "$SRC_DIR" checkout --force "$REF"
 fi
 
-echo "==> 4b. Source build"
+echo "==> 4b. Kernel upgrade (optional)"
-sudo -u "$ORIG_USER" bash -c "cd '$SRC_DIR/server' && cargo clean && cargo build --release"
+if [[ "${LESAVKA_KERNEL_UPDATE:-1}" != "0" ]]; then
+  sudo LESAVKA_KERNEL_BUILD_USER="$ORIG_USER" "$SRC_DIR/scripts/kernel/build-linux-rpi.sh"
+else
+  echo "⚠️  skipping kernel upgrade (LESAVKA_KERNEL_UPDATE=0)"
+fi
+
+echo "==> 4c. Source build"
+sudo -u "$ORIG_USER" bash -c "cd '$SRC_DIR/server' && cargo clean && cargo build --release --bins"
 
 echo "==> 5. Install binaries"
 sudo install -Dm755 "$SRC_DIR/server/target/release/lesavka-server" /usr/local/bin/lesavka-server
+sudo install -Dm755 "$SRC_DIR/server/target/release/lesavka-uvc"    /usr/local/bin/lesavka-uvc
 sudo install -Dm755 "$SRC_DIR/scripts/daemon/lesavka-core.sh"       /usr/local/bin/lesavka-core.sh
+sudo install -Dm755 "$SRC_DIR/scripts/daemon/lesavka-uvc.sh"        /usr/local/bin/lesavka-uvc.sh
+sudo install -Dm755 "$SRC_DIR/scripts/daemon/lesavka-watchdog.sh"   /usr/local/bin/lesavka-watchdog.sh
+sudo install -Dm755 "$SRC_DIR/scripts/daemon/lesavka-hw-watchdog.py" /usr/local/bin/lesavka-hw-watchdog.py
 
 echo "==> 6a. Systemd units - lesavka-core"
 cat <<'UNIT' | sudo tee /etc/systemd/system/lesavka-core.service >/dev/null
@@ -124,7 +178,10 @@ Requires=sys-kernel-config.mount
 Type=oneshot
 ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/lesavka-core.sh
 RemainAfterExit=yes
-CapabilityBoundingSet=CAP_SYS_ADMIN
+Environment=LESAVKA_UVC_FALLBACK=0
+Environment=LESAVKA_UVC_CODEC=mjpeg
+CapabilityBoundingSet=CAP_SYS_ADMIN CAP_SYS_MODULE
+AmbientCapabilities=CAP_SYS_MODULE
 MountFlags=slave
 
 [Install]
@@ -136,18 +193,24 @@ cat <<'UNIT' | sudo tee /etc/systemd/system/lesavka-server.service >/dev/null
 [Unit]
 Description=lesavka gRPC relay
 After=network.target lesavka-core.service
+StartLimitIntervalSec=30
+StartLimitBurst=10
 
 [Service]
+ExecStartPre=/usr/local/bin/lesavka-core.sh --attach
 ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/lesavka-server
+TimeoutStopSec=10
+KillSignal=SIGTERM
+KillMode=process
 Restart=always
 Environment=RUST_LOG=lesavka_server=info,lesavka_server::audio=info,lesavka_server::video=debug,lesavka_server::gadget=info
 Environment=RUST_BACKTRACE=1
 Environment=GST_DEBUG="*:2,alsasink:6,alsasrc:6"
+Environment=LESAVKA_UVC_CODEC=mjpeg
+Environment=LESAVKA_UVC_EXTERNAL=1
 Restart=always
 RestartSec=5
 StandardError=append:/tmp/lesavka-server.stderr
-StartLimitIntervalSec=30
-StartLimitBurst=10
 User=root
 
 [Install]
@@ -157,10 +220,95 @@ UNIT
 echo "==> 6c. Systemd units - initialization"
 sudo truncate -s 0 /tmp/lesavka-server.log
 sudo systemctl daemon-reload
-sudo systemctl enable --now lesavka-core
+sudo systemctl enable lesavka-core lesavka-uvc lesavka-server
+
+UDC_STATE=$(udc_state)
+if [[ -n ${LESAVKA_ALLOW_GADGET_RESET:-} ]] || ! is_attached_state "$UDC_STATE"; then
   sudo systemctl restart lesavka-core
   echo "✅  lesavka-core installed and restarted..."
+else
+  echo "⚠️  UDC state is '$UDC_STATE' - skipping lesavka-core restart."
+  echo "    Set LESAVKA_ALLOW_GADGET_RESET=1 to force."
+fi
+
+cat <<'UNIT' | sudo tee /etc/systemd/system/lesavka-uvc.service >/dev/null
+[Unit]
+Description=lesavka UVC control helper
+After=lesavka-core.service
+Requires=lesavka-core.service
+RefuseManualStop=yes
+
+[Service]
+ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/lesavka-uvc.sh
+Restart=always
+RestartSec=2
+KillSignal=SIGTERM
+KillMode=process
+TimeoutStopSec=10
+StandardError=append:/tmp/lesavka-uvc.stderr
+User=root
+
+[Install]
+WantedBy=multi-user.target
+UNIT
+
+echo "==> 6d. Systemd units - watchdogs"
+cat <<'UNIT' | sudo tee /etc/systemd/system/lesavka-watchdog.service >/dev/null
+[Unit]
+Description=Lesavka reboot watchdog
+ConditionPathExists=!/etc/lesavka/no-reboot
+
+[Service]
+Type=oneshot
+ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/lesavka-watchdog.sh
+
+[Install]
+WantedBy=multi-user.target
+UNIT
+
+cat <<'UNIT' | sudo tee /etc/systemd/system/lesavka-watchdog.timer >/dev/null
+[Unit]
+Description=Lesavka reboot watchdog timer
+
+[Timer]
+OnBootSec=15min
+OnUnitActiveSec=15min
+AccuracySec=30s
+Persistent=true
+
+[Install]
+WantedBy=timers.target
+UNIT
+
+cat <<'UNIT' | sudo tee /etc/systemd/system/lesavka-hw-watchdog.service >/dev/null
+[Unit]
+Description=Lesavka hardware watchdog
+ConditionPathExists=/dev/watchdog
+
+[Service]
+Type=simple
+ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/lesavka-hw-watchdog.py
+Restart=always
+RestartSec=2
+KillMode=process
+
+[Install]
+WantedBy=multi-user.target
+UNIT
+
+sudo install -d /etc/lesavka
+sudo touch /etc/lesavka/watchdog.touch
+
+sudo systemctl daemon-reload
+sudo systemctl enable --now lesavka-hw-watchdog
+sudo systemctl enable --now lesavka-watchdog.timer
+
+if [[ -n ${LESAVKA_ALLOW_GADGET_RESET:-} ]] || ! is_attached_state "$UDC_STATE"; then
+  sudo systemctl restart lesavka-uvc
+  echo "✅  lesavka-uvc installed and restarted..."
+else
+  echo "⚠️  UDC state is '$UDC_STATE' - skipping lesavka-uvc restart."
+fi
 
-sudo systemctl enable --now lesavka-server
 sudo systemctl restart lesavka-server
 echo "✅  lesavka-server installed and restarted..."

scripts/kernel/build-linux-rpi.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# build-linux-rpi.sh - build/install a newer linux-rpi from rpi-6.18.y
+set -euo pipefail
+
+if [[ ${EUID:-0} -ne 0 ]]; then
+  echo "run as root (sudo) to install build deps and kernel packages" >&2
+  exit 1
+fi
+
+BUILD_USER=${LESAVKA_KERNEL_BUILD_USER:-${SUDO_USER:-$(id -un)}}
+if [[ -z $BUILD_USER || $BUILD_USER == root ]]; then
+  echo "missing non-root build user; set LESAVKA_KERNEL_BUILD_USER" >&2
+  exit 1
+fi
+
+KERNEL_REPO=${LESAVKA_KERNEL_REPO:-https://github.com/raspberrypi/linux.git}
+KERNEL_BRANCH=${LESAVKA_KERNEL_BRANCH:-rpi-6.18.y}
+KERNEL_COMMIT=${LESAVKA_KERNEL_COMMIT:-}
+PKGBUILD_REPO=${LESAVKA_KERNEL_PKG_REPO:-https://github.com/archlinuxarm/PKGBUILDs.git}
+BUILD_ROOT=${LESAVKA_KERNEL_BUILD_ROOT:-/var/tmp/lesavka-linux-rpi}
+PKGREL=${LESAVKA_KERNEL_PKGREL:-2}
+JOBS=${LESAVKA_KERNEL_JOBS:-2}
+SCRIPT_DIR=$(cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" && pwd)
+PATCH_DIR=${LESAVKA_KERNEL_PATCH_DIR:-$SCRIPT_DIR}
+PATCH_DWC2_FIFO=${LESAVKA_KERNEL_PATCH_DWC2_FIFO:-}
+PATCH_UVC_BULK=${LESAVKA_KERNEL_PATCH_UVC_BULK:-}
+PATCH_UVC_DEBUG=${LESAVKA_KERNEL_PATCH_UVC_DEBUG:-}
+
+HEARTBEAT=/etc/lesavka/watchdog.touch
+if [[ -w $HEARTBEAT && -z ${LESAVKA_DISABLE_KEEPALIVE:-} ]]; then
+  (while true; do touch "$HEARTBEAT"; sleep 600; done) &
+  KEEPALIVE_PID=$!
+  trap 'kill $KEEPALIVE_PID' EXIT
+fi
+
+if [[ -z $KERNEL_COMMIT ]]; then
+  KERNEL_COMMIT=$(git ls-remote "$KERNEL_REPO" "refs/heads/$KERNEL_BRANCH" | awk '{print $1}')
+fi
+if [[ -z $KERNEL_COMMIT ]]; then
+  echo "failed to resolve kernel commit for $KERNEL_BRANCH" >&2
+  exit 1
+fi
+
+KERNEL_VERSION=$(
+  curl -fsSL "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/raspberrypi/linux/$KERNEL_COMMIT/Makefile" |
+    awk -F' = ' '
+      /^VERSION =/ {v=$2}
+      /^PATCHLEVEL =/ {p=$2}
+      /^SUBLEVEL =/ {s=$2}
+      END { if (v && p && s) print v "." p "." s }'
+)
+if [[ -z $KERNEL_VERSION ]]; then
+  echo "failed to determine kernel version from $KERNEL_COMMIT" >&2
+  exit 1
+fi
+
+TARGET_VERSION="${KERNEL_VERSION}-${PKGREL}"
+INSTALLED_VERSION=$(pacman -Qi linux-rpi 2>/dev/null | awk -F': ' '/Version/{print $2}')
+if [[ -n $INSTALLED_VERSION && $INSTALLED_VERSION == "$TARGET_VERSION"* ]]; then
+  echo "linux-rpi already at $TARGET_VERSION"
+  exit 0
+fi
+
+echo "==> Building linux-rpi $KERNEL_VERSION ($KERNEL_COMMIT) pkgrel=$PKGREL"
+
+pacman -Sy --needed --noconfirm git bc kmod inetutils base-devel
+
+rm -rf "$BUILD_ROOT"
+mkdir -p "$BUILD_ROOT"
+chown "$BUILD_USER":"$BUILD_USER" "$BUILD_ROOT"
+
+sudo -u "$BUILD_USER" git clone --depth 1 "$PKGBUILD_REPO" "$BUILD_ROOT/PKGBUILDs"
+cp -a "$BUILD_ROOT/PKGBUILDs/core/linux-rpi" "$BUILD_ROOT/linux-rpi"
+chown -R "$BUILD_USER":"$BUILD_USER" "$BUILD_ROOT/linux-rpi"
+
+sudo -u "$BUILD_USER" bash -c "
+  set -euo pipefail
+  cd '$BUILD_ROOT/linux-rpi'
+  sed -i 's/^pkgver=.*/pkgver=$KERNEL_VERSION/' PKGBUILD
+  sed -i 's/^pkgrel=.*/pkgrel=$PKGREL/' PKGBUILD
+  sed -i 's/^_commit=.*/_commit=$KERNEL_COMMIT/' PKGBUILD
+  makepkg -g > /tmp/lesavka-kernel.sums
+"
+
+sudo -u "$BUILD_USER" BUILD_ROOT="$BUILD_ROOT" python - <<'PY'
+import re
+from pathlib import Path
+import os
+
+root = Path(os.environ["BUILD_ROOT"])
+pkgbuild = root / "linux-rpi" / "PKGBUILD"
+sums = Path("/tmp/lesavka-kernel.sums").read_text().splitlines()
+text = pkgbuild.read_text()
+for line in sums:
+    if not line.startswith("sha256sums"):
+        continue
+    key = line.split("=", 1)[0]
+    text = re.sub(rf"^{re.escape(key)}=.*$", line, text, flags=re.M)
+pkgbuild.write_text(text)
+PY
+
+MAKEPKG_EXTRA=""
+KERNEL_SRC="$BUILD_ROOT/linux-rpi/src/linux-$KERNEL_COMMIT"
+PATCHES=()
+if [[ -n $PATCH_DWC2_FIFO ]]; then
+  PATCHES+=("dwc2-fifo.patch")
+fi
+if [[ -n $PATCH_UVC_BULK ]]; then
+  PATCHES+=("uvc-bulk.patch")
+fi
+if [[ -n $PATCH_UVC_DEBUG ]]; then
+  PATCHES+=("uvc-debug.patch")
+fi
+if [[ ${#PATCHES[@]} -gt 0 ]]; then
+  sudo -u "$BUILD_USER" bash -c "
+    set -euo pipefail
+    cd '$BUILD_ROOT/linux-rpi'
+    MAKEFLAGS='-j$JOBS' makepkg -o --noconfirm
+  "
+  sudo -u "$BUILD_USER" bash -c "
+    set -euo pipefail
+    src='$KERNEL_SRC'
+    if [[ ! -d \$src ]]; then
+      echo \"missing kernel source \$src\" >&2
+      exit 1
+    fi
+    cd \"\$src\"
+    for patch in ${PATCHES[*]}; do
+      patch_file='$PATCH_DIR/'\"\$patch\"
+      if [[ ! -f \$patch_file ]]; then
+        echo \"missing patch \$patch_file\" >&2
+        exit 1
+      fi
+      case \"\$patch\" in
+        dwc2-fifo.patch)
+          if grep -q 'dwc2_check_param_fifo_total' \"drivers/usb/dwc2/params.c\"; then
+            echo \"dwc2-fifo patch already applied\"
+            continue
+          fi
+          ;;
+        uvc-bulk.patch)
+          if grep -q 'streaming_bulk' \"drivers/usb/gadget/function/uvc_configfs.c\"; then
+            echo \"uvc-bulk patch already applied\"
+            continue
+          fi
+          ;;
+        uvc-debug.patch)
+          if grep -q 'uvcg_video_enable: missing uvc/func/config' \
+            \"drivers/usb/gadget/function/uvc_video.c\"; then
+            echo \"uvc-debug patch already applied\"
+            continue
+          fi
+          ;;
+      esac
+      patch -p1 < \"\$patch_file\"
+    done
+  "
+  MAKEPKG_EXTRA="-e"
+fi
+
+sudo -u "$BUILD_USER" bash -c "
+  set -euo pipefail
+  cd '$BUILD_ROOT/linux-rpi'
+  MAKEFLAGS='-j$JOBS' makepkg -s --noconfirm $MAKEPKG_EXTRA
+"
+
+mapfile -t PKGS < <(ls "$BUILD_ROOT/linux-rpi"/*.pkg.tar.* 2>/dev/null)
+if [[ ${#PKGS[@]} -eq 0 ]]; then
+  echo "no kernel packages built" >&2
+  exit 1
+fi
+
+pacman -U --noconfirm "${PKGS[@]}"
+echo "✅ linux-rpi upgraded to $TARGET_VERSION (reboot required)"

scripts/kernel/dwc2-fifo.patch

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+diff --git a/drivers/usb/dwc2/gadget.c b/drivers/usb/dwc2/gadget.c
+index 0a10aa2f8f5c..d7c5a3d1c4de 100644
+--- a/drivers/usb/dwc2/gadget.c
++++ b/drivers/usb/dwc2/gadget.c
+@@ -226,10 +226,7 @@ int dwc2_hsotg_tx_fifo_total_depth(struct dwc2_hsotg *hsotg)
+ {
+ 	int addr;
+ 	int tx_addr_max;
+-	u32 np_tx_fifo_size;
+-
+-	np_tx_fifo_size = min_t(u32, hsotg->hw_params.dev_nperio_tx_fifo_size,
+-				hsotg->params.g_np_tx_fifo_size);
++	u32 np_tx_fifo_size = hsotg->params.g_np_tx_fifo_size;
+ 
+ 	/* Get Endpoint Info Control block size in DWORDs. */
+ 	tx_addr_max = hsotg->hw_params.total_fifo_size;
+diff --git a/drivers/usb/dwc2/params.c b/drivers/usb/dwc2/params.c
+index 5d29c2157fbe..b25f7399b41c 100644
+--- a/drivers/usb/dwc2/params.c
++++ b/drivers/usb/dwc2/params.c
+@@ -767,6 +767,35 @@ static void dwc2_check_param_tx_fifo_sizes(struct dwc2_hsotg *hsotg)
+ 	}
+ }
+ 
++static void dwc2_check_param_fifo_total(struct dwc2_hsotg *hsotg)
++{
++	struct dwc2_core_params *p = &hsotg->params;
++	u32 total_tx = 0;
++	u32 max_np;
++	int fifo_count;
++	int fifo;
++
++	fifo_count = dwc2_hsotg_tx_fifo_count(hsotg);
++	for (fifo = 1; fifo <= fifo_count; fifo++)
++		total_tx += p->g_tx_fifo_size[fifo];
++
++	if (p->g_rx_fifo_size + p->g_np_tx_fifo_size + total_tx <=
++	    hsotg->hw_params.total_fifo_size)
++		return;
++
++	max_np = 16;
++	if (hsotg->hw_params.total_fifo_size > p->g_rx_fifo_size + total_tx)
++		max_np = hsotg->hw_params.total_fifo_size -
++			 p->g_rx_fifo_size - total_tx;
++	if (max_np < 16)
++		max_np = 16;
++
++	dev_warn(hsotg->dev,
++		 "%s: FIFO sizes exceed total, clamping g_np_tx_fifo_size to %u\n",
++		 __func__, max_np);
++	p->g_np_tx_fifo_size = max_np;
++}
++
+ static void dwc2_check_param_eusb2_disc(struct dwc2_hsotg *hsotg)
+ {
+ 	u32 gsnpsid;
+@@ -879,9 +879,10 @@ static void dwc2_check_params(struct dwc2_hsotg *hsotg)
+		CHECK_RANGE(g_rx_fifo_size,
+			    16, hw->rx_fifo_size,
+			    hw->rx_fifo_size);
+		CHECK_RANGE(g_np_tx_fifo_size,
+-			    16, hw->dev_nperio_tx_fifo_size,
++			    16, hw->total_fifo_size,
+			    hw->dev_nperio_tx_fifo_size);
+		dwc2_check_param_tx_fifo_sizes(hsotg);
++		dwc2_check_param_fifo_total(hsotg);
+ 	}
+ }

scripts/kernel/uvc-bulk.patch

@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+diff --git a/drivers/usb/gadget/function/f_uvc.c b/drivers/usb/gadget/function/f_uvc.c
+index aa6ab666741a..7fb30b09e980 100644
+--- a/drivers/usb/gadget/function/f_uvc.c
++++ b/drivers/usb/gadget/function/f_uvc.c
+@@ -652,22 +652,32 @@ uvc_function_bind(struct usb_configuration *c, struct usb_function *f)
+ 	unsigned int max_packet_size;
+ 	struct usb_ep *ep;
+ 	struct f_uvc_opts *opts;
++	bool bulk;
+ 	int ret = -EINVAL;
+ 
+ 	uvcg_info(f, "%s()\n", __func__);
+ 
+ 	opts = fi_to_f_uvc_opts(f->fi);
++	bulk = opts->streaming_bulk;
+ 	/* Sanity check the streaming endpoint module parameters. */
+ 	opts->streaming_interval = clamp(opts->streaming_interval, 1U, 16U);
+-	opts->streaming_maxpacket = clamp(opts->streaming_maxpacket, 1U, 3072U);
+ 	opts->streaming_maxburst = min(opts->streaming_maxburst, 15U);
+ 
+-	/* For SS, wMaxPacketSize has to be 1024 if bMaxBurst is not 0 */
+-	if (opts->streaming_maxburst &&
+-	    (opts->streaming_maxpacket % 1024) != 0) {
+-		opts->streaming_maxpacket = roundup(opts->streaming_maxpacket, 1024);
+-		uvcg_info(f, "overriding streaming_maxpacket to %d\n",
+-			  opts->streaming_maxpacket);
++	if (bulk) {
++		opts->streaming_maxpacket =
++			clamp(opts->streaming_maxpacket, 1U, 1024U);
++	} else {
++		opts->streaming_maxpacket =
++			clamp(opts->streaming_maxpacket, 1U, 3072U);
++		/* For SS, wMaxPacketSize has to be 1024 if bMaxBurst is not 0 */
++		if (opts->streaming_maxburst &&
++		    (opts->streaming_maxpacket % 1024) != 0) {
++			opts->streaming_maxpacket =
++				roundup(opts->streaming_maxpacket, 1024);
++			uvcg_info(f,
++				  "overriding streaming_maxpacket to %d\n",
++				  opts->streaming_maxpacket);
++		}
+ 	}
+ 
+ 	/*
+@@ -677,37 +687,70 @@ uvc_function_bind(struct usb_configuration *c, struct usb_function *f)
+ 	 * NOTE: We assume that the user knows what they are doing and won't
+ 	 * give parameters that their UDC doesn't support.
+ 	 */
+-	if (opts->streaming_maxpacket <= 1024) {
++	if (bulk) {
+ 		max_packet_mult = 1;
+ 		max_packet_size = opts->streaming_maxpacket;
+-	} else if (opts->streaming_maxpacket <= 2048) {
+-		max_packet_mult = 2;
+-		max_packet_size = opts->streaming_maxpacket / 2;
+-	} else {
+-		max_packet_mult = 3;
+-		max_packet_size = opts->streaming_maxpacket / 3;
+-	}
+ 
+-	uvc_fs_streaming_ep.wMaxPacketSize =
+-		cpu_to_le16(min(opts->streaming_maxpacket, 1023U));
+-	uvc_fs_streaming_ep.bInterval = opts->streaming_interval;
++		uvc_fs_streaming_ep.bmAttributes = USB_ENDPOINT_XFER_BULK;
++		uvc_hs_streaming_ep.bmAttributes = USB_ENDPOINT_XFER_BULK;
++		uvc_ss_streaming_ep.bmAttributes = USB_ENDPOINT_XFER_BULK;
+ 
+-	uvc_hs_streaming_ep.wMaxPacketSize =
+-		cpu_to_le16(max_packet_size | ((max_packet_mult - 1) << 11));
++		uvc_fs_streaming_ep.wMaxPacketSize =
++			cpu_to_le16(min(opts->streaming_maxpacket, 64U));
++		uvc_fs_streaming_ep.bInterval = 0;
+ 
+-	/* A high-bandwidth endpoint must specify a bInterval value of 1 */
+-	if (max_packet_mult > 1)
+-		uvc_hs_streaming_ep.bInterval = 1;
+-	else
+-		uvc_hs_streaming_ep.bInterval = opts->streaming_interval;
+-
+-	uvc_ss_streaming_ep.wMaxPacketSize = cpu_to_le16(max_packet_size);
+-	uvc_ss_streaming_ep.bInterval = opts->streaming_interval;
+-	uvc_ss_streaming_comp.bmAttributes = max_packet_mult - 1;
+-	uvc_ss_streaming_comp.bMaxBurst = opts->streaming_maxburst;
+-	uvc_ss_streaming_comp.wBytesPerInterval =
+-		cpu_to_le16(max_packet_size * max_packet_mult *
+-			    (opts->streaming_maxburst + 1));
++		uvc_hs_streaming_ep.wMaxPacketSize =
++			cpu_to_le16(min(opts->streaming_maxpacket, 512U));
++		uvc_hs_streaming_ep.bInterval = 0;
++
++		uvc_ss_streaming_ep.wMaxPacketSize =
++			cpu_to_le16(min(opts->streaming_maxpacket, 1024U));
++		uvc_ss_streaming_ep.bInterval = 0;
++		uvc_ss_streaming_comp.bmAttributes = 0;
++		uvc_ss_streaming_comp.bMaxBurst = opts->streaming_maxburst;
++		uvc_ss_streaming_comp.wBytesPerInterval = cpu_to_le16(0);
++	} else {
++		if (opts->streaming_maxpacket <= 1024) {
++			max_packet_mult = 1;
++			max_packet_size = opts->streaming_maxpacket;
++		} else if (opts->streaming_maxpacket <= 2048) {
++			max_packet_mult = 2;
++			max_packet_size = opts->streaming_maxpacket / 2;
++		} else {
++			max_packet_mult = 3;
++			max_packet_size = opts->streaming_maxpacket / 3;
++		}
++
++		uvc_fs_streaming_ep.bmAttributes =
++			USB_ENDPOINT_SYNC_ASYNC | USB_ENDPOINT_XFER_ISOC;
++		uvc_hs_streaming_ep.bmAttributes =
++			USB_ENDPOINT_SYNC_ASYNC | USB_ENDPOINT_XFER_ISOC;
++		uvc_ss_streaming_ep.bmAttributes =
++			USB_ENDPOINT_SYNC_ASYNC | USB_ENDPOINT_XFER_ISOC;
++
++		uvc_fs_streaming_ep.wMaxPacketSize =
++			cpu_to_le16(min(opts->streaming_maxpacket, 1023U));
++		uvc_fs_streaming_ep.bInterval = opts->streaming_interval;
++
++		uvc_hs_streaming_ep.wMaxPacketSize =
++			cpu_to_le16(max_packet_size |
++				    ((max_packet_mult - 1) << 11));
++
++		/* A high-bandwidth endpoint must specify a bInterval value of 1 */
++		if (max_packet_mult > 1)
++			uvc_hs_streaming_ep.bInterval = 1;
++		else
++			uvc_hs_streaming_ep.bInterval = opts->streaming_interval;
++
++		uvc_ss_streaming_ep.wMaxPacketSize =
++			cpu_to_le16(max_packet_size);
++		uvc_ss_streaming_ep.bInterval = opts->streaming_interval;
++		uvc_ss_streaming_comp.bmAttributes = max_packet_mult - 1;
++		uvc_ss_streaming_comp.bMaxBurst = opts->streaming_maxburst;
++		uvc_ss_streaming_comp.wBytesPerInterval =
++			cpu_to_le16(max_packet_size * max_packet_mult *
++				    (opts->streaming_maxburst + 1));
++	}
+ 
+ 	/* Allocate endpoints. */
+ 	if (opts->enable_interrupt_ep) {
+diff --git a/drivers/usb/gadget/function/u_uvc.h b/drivers/usb/gadget/function/u_uvc.h
+index 3ac392cbb779..b57e2d10ddcd 100644
+--- a/drivers/usb/gadget/function/u_uvc.h
++++ b/drivers/usb/gadget/function/u_uvc.h
+@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ struct f_uvc_opts {
+ 	unsigned int					streaming_interval;
+ 	unsigned int					streaming_maxpacket;
+ 	unsigned int					streaming_maxburst;
++	unsigned int					streaming_bulk;
+ 
+ 	unsigned int					control_interface;
+ 	unsigned int					streaming_interface;
+diff --git a/drivers/usb/gadget/function/uvc_configfs.c b/drivers/usb/gadget/function/uvc_configfs.c
+index a4a2d3dcb0d6..80817ff1b6fe 100644
+--- a/drivers/usb/gadget/function/uvc_configfs.c
++++ b/drivers/usb/gadget/function/uvc_configfs.c
+@@ -3751,6 +3751,7 @@ UVC_ATTR(f_uvc_opts_, cname, cname)
+ UVCG_OPTS_ATTR(streaming_interval, streaming_interval, 16);
+ UVCG_OPTS_ATTR(streaming_maxpacket, streaming_maxpacket, 3072);
+ UVCG_OPTS_ATTR(streaming_maxburst, streaming_maxburst, 15);
++UVCG_OPTS_ATTR(streaming_bulk, streaming_bulk, 1);
+ 
+ #undef UVCG_OPTS_ATTR
+ 
+@@ -3800,6 +3801,7 @@ static struct configfs_attribute *uvc_attrs[] = {
+ 	&f_uvc_opts_attr_streaming_interval,
+ 	&f_uvc_opts_attr_streaming_maxpacket,
+ 	&f_uvc_opts_attr_streaming_maxburst,
++	&f_uvc_opts_attr_streaming_bulk,
+ 	&f_uvc_opts_string_attr_function_name,
+ 	NULL,
+ };

scripts/kernel/uvc-debug.patch

@@ -0,0 +1,185 @@
+--- a/drivers/usb/gadget/function/uvc_video.c
++++ b/drivers/usb/gadget/function/uvc_video.c
+@@ -503,9 +503,22 @@
+ 	unsigned int max_req_size, req_size, header_size;
+ 	unsigned int nreq;
+ 
++	pr_info_once("uvc: Video prep enter: video=%p ep=%p max_req=%u max_payload=%u imagesize=%u interval=%u\n",
++		video, video->ep, video->max_req_size, video->max_payload_size,
++		video->imagesize, video->interval);
++
+ 	max_req_size = video->max_req_size;
+ 
++	uvcg_info(&uvc->func,
++		"Video prep ep: ep=%p desc=%p maxpacket=%u maxburst=%u mult=%u\n",
++		video->ep, video->ep->desc, video->ep->maxpacket,
++		video->ep->maxburst, video->ep->mult);
++
+ 	if (!usb_endpoint_xfer_isoc(video->ep->desc)) {
++		uvcg_info(&uvc->func,
++			"Video prep non-isoc: attrs=0x%x max_req=%u imagesize=%u interval=%u\n",
++			video->ep->desc->bmAttributes, max_req_size,
++			video->imagesize, video->interval);
+ 		video->req_size = max_req_size;
+ 		video->reqs_per_frame = video->uvc_num_requests =
+ 			DIV_ROUND_UP(video->imagesize, max_req_size);
+@@ -534,6 +547,16 @@
+ 	}
+ 	video->req_size = req_size;
+ 
++	if (!req_size || !video->max_payload_size || !video->imagesize || !nreq) {
++		uvcg_info(&uvc->func,
++			"Video prep requests: imagesize=%u interval=%u interval_dur=%u nreq=%u header=%u req_size=%u max_req=%u max_payload=%u ep_maxpacket=%u maxburst=%u mult=%u bInterval=%u speed=%u\n",
++			video->imagesize, video->interval, interval_duration, nreq,
++			header_size, req_size, max_req_size,
++			video->max_payload_size, video->ep->maxpacket,
++			video->ep->maxburst, video->ep->mult,
++			video->ep->desc->bInterval, cdev->gadget->speed);
++	}
++
+ 	/* We need to compensate the amount of requests to be
+ 	 * allocated with the maximum amount of zero length requests.
+ 	 * Since it is possible that hw_submit will initially
+@@ -558,6 +581,11 @@
+ 	 */
+ 	uvc_video_prep_requests(video);
+ 
++	uvcg_info(&video->uvc->func,
++		"Video alloc: req_size=%u max_req=%u max_payload=%u uvc_num_requests=%u reqs_per_frame=%u\n",
++		video->req_size, video->max_req_size, video->max_payload_size,
++		video->uvc_num_requests, video->reqs_per_frame);
++
+ 	for (i = 0; i < video->uvc_num_requests; i++) {
+ 		ureq = kzalloc(sizeof(struct uvc_request), GFP_KERNEL);
+ 		if (ureq == NULL)
+@@ -764,20 +792,78 @@
+ {
+ 	int ret;
+ 
++	if (!video) {
++		pr_err("uvcg_video_enable: missing video\n");
++		return -EINVAL;
++	}
++
++	if (!video->uvc || !video->uvc->func.config ||
++	    !video->uvc->func.config->cdev) {
++		pr_err("uvcg_video_enable: missing uvc/func/config video=%p uvc=%p\n",
++		       video, video->uvc);
++		return -ENODEV;
++	}
++
+ 	if (video->ep == NULL) {
+ 		uvcg_info(&video->uvc->func,
+ 			  "Video enable failed, device is uninitialized.\n");
+ 		return -ENODEV;
+ 	}
+ 
++	if (!video->ep->desc) {
++		uvcg_err(&video->uvc->func,
++			"Video enable failed, missing ep desc ep=%p maxpacket=%u maxburst=%u mult=%u\n",
++			video->ep, video->ep->maxpacket,
++			video->ep->maxburst, video->ep->mult);
++		return -EINVAL;
++	}
++
++	if (!video->kworker || !video->async_wq) {
++		uvcg_err(&video->uvc->func,
++			"Video enable failed, missing worker(s) kworker=%p async_wq=%p\n",
++			video->kworker, video->async_wq);
++		return -EINVAL;
++	}
++
++	if (!video->queue.queue.dev) {
++		uvcg_err(&video->uvc->func,
++			"Video enable failed, missing queue device\n");
++		return -EINVAL;
++	}
++
+ 	/*
+ 	 * Safe to access request related fields without req_lock because
+ 	 * this is the only thread currently active, and no other
+ 	 * request handling thread will become active until this function
+ 	 * returns.
+ 	 */
++	uvcg_info(&video->uvc->func,
++		"Video enable start: video=%p ep=%p kworker=%p async_wq=%p req_size=%u max_payload=%u requests=%u reqs_per_frame=%u use_sg=%u flags=0x%x\n",
++		video, video->ep, video->kworker, video->async_wq,
++		video->req_size, video->max_payload_size,
++		video->uvc_num_requests, video->reqs_per_frame,
++		video->queue.use_sg, video->queue.flags);
++
+ 	video->is_enabled = true;
+ 
++	if (!video->queue.queue.lock || !video->queue.queue.ops ||
++	    !video->queue.queue.mem_ops) {
++		uvcg_err(&video->uvc->func,
++			"Video queue not ready: dev=%p lock=%p ops=%p mem_ops=%p buf_ops=%p drv_priv=%p type=%u io_modes=0x%x\n",
++			video->queue.queue.dev, video->queue.queue.lock,
++			video->queue.queue.ops, video->queue.queue.mem_ops,
++			video->queue.queue.buf_ops, video->queue.queue.drv_priv,
++			video->queue.queue.type, video->queue.queue.io_modes);
++		return -EINVAL;
++	}
++
++	uvcg_info(&video->uvc->func,
++		"Video queue enable: dev=%p lock=%p ops=%p mem_ops=%p buf_ops=%p drv_priv=%p type=%u io_modes=0x%x\n",
++		video->queue.queue.dev, video->queue.queue.lock,
++		video->queue.queue.ops, video->queue.queue.mem_ops,
++		video->queue.queue.buf_ops, video->queue.queue.drv_priv,
++		video->queue.queue.type, video->queue.queue.io_modes);
++
+ 	if ((ret = uvcg_queue_enable(&video->queue, 1)) < 0)
+ 		return ret;
+ 
+--- a/drivers/usb/gadget/function/f_uvc.c
++++ b/drivers/usb/gadget/function/f_uvc.c
+@@ -298,6 +298,14 @@
+ 	int ret;
+ 
+ 	uvcg_info(f, "%s(%u, %u)\n", __func__, interface, alt);
++	uvcg_info(f,
++		"UVC set_alt: intf=%u alt=%u state=%u speed=%u ep=%p desc=%p maxpacket=%u maxburst=%u mult=%u\n",
++		interface, alt, uvc->state, cdev->gadget->speed,
++		uvc->video.ep,
++		uvc->video.ep ? uvc->video.ep->desc : NULL,
++		uvc->video.ep ? uvc->video.ep->maxpacket : 0,
++		uvc->video.ep ? uvc->video.ep->maxburst : 0,
++		uvc->video.ep ? uvc->video.ep->mult : 0);
+ 
+ 	if (interface == uvc->control_intf) {
+ 		if (alt)
+@@ -362,10 +370,34 @@
+ 			return ret;
+ 		usb_ep_enable(uvc->video.ep);
+ 
++		if (uvc->video.ep->desc)
++			uvcg_info(f,
++				"UVC ep config: speed=%u addr=0x%02x attrs=0x%02x maxpacket=%u maxburst=%u mult=%u wMaxPacket=0x%04x interval=%u\n",
++				f->config->cdev->gadget->speed,
++				uvc->video.ep->address,
++				uvc->video.ep->desc->bmAttributes,
++				uvc->video.ep->maxpacket, uvc->video.ep->maxburst,
++				uvc->video.ep->mult,
++				le16_to_cpu(uvc->video.ep->desc->wMaxPacketSize),
++				uvc->video.ep->desc->bInterval);
++		else
++			uvcg_err(f,
++				"UVC ep config: missing desc speed=%u maxpacket=%u maxburst=%u mult=%u\n",
++				f->config->cdev->gadget->speed,
++				uvc->video.ep->maxpacket, uvc->video.ep->maxburst,
++				uvc->video.ep->mult);
++
+ 		uvc->video.max_req_size = uvc->video.ep->maxpacket
+ 			* max_t(unsigned int, uvc->video.ep->maxburst, 1)
+ 			* (uvc->video.ep->mult);
+ 
++		uvcg_info(f,
++			"UVC max_req_size=%u (maxpacket=%u maxburst=%u mult=%u)\n",
++			uvc->video.max_req_size,
++			uvc->video.ep->maxpacket,
++			uvc->video.ep->maxburst,
++			uvc->video.ep->mult);
++
+ 		memset(&v4l2_event, 0, sizeof(v4l2_event));
+ 		v4l2_event.type = UVC_EVENT_STREAMON;
+ 		v4l2_event_queue(&uvc->vdev, &v4l2_event);

scripts/manual/eval_lesavka.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# scripts/manual/eval_lesavka.sh - iterative health check for lesavka client/server/gadget
+# - Locally: probes TCP + gRPC handshake on LESAVKA_SERVER_ADDR
+# - Optional: if TETHYS_HOST is set, ssh to run lsusb + dmesg tail (enumeration check)
+# - Optional: if THEIA_HOST is set, ssh to show core/server status + hidg/uvc presence
+#
+# Env:
+#   LESAVKA_SERVER_ADDR (default http://38.28.125.112:50051)
+#   ITER=0 (loop forever) or number of iterations
+#   SLEEP=10 (seconds between iterations)
+#   TETHYS_HOST=host (ssh target for target machine; requires key auth)
+#   THEIA_HOST=host (ssh target for server/gadget Pi)
+#   SSH_OPTS="-o ConnectTimeout=5" (optional extra ssh flags)
+
+set -euo pipefail
+
+SERVER=${LESAVKA_SERVER_ADDR:-http://38.28.125.112:50051}
+# default to a few iterations instead of infinite to avoid unintentional long runs
+ITER=${ITER:-5}
+SLEEP=${SLEEP:-10}
+SSH_OPTS=${SSH_OPTS:-"-o ConnectTimeout=5 -o BatchMode=yes"}
+SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd -- "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" >/dev/null 2>&1 && pwd)"
+PROTO_DIR="${PROTO_DIR:-${SCRIPT_DIR}/../../common/proto}"
+
+hostport=${SERVER#http://}
+hostport=${hostport#https://}
+host=${hostport%%:*}
+port=${hostport##*:}
+
+has_nc()   { command -v nc      >/dev/null 2>&1; }
+has_grpc() { command -v grpcurl >/dev/null 2>&1; }
+
+probe_server() {
+  echo "==> [local] $(date -Is) probing $SERVER"
+  if has_nc; then
+    if nc -zw3 "$host" "$port"; then
+      echo "    tcp: OK (port reachable)"
+    else
+      echo "    tcp: FAIL (port unreachable)"
+    fi
+  else
+    echo "    tcp: skipped (nc not present)"
+  fi
+
+  if has_grpc; then
+    if [[ -f "${PROTO_DIR}/lesavka.proto" ]]; then
+      if out=$(grpcurl -plaintext -max-time 5 \
+          -import-path "${PROTO_DIR}" -proto lesavka.proto \
+          "$host:$port" lesavka.Handshake/GetCapabilities 2>&1); then
+        echo "    gRPC Handshake (proto): OK → $out"
+      else
+        echo "    gRPC Handshake (proto): FAIL → $out"
+      fi
+    else
+      if out=$(grpcurl -plaintext -max-time 5 "$host:$port" list 2>&1); then
+        echo "    gRPC list (reflection): $out"
+      else
+        echo "    gRPC list (reflection) FAIL → $out"
+      fi
+    fi
+  else
+    echo "    gRPC: skipped (grpcurl not present)"
+  fi
+}
+
+probe_tethys() {
+  [[ -z "${TETHYS_HOST:-}" ]] && return
+  echo "==> [tethys] $(date -Is) checking lsusb + dmesg tail on $TETHYS_HOST"
+  ssh $SSH_OPTS "$TETHYS_HOST" '
+    lsusb;
+    echo "--- /dev/hidraw* ---";
+    ls /dev/hidraw* 2>/dev/null || true;
+    echo "--- dmesg (USB tail) ---";
+    dmesg | tail -n 20
+  ' || echo "    ssh to $TETHYS_HOST failed"
+}
+
+probe_theia() {
+  [[ -z "${THEIA_HOST:-}" ]] && return
+  echo "==> [theia] $(date -Is) checking services/device nodes on $THEIA_HOST"
+  ssh $SSH_OPTS "$THEIA_HOST" '
+    systemctl --no-pager --quiet is-active lesavka-core && echo "lesavka-core: active" || echo "lesavka-core: INACTIVE";
+    systemctl --no-pager --quiet is-active lesavka-server && echo "lesavka-server: active" || echo "lesavka-server: INACTIVE";
+    echo "--- hidg nodes ---";
+    ls -l /dev/hidg0 /dev/hidg1 2>/dev/null || true;
+    echo "--- video nodes ---";
+    ls -l /dev/video* 2>/dev/null | head;
+    echo "--- recent server log ---";
+    journalctl -u lesavka-server -n 20 --no-pager
+  ' || echo "    ssh to $THEIA_HOST failed"
+}
+
+count=0
+while :; do
+  probe_server
+  probe_theia
+  probe_tethys
+
+  count=$((count + 1))
+  if [[ "$ITER" -gt 0 && "$count" -ge "$ITER" ]]; then
+    break
+  fi
+  echo "==> sleeping ${SLEEP}s (iteration $count complete)"
+  sleep "$SLEEP"
+done
+
+echo "Done."

scripts/manual/kde-start-tethys.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# scripts/manual/kde-start-tethys.sh
+#
+# Start/restart SDDM on tethys and set display geometry over :0.
+# Intended for remote use after SSH-ing into tethys.
+#
+# Env overrides:
+#   MODE=1920x1080   (preferred mode)
+#   RATE=60          (refresh rate)
+#   OUTPUTS="HDMI-1 DP-1" (space-separated outputs to try)
+#   DISPLAY=:0       (X display; default :0)
+#   XAUTHORITY=...   (override cookie; otherwise auto-detected from SDDM)
+
+set -euo pipefail
+
+MODE=${MODE:-1920x1080}
+RATE=${RATE:-60}
+OUTPUTS=${OUTPUTS:-"HDMI-1 DP-1"}
+DISPLAY=${DISPLAY:-:0}
+
+log() { printf "[kde-start] %s\n" "$*"; }
+
+log "restarting sddm.service"
+sudo systemctl restart sddm
+sleep 2
+
+# find SDDM Xauthority if not provided
+if [[ -z "${XAUTHORITY:-}" ]]; then
+  XAUTHORITY=$(ls /var/run/sddm/*/xauth_* 2>/dev/null | head -n1 || true)
+fi
+
+if [[ -z "${XAUTHORITY:-}" ]]; then
+  log "warning: no XAUTHORITY found; xrandr may fail"
+fi
+
+# wait for X to come up
+for attempt in {1..15}; do
+  if DISPLAY=$DISPLAY XAUTHORITY=${XAUTHORITY:-} xrandr --query >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+    break
+  fi
+  sleep 1
+done
+
+log "setting mode ${MODE}@${RATE} on outputs: ${OUTPUTS}"
+for out in $OUTPUTS; do
+  if DISPLAY=$DISPLAY XAUTHORITY=${XAUTHORITY:-} xrandr --output "$out" --mode "$MODE" --rate "$RATE" --primary >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+    log "set $out to ${MODE}@${RATE}"
+  else
+    log "skip $out (xrandr failed)"
+  fi
+done
+
+log "current xrandr:"
+DISPLAY=$DISPLAY XAUTHORITY=${XAUTHORITY:-} xrandr --query || true
+
+log "done."

scripts/manual/usb-reset.sh

@@ -1,10 +1,14 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env bash
-# scripts/manual/usb-reset.sh
+# scripts/manual/usb-reset.sh - trigger USB reset RPC on the server
+set -euo pipefail
+
+SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd -- "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" >/dev/null 2>&1 && pwd)"
+PROTO_DIR="${SCRIPT_DIR}/../../common/proto"
 
 grpcurl \
     -plaintext \
-    -import-path ./../../common/proto \
+    -import-path "${PROTO_DIR}" \
     -proto lesavka.proto \
     -d '{}' \
-    64.25.10.31:50051 \
+    38.28.125.112:50051 \
     lesavka.Relay/ResetUsb

server/src/audio.rs

@@ -1,19 +1,19 @@
 //  server/src/audio.rs
 #![forbid(unsafe_code)]
 
-use anyhow::{anyhow, Context};
+use anyhow::{Context, anyhow};
 use chrono::Local;
 use futures_util::Stream;
-use gstreamer as gst;
-use gstreamer_app as gst_app;
-use gst::prelude::*;
 use gst::ElementFactory;
 use gst::MessageView::*;
+use gst::prelude::*;
+use gstreamer as gst;
+use gstreamer_app as gst_app;
+use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};
+use std::time::{Duration, Instant, SystemTime, UNIX_EPOCH};
 use tokio_stream::wrappers::ReceiverStream;
 use tonic::Status;
 use tracing::{debug, error, warn};
-use std::time::{Instant, Duration, SystemTime, UNIX_EPOCH};
-use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};
 
 use lesavka_common::lesavka::AudioPacket;
 
@@ -58,9 +58,7 @@ pub async fn ear(alsa_dev: &str, id: u32) -> anyhow::Result<AudioStream> {
      */
     let desc = build_pipeline_desc(alsa_dev)?;
 
-    let pipeline: gst::Pipeline = gst::parse::launch(&desc)?
+    let pipeline: gst::Pipeline = gst::parse::launch(&desc)?.downcast().expect("pipeline");
-        .downcast()
-        .expect("pipeline");
 
     let sink: gst_app::AppSink = pipeline
         .by_name("asink")
@@ -68,7 +66,10 @@ pub async fn ear(alsa_dev: &str, id: u32) -> anyhow::Result<AudioStream> {
         .downcast()
         .expect("appsink");
 
-    let tap = Arc::new(Mutex::new(ClipTap::new("🎧 - ear", Duration::from_secs(60))));
+    let tap = Arc::new(Mutex::new(ClipTap::new(
+        "🎧 - ear",
+        Duration::from_secs(60),
+    )));
     // sink.connect("underrun", false, |_| {
     //     tracing::warn!("⚠️  USB playback underrun – host muted or not reading");
     //     None
@@ -80,12 +81,19 @@ pub async fn ear(alsa_dev: &str, id: u32) -> anyhow::Result<AudioStream> {
     std::thread::spawn(move || {
         for msg in bus.iter_timed(gst::ClockTime::NONE) {
             match msg.view() {
-                Error(e)   => error!("💥 audio pipeline: {} ({})",
+                Error(e) => error!(
-                                      e.error(), e.debug().unwrap_or_default()),
+                    "💥 audio pipeline: {} ({})",
-                Warning(w) => warn!("⚠️  audio pipeline: {} ({})",
+                    e.error(),
-                                      w.error(), w.debug().unwrap_or_default()),
+                    e.debug().unwrap_or_default()
-                StateChanged(s) if s.current() == gst::State::Playing =>
+                ),
-                    debug!("🎶 audio pipeline PLAYING"),
+                Warning(w) => warn!(
+                    "⚠️  audio pipeline: {} ({})",
+                    w.error(),
+                    w.debug().unwrap_or_default()
+                ),
+                StateChanged(s) if s.current() == gst::State::Playing => {
+                    debug!("🎶 audio pipeline PLAYING")
+                }
                 _ => {}
             }
         }
@@ -104,24 +112,23 @@ pub async fn ear(alsa_dev: &str, id: u32) -> anyhow::Result<AudioStream> {
                     // -------- clip‑tap (minute dumps) ------------
                     tap.lock().unwrap().feed(map.as_slice());
 
-                static CNT: std::sync::atomic::AtomicU64 =
+                    static CNT: std::sync::atomic::AtomicU64 = std::sync::atomic::AtomicU64::new(0);
-                    std::sync::atomic::AtomicU64::new(0);
                     let n = CNT.fetch_add(1, std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Relaxed);
                     if n < 10 || n % 300 == 0 {
                         debug!("🎧 ear #{n}: {} bytes", map.len());
                     }
 
-                let pts_us = buffer
+                    let pts_us = buffer.pts().unwrap_or(gst::ClockTime::ZERO).nseconds() / 1_000;
-                    .pts()
-                    .unwrap_or(gst::ClockTime::ZERO)
-                    .nseconds() / 1_000;
 
                     // push non‑blocking; drop oldest on overflow
-                if tx.try_send(Ok(AudioPacket {
+                    if tx
+                        .try_send(Ok(AudioPacket {
                             id,
                             pts: pts_us,
                             data: map.as_slice().to_vec(),
-                })).is_err() {
+                        }))
+                        .is_err()
+                    {
                         static DROPS: std::sync::atomic::AtomicU64 =
                             std::sync::atomic::AtomicU64::new(0);
                         let d = DROPS.fetch_add(1, std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Relaxed);
@@ -131,10 +138,12 @@ pub async fn ear(alsa_dev: &str, id: u32) -> anyhow::Result<AudioStream> {
                     }
                     Ok(gst::FlowSuccess::Ok)
                 }
-        }).build(),
+            })
+            .build(),
     );
 
-    pipeline.set_state(gst::State::Playing)
+    pipeline
+        .set_state(gst::State::Playing)
         .context("starting audio pipeline")?;
 
     Ok(AudioStream {
@@ -152,9 +161,7 @@ fn build_pipeline_desc(dev: &str) -> anyhow::Result<String> {
         .into_iter()
         .find(|&e| {
             reg.find_plugin(e).is_some()
-                || reg
+                || reg.find_feature(e, ElementFactory::static_type()).is_some()
-                    .find_feature(e, ElementFactory::static_type())
-                    .is_some()
         })
         .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("no AAC encoder plugin available"))?;
 

server/src/camera.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,260 @@
+// server/src/camera.rs
+
+use gstreamer as gst;
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+use std::fs;
+use std::sync::{OnceLock, RwLock};
+use tracing::{info, warn};
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum CameraOutput {
+    Uvc,
+    Hdmi,
+}
+
+impl CameraOutput {
+    pub fn as_str(self) -> &'static str {
+        match self {
+            CameraOutput::Uvc => "uvc",
+            CameraOutput::Hdmi => "hdmi",
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum CameraCodec {
+    H264,
+    Mjpeg,
+}
+
+impl CameraCodec {
+    pub fn as_str(self) -> &'static str {
+        match self {
+            CameraCodec::H264 => "h264",
+            CameraCodec::Mjpeg => "mjpeg",
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct HdmiConnector {
+    pub name: String,
+    pub id: Option<u32>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct CameraConfig {
+    pub output: CameraOutput,
+    pub codec: CameraCodec,
+    pub width: u32,
+    pub height: u32,
+    pub fps: u32,
+    pub hdmi: Option<HdmiConnector>,
+}
+
+static LAST_CONFIG: OnceLock<RwLock<CameraConfig>> = OnceLock::new();
+
+pub fn update_camera_config() -> CameraConfig {
+    let cfg = select_camera_config();
+    let lock = LAST_CONFIG.get_or_init(|| RwLock::new(cfg.clone()));
+    *lock.write().unwrap() = cfg.clone();
+    cfg
+}
+
+pub fn current_camera_config() -> CameraConfig {
+    if let Some(lock) = LAST_CONFIG.get() {
+        return lock.read().unwrap().clone();
+    }
+    update_camera_config()
+}
+
+fn select_camera_config() -> CameraConfig {
+    let output_env = std::env::var("LESAVKA_CAM_OUTPUT").ok();
+    let output_override = output_env
+        .as_deref()
+        .and_then(parse_camera_output);
+
+    let require_connected = output_override != Some(CameraOutput::Hdmi);
+    let hdmi = detect_hdmi_connector(require_connected);
+    if output_override == Some(CameraOutput::Hdmi) && hdmi.is_none() {
+        warn!("📷 HDMI output forced but no connector detected");
+    }
+    let output = match output_override {
+        Some(v) => v,
+        None => {
+            if hdmi.is_some() {
+                CameraOutput::Hdmi
+            } else {
+                CameraOutput::Uvc
+            }
+        }
+    };
+
+    let cfg = match output {
+        CameraOutput::Hdmi => select_hdmi_config(hdmi),
+        CameraOutput::Uvc => select_uvc_config(),
+    };
+
+    info!(
+        output = cfg.output.as_str(),
+        codec = cfg.codec.as_str(),
+        width = cfg.width,
+        height = cfg.height,
+        fps = cfg.fps,
+        hdmi = cfg.hdmi.as_ref().map(|h| h.name.as_str()).unwrap_or("none"),
+        "📷 camera output selected"
+    );
+
+    cfg
+}
+
+fn parse_camera_output(raw: &str) -> Option<CameraOutput> {
+    match raw.trim().to_ascii_lowercase().as_str() {
+        "uvc" => Some(CameraOutput::Uvc),
+        "hdmi" => Some(CameraOutput::Hdmi),
+        "auto" | "" => None,
+        _ => None,
+    }
+}
+
+fn select_hdmi_config(hdmi: Option<HdmiConnector>) -> CameraConfig {
+    let hw_decode = has_hw_h264_decode();
+    let (width, height) = if hw_decode { (1920, 1080) } else { (1280, 720) };
+    let fps = 30;
+    if !hw_decode {
+        warn!("📷 HDMI output: hardware H264 decoder not detected; using 720p30");
+    }
+    CameraConfig {
+        output: CameraOutput::Hdmi,
+        codec: CameraCodec::H264,
+        width,
+        height,
+        fps,
+        hdmi,
+    }
+}
+
+fn select_uvc_config() -> CameraConfig {
+    let mut uvc_env = HashMap::new();
+    if let Ok(text) = fs::read_to_string("/etc/lesavka/uvc.env") {
+        uvc_env = parse_env_file(&text);
+    }
+
+    let width = read_u32_from_env("LESAVKA_UVC_WIDTH")
+        .or_else(|| read_u32_from_map(&uvc_env, "LESAVKA_UVC_WIDTH"))
+        .unwrap_or(1280);
+    let height = read_u32_from_env("LESAVKA_UVC_HEIGHT")
+        .or_else(|| read_u32_from_map(&uvc_env, "LESAVKA_UVC_HEIGHT"))
+        .unwrap_or(720);
+    let fps = read_u32_from_env("LESAVKA_UVC_FPS")
+        .or_else(|| read_u32_from_map(&uvc_env, "LESAVKA_UVC_FPS"))
+        .or_else(|| {
+            read_u32_from_env("LESAVKA_UVC_INTERVAL")
+                .or_else(|| read_u32_from_map(&uvc_env, "LESAVKA_UVC_INTERVAL"))
+                .and_then(|interval| {
+                    if interval == 0 {
+                        None
+                    } else {
+                        Some(10_000_000 / interval)
+                    }
+                })
+        })
+        .unwrap_or(25);
+
+    CameraConfig {
+        output: CameraOutput::Uvc,
+        codec: CameraCodec::Mjpeg,
+        width,
+        height,
+        fps,
+        hdmi: None,
+    }
+}
+
+fn has_hw_h264_decode() -> bool {
+    if gst::init().is_err() {
+        return false;
+    }
+    for name in ["v4l2h264dec", "v4l2slh264dec", "omxh264dec"] {
+        if gst::ElementFactory::find(name).is_some() {
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+    false
+}
+
+fn detect_hdmi_connector(require_connected: bool) -> Option<HdmiConnector> {
+    let preferred = std::env::var("LESAVKA_HDMI_CONNECTOR").ok();
+    let entries = fs::read_dir("/sys/class/drm").ok()?;
+    let mut connectors = Vec::new();
+
+    for entry in entries.flatten() {
+        let name = entry.file_name().to_string_lossy().into_owned();
+        if !name.contains("HDMI-A-") {
+            continue;
+        }
+        let status_path = entry.path().join("status");
+        let status = fs::read_to_string(&status_path)
+            .ok()
+            .map(|v| v.trim().to_string())
+            .unwrap_or_default();
+        let id = fs::read_to_string(entry.path().join("connector_id"))
+            .ok()
+            .and_then(|v| v.trim().parse::<u32>().ok());
+        connectors.push((name, status, id));
+    }
+
+    let matches_preferred = |name: &str, preferred: &str| {
+        name == preferred || name.ends_with(preferred)
+    };
+
+    if let Some(pref) = preferred.as_deref() {
+        for (name, status, id) in &connectors {
+            if matches_preferred(name, pref)
+                && (!require_connected || status == "connected")
+            {
+                return Some(HdmiConnector {
+                    name: name.clone(),
+                    id: *id,
+                });
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    for (name, status, id) in connectors {
+        if !require_connected || status == "connected" {
+            return Some(HdmiConnector { name, id });
+        }
+    }
+
+    None
+}
+
+fn parse_env_file(text: &str) -> HashMap<String, String> {
+    let mut out = HashMap::new();
+    for line in text.lines() {
+        let line = line.trim();
+        if line.is_empty() || line.starts_with('#') {
+            continue;
+        }
+        let mut parts = line.splitn(2, '=');
+        let key = match parts.next() {
+            Some(v) => v.trim(),
+            None => continue,
+        };
+        let val = match parts.next() {
+            Some(v) => v.trim(),
+            None => continue,
+        };
+        out.insert(key.to_string(), val.to_string());
+    }
+    out
+}
+
+fn read_u32_from_env(key: &str) -> Option<u32> {
+    std::env::var(key).ok().and_then(|v| v.parse::<u32>().ok())
+}
+
+fn read_u32_from_map(map: &HashMap<String, String>, key: &str) -> Option<u32> {
+    map.get(key).and_then(|v| v.parse::<u32>().ok())
+}

server/src/gadget.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,14 @@
 // server/src/gadget.rs
-use std::{fs::{self, OpenOptions}, io::Write, path::Path, thread, time::Duration};
 use anyhow::{Context, Result};
-use tracing::{info, warn, trace};
+use std::{
+    env,
+    fs::{self, OpenOptions},
+    io::Write,
+    path::Path,
+    thread,
+    time::Duration,
+};
+use tracing::{info, trace, warn};
 
 #[derive(Clone)]
 pub struct UsbGadget {
@@ -46,8 +53,10 @@ impl UsbGadget {
             }
             thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(50));
         }
-        Err(anyhow::anyhow!("UDC never reached '{wanted}' (last = {:?})",
+        Err(anyhow::anyhow!(
-                            fs::read_to_string(&path).unwrap_or_default()))
+            "UDC never reached '{wanted}' (last = {:?})",
+            fs::read_to_string(&path).unwrap_or_default()
+        ))
     }
 
     pub fn wait_state_any(ctrl: &str, limit_ms: u64) -> anyhow::Result<String> {
@@ -61,7 +70,9 @@ impl UsbGadget {
             }
             std::thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_millis(50));
         }
-        Err(anyhow::anyhow!("UDC state did not settle within {limit_ms} ms"))
+        Err(anyhow::anyhow!(
+            "UDC state did not settle within {limit_ms} ms"
+        ))
     }
 
     /// Write `value` (plus “\n”) into a sysfs attribute
@@ -81,14 +92,18 @@ impl UsbGadget {
             }
             thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(50));
         }
-        Err(anyhow::anyhow!("⚠️ UDC {ctrl} did not re-appear within {limit_ms} ms"))
+        Err(anyhow::anyhow!(
+            "⚠️ UDC {ctrl} did not re-appear within {limit_ms} ms"
+        ))
     }
 
     /// Scan platform devices when /sys/class/udc is empty
     fn probe_platform_udc() -> Result<Option<String>> {
         for entry in fs::read_dir("/sys/bus/platform/devices")? {
             let p = entry?.file_name().into_string().unwrap();
-            if p.ends_with(".usb") { return Ok(Some(p)); }
+            if p.ends_with(".usb") {
+                return Ok(Some(p));
+            }
         }
         Ok(None)
     }
@@ -98,9 +113,34 @@ impl UsbGadget {
     /// Hard-reset the gadget → identical to a physical cable re-plug
     pub fn cycle(&self) -> Result<()> {
         /* 0 - ensure we *know* the controller even after a previous crash */
-        let ctrl = Self::find_controller()
+        let ctrl = Self::find_controller().or_else(|_| {
-            .or_else(|_| Self::probe_platform_udc()?
+            Self::probe_platform_udc()?.ok_or_else(|| anyhow::anyhow!("no UDC present"))
-                .ok_or_else(|| anyhow::anyhow!("no UDC present")))?;
+        })?;
+        let force_cycle = env::var("LESAVKA_GADGET_FORCE_CYCLE").is_ok();
+        match Self::state(&ctrl) {
+            Ok(state)
+                if !force_cycle
+                    && matches!(state.as_str(), "configured" | "addressed" | "default" | "suspended") =>
+            {
+                warn!(
+                    "🔒 refusing gadget cycle while host attached (state={state}); set LESAVKA_GADGET_FORCE_CYCLE=1 to override"
+                );
+                return Ok(());
+            }
+            Ok(state) if !force_cycle && state == "unknown" => {
+                warn!(
+                    "🔒 refusing gadget cycle with unknown UDC state; set LESAVKA_GADGET_FORCE_CYCLE=1 to override"
+                );
+                return Ok(());
+            }
+            Err(_) if !force_cycle => {
+                warn!(
+                    "🔒 refusing gadget cycle without UDC state; set LESAVKA_GADGET_FORCE_CYCLE=1 to override"
+                );
+                return Ok(());
+            }
+            _ => {}
+        }
 
         /* 1 - detach gadget */
         info!("🔌 detaching gadget from {ctrl}");
@@ -112,12 +152,15 @@ impl UsbGadget {
         for attempt in 1..=10 {
             match Self::write_attr(self.udc_file, "") {
                 Ok(_) => break,
-                Err(err) if {
+                Err(err)
+                    if {
                         // only swallow EBUSY
                         err.downcast_ref::<std::io::Error>()
                             .and_then(|io| io.raw_os_error())
-                       == Some(libc::EBUSY) && attempt < 10
+                            == Some(libc::EBUSY)
-                } => {
+                            && attempt < 10
+                    } =>
+                {
                     trace!("⏳ UDC busy (attempt {attempt}/10) - retrying…");
                     thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(100));
                 }
@@ -157,14 +200,13 @@ impl UsbGadget {
         }
 
         /* 5 - wait for host (but tolerate sleep) */
-        Self::wait_state(&ctrl, "configured", 6_000)
+        Self::wait_state(&ctrl, "configured", 6_000).or_else(|e| {
-            .or_else(|e| {
             // If the host is physically absent (sleep / KVM paused)
             // we allow 'not attached' and continue - we can still
             // accept keyboard/mouse data and the host will enumerate
             // later without another reset.
-                let last = fs::read_to_string(format!("/sys/class/udc/{ctrl}/state"))
+            let last =
-                    .unwrap_or_default();
+                fs::read_to_string(format!("/sys/class/udc/{ctrl}/state")).unwrap_or_default();
             if last.trim() == "not attached" {
                 warn!("⚠️ host did not enumerate within 6 s - continuing (state = {last:?})");
                 Ok(())
@@ -182,7 +224,9 @@ impl UsbGadget {
         let cand = ["dwc2", "dwc3"];
         for drv in cand {
             let root = format!("/sys/bus/platform/drivers/{drv}");
-            if !Path::new(&root).exists() { continue }
+            if !Path::new(&root).exists() {
+                continue;
+            }
 
             /*----------- unbind ------------------------------------------------*/
             info!("🔧 unbinding UDC driver ({drv})");
@@ -193,8 +237,7 @@ impl UsbGadget {
                         trace!("unbind in-progress (#{attempt}) - waiting…");
                         thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(100));
                     }
-                    Err(err) => return Err(err)
+                    Err(err) => return Err(err).context("UDC unbind failed irrecoverably"),
-                        .context("UDC unbind failed irrecoverably"),
                 }
             }
             thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(150)); // let the core quiesce
@@ -208,8 +251,7 @@ impl UsbGadget {
                         trace!("bind busy (#{attempt}) - retrying…");
                         thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(100));
                     }
-                    Err(err) => return Err(err)
+                    Err(err) => return Err(err).context("UDC bind failed irrecoverably"),
-                        .context("UDC bind failed irrecoverably"),
                 }
             }
         }

server/src/handshake.rs

@@ -5,11 +5,9 @@ use lesavka_common::lesavka::{
     Empty, HandshakeSet,
     handshake_server::{Handshake, HandshakeServer},
 };
+use crate::camera;
 
-pub struct HandshakeSvc {
+pub struct HandshakeSvc;
-    pub camera:     bool,
-    pub microphone: bool,
-}
 
 #[tonic::async_trait]
 impl Handshake for HandshakeSvc {
@@ -17,15 +15,26 @@ impl Handshake for HandshakeSvc {
         &self,
         _req: Request<Empty>,
     ) -> Result<Response<HandshakeSet>, Status> {
+        let cfg = camera::update_camera_config();
+        let camera_enabled = match cfg.output {
+            camera::CameraOutput::Uvc => std::env::var("LESAVKA_DISABLE_UVC").is_err(),
+            camera::CameraOutput::Hdmi => true,
+        };
+        let microphone = std::env::var("LESAVKA_DISABLE_UAC").is_err();
         Ok(Response::new(HandshakeSet {
-            camera:     self.camera,
+            camera: camera_enabled,
-            microphone: self.microphone,
+            microphone,
+            camera_output: cfg.output.as_str().to_string(),
+            camera_codec: cfg.codec.as_str().to_string(),
+            camera_width: cfg.width,
+            camera_height: cfg.height,
+            camera_fps: cfg.fps,
         }))
     }
 }
 
 impl HandshakeSvc {
     pub fn server() -> HandshakeServer<Self> {
-        HandshakeServer::new(Self { camera: true, microphone: true })
+        HandshakeServer::new(Self)
     }
 }

server/src/lib.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 // server/src/lib.rs
 
 pub mod audio;
-pub mod video;
+pub mod camera;
 pub mod gadget;
 pub mod handshake;
+pub mod video;

server/src/main.rs

@@ -1,60 +1,50 @@
-//! lesavka-server - **auto-cycle disabled**
+//! lesavka-server - gadget cycle guarded by env
 // server/src/main.rs
 #![forbid(unsafe_code)]
 
-use std::{panic, backtrace::Backtrace, pin::Pin, sync::Arc};
-use std::sync::atomic::AtomicBool;
-use std::time::{Duration, SystemTime, UNIX_EPOCH};
 use anyhow::Context as _;
 use futures_util::{Stream, StreamExt};
-use tokio::{
-    fs::{OpenOptions},
-    io::AsyncWriteExt,
-    sync::Mutex,
-};
 use gstreamer as gst;
+use std::path::Path;
+use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering};
+use std::time::{Duration, SystemTime, UNIX_EPOCH};
+use std::{backtrace::Backtrace, panic, pin::Pin, sync::Arc};
+use tokio::{fs::OpenOptions, io::AsyncWriteExt, process::Command, sync::Mutex};
 use tokio_stream::wrappers::ReceiverStream;
-use tonic::{Request, Response, Status};
 use tonic::transport::Server;
-use tonic_reflection::server::{Builder as ReflBuilder};
+use tonic::{Request, Response, Status};
-use tracing::{info, warn, error, trace, debug};
+use tonic_reflection::server::Builder as ReflBuilder;
-use tracing_subscriber::{filter::EnvFilter, fmt, prelude::*};
+use tracing::{debug, error, info, trace, warn};
 use tracing_appender::non_blocking::WorkerGuard;
+use tracing_subscriber::{filter::EnvFilter, fmt, prelude::*};
 
 use lesavka_common::lesavka::{
-    Empty, ResetUsbReply,
+    AudioPacket, Empty, KeyboardReport, MonitorRequest, MouseReport, ResetUsbReply, VideoPacket,
     relay_server::{Relay, RelayServer},
-    KeyboardReport, MouseReport, 
-    MonitorRequest, VideoPacket, AudioPacket
 };
 
-use lesavka_server::{gadget::UsbGadget, video, audio, handshake::HandshakeSvc};
+use lesavka_server::{audio, camera, gadget::UsbGadget, handshake::HandshakeSvc, video};
 
 /*──────────────── constants ────────────────*/
-/// **false** = never reset automatically.  
-const AUTO_CYCLE: bool = false;
 const VERSION: &str = env!("CARGO_PKG_VERSION");
 const PKG_NAME: &str = env!("CARGO_PKG_NAME");
 
 /*──────────────── logging ───────────────────*/
 fn init_tracing() -> anyhow::Result<WorkerGuard> {
     let file = std::fs::OpenOptions::new()
-        .create(true).truncate(true).write(true)
+        .create(true)
+        .truncate(true)
+        .write(true)
         .open("/tmp/lesavka-server.log")?;
     let (file_writer, guard) = tracing_appender::non_blocking(file);
 
-    let env_filter = EnvFilter::try_from_default_env().unwrap_or_else(|_| {
+    let env_filter = EnvFilter::try_from_default_env()
-        EnvFilter::new("lesavka_server=info,lesavka_server::video=warn")
+        .unwrap_or_else(|_| EnvFilter::new("lesavka_server=info,lesavka_server::video=warn"));
-    });
     let filter_str = env_filter.to_string();
 
     tracing_subscriber::registry()
         .with(env_filter)
-        .with(
+        .with(fmt::layer().with_target(true).with_thread_ids(true))
-            fmt::layer()
-                .with_target(true)
-                .with_thread_ids(true),
-        )
         .with(
             fmt::layer()
                 .with_writer(file_writer)
@@ -69,9 +59,13 @@ fn init_tracing() -> anyhow::Result<WorkerGuard> {
 
 /*──────────────── helpers ───────────────────*/
 async fn open_with_retry(path: &str) -> anyhow::Result<tokio::fs::File> {
-    for attempt in 1..=200 {                       // ≈10 s
+    for attempt in 1..=200 {
+        // ≈10 s
         match OpenOptions::new()
-            .write(true).custom_flags(libc::O_NONBLOCK).open(path).await
+            .write(true)
+            .custom_flags(libc::O_NONBLOCK)
+            .open(path)
+            .await
         {
             Ok(f) => {
                 info!("✅ {path} opened on attempt #{attempt}");
@@ -88,28 +82,201 @@ async fn open_with_retry(path: &str) -> anyhow::Result<tokio::fs::File> {
 }
 
 fn next_minute() -> SystemTime {
-    let now = SystemTime::now()
+    let now = SystemTime::now().duration_since(UNIX_EPOCH).unwrap();
-        .duration_since(UNIX_EPOCH).unwrap();
     let secs = now.as_secs();
     let next = (secs / 60 + 1) * 60;
     UNIX_EPOCH + Duration::from_secs(next)
 }
 
+fn allow_gadget_cycle() -> bool {
+    std::env::var("LESAVKA_ALLOW_GADGET_CYCLE").is_ok()
+}
+
+async fn recover_hid_if_needed(
+    err: &std::io::Error,
+    gadget: UsbGadget,
+    kb: Arc<Mutex<tokio::fs::File>>,
+    ms: Arc<Mutex<tokio::fs::File>>,
+    did_cycle: Arc<AtomicBool>,
+) {
+    let code = err.raw_os_error();
+    let should_recover = matches!(
+        code,
+        Some(libc::ENOTCONN) | Some(libc::ESHUTDOWN) | Some(libc::EPIPE)
+    );
+    if !should_recover {
+        return;
+    }
+    if did_cycle
+        .compare_exchange(false, true, Ordering::SeqCst, Ordering::SeqCst)
+        .is_err()
+    {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    let allow_cycle = allow_gadget_cycle();
+    tokio::spawn(async move {
+        if allow_cycle {
+            warn!("🔁 HID transport down (errno={code:?}) - cycling gadget");
+            match tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || gadget.cycle()).await {
+                Ok(Ok(())) => info!("✅ USB gadget cycle complete (auto-recover)"),
+                Ok(Err(e)) => error!("💥 USB gadget cycle failed: {e:#}"),
+                Err(e) => error!("💥 USB gadget cycle task panicked: {e:#}"),
+            }
+        } else {
+            warn!(
+                "🔒 HID transport down (errno={code:?}) - gadget cycle disabled; set LESAVKA_ALLOW_GADGET_CYCLE=1 to enable"
+            );
+        }
+
+        if let Err(e) = async {
+            let kb_new = open_with_retry("/dev/hidg0").await?;
+            let ms_new = open_with_retry("/dev/hidg1").await?;
+            *kb.lock().await = kb_new;
+            *ms.lock().await = ms_new;
+            Ok::<(), anyhow::Error>(())
+        }
+        .await
+        {
+            error!("💥 HID reopen failed: {e:#}");
+        }
+
+        tokio::time::sleep(Duration::from_secs(2)).await;
+        did_cycle.store(false, Ordering::SeqCst);
+    });
+}
+
+/// Pick the UVC gadget video node.
+/// Priority: 1) `LESAVKA_UVC_DEV` override; 2) first `video_output` node.
+/// Returns an error when nothing matches instead of guessing a capture card.
+fn pick_uvc_device() -> anyhow::Result<String> {
+    if let Ok(path) = std::env::var("LESAVKA_UVC_DEV") {
+        return Ok(path);
+    }
+
+    let ctrl = UsbGadget::find_controller().ok();
+    if let Some(ctrl) = ctrl.as_deref() {
+        let by_path = format!("/dev/v4l/by-path/platform-{ctrl}-video-index0");
+        if Path::new(&by_path).exists() {
+            return Ok(by_path);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // walk /dev/video* via udev and look for an output‑capable node (gadget exposes one)
+    let mut fallback: Option<String> = None;
+    if let Ok(mut en) = udev::Enumerator::new() {
+        let _ = en.match_subsystem("video4linux");
+        if let Ok(devs) = en.scan_devices() {
+            for dev in devs {
+                let caps = dev
+                    .property_value("ID_V4L_CAPABILITIES")
+                    .and_then(|v| v.to_str())
+                    .unwrap_or_default();
+                if !caps.contains(":video_output:") {
+                    continue;
+                }
+                let Some(node) = dev.devnode() else { continue };
+                let node = node.to_string_lossy().into_owned();
+                let product = dev
+                    .property_value("ID_V4L_PRODUCT")
+                    .and_then(|v| v.to_str())
+                    .unwrap_or_default();
+                let path = dev
+                    .property_value("ID_PATH")
+                    .and_then(|v| v.to_str())
+                    .unwrap_or_default();
+                if let Some(ctrl) = ctrl.as_deref() {
+                    if product == ctrl || path.contains(ctrl) {
+                        return Ok(node);
+                    }
+                }
+                if fallback.is_none() {
+                    fallback = Some(node);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if let Some(node) = fallback {
+        return Ok(node);
+    }
+
+    Err(anyhow::anyhow!(
+        "no video_output v4l2 node found; set LESAVKA_UVC_DEV"
+    ))
+}
+
+fn uvc_ctrl_bin() -> String {
+    std::env::var("LESAVKA_UVC_CTRL_BIN")
+        .unwrap_or_else(|_| "/usr/local/bin/lesavka-uvc".to_string())
+}
+
+fn spawn_uvc_control(bin: &str, uvc_dev: &str) -> anyhow::Result<tokio::process::Child> {
+    Command::new(bin)
+        .arg("--device")
+        .arg(uvc_dev)
+        .spawn()
+        .context("spawning lesavka-uvc")
+}
+
+async fn supervise_uvc_control(bin: String) {
+    let mut waiting_logged = false;
+    loop {
+        let uvc_dev = match pick_uvc_device() {
+            Ok(dev) => {
+                if waiting_logged {
+                    info!(%dev, "📷 UVC device discovered");
+                    waiting_logged = false;
+                }
+                dev
+            }
+            Err(e) => {
+                if !waiting_logged {
+                    warn!("⚠️  UVC device not ready: {e:#}");
+                    waiting_logged = true;
+                }
+                tokio::time::sleep(Duration::from_secs(2)).await;
+                continue;
+            }
+        };
+
+        match spawn_uvc_control(&bin, &uvc_dev) {
+            Ok(mut child) => {
+                info!(%uvc_dev, "📷 UVC control helper started");
+                match child.wait().await {
+                    Ok(status) => {
+                        warn!(%uvc_dev, "⚠️  lesavka-uvc exited: {status}");
+                    }
+                    Err(e) => {
+                        warn!(%uvc_dev, "⚠️  lesavka-uvc wait failed: {e:#}");
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            Err(e) => {
+                warn!(%uvc_dev, "⚠️  failed to start lesavka-uvc: {e:#}");
+            }
+        }
+
+        tokio::time::sleep(Duration::from_secs(2)).await;
+    }
+}
+
 /*──────────────── Handler ───────────────────*/
 struct Handler {
     kb: Arc<Mutex<tokio::fs::File>>,
     ms: Arc<Mutex<tokio::fs::File>>,
     gadget: UsbGadget,
-    did_cycle: AtomicBool,
+    did_cycle: Arc<AtomicBool>,
 }
 
 impl Handler {
     async fn new(gadget: UsbGadget) -> anyhow::Result<Self> {
-        if AUTO_CYCLE {
+        if allow_gadget_cycle() {
             info!("🛠️  Initial USB reset…");
             let _ = gadget.cycle(); // ignore failure - may boot without host
         } else {
-            info!("🛠️  AUTO_CYCLE disabled - no initial reset");
+            info!(
+                "🔒 gadget cycle disabled at startup (set LESAVKA_ALLOW_GADGET_CYCLE=1 to enable)"
+            );
         }
 
         info!("🛠️  opening HID endpoints …");
@@ -121,7 +288,7 @@ impl Handler {
             kb: Arc::new(Mutex::new(kb)),
             ms: Arc::new(Mutex::new(ms)),
             gadget,
-            did_cycle: AtomicBool::new(false),
+            did_cycle: Arc::new(AtomicBool::new(false)),
         })
     }
 
@@ -151,12 +318,23 @@ impl Relay for Handler {
     ) -> Result<Response<Self::StreamKeyboardStream>, Status> {
         let (tx, rx) = tokio::sync::mpsc::channel(32);
         let kb = self.kb.clone();
+        let ms = self.ms.clone();
+        let gadget = self.gadget.clone();
+        let did_cycle = self.did_cycle.clone();
 
         tokio::spawn(async move {
             let mut s = req.into_inner();
             while let Some(pkt) = s.next().await.transpose()? {
                 if let Err(e) = kb.lock().await.write_all(&pkt.data).await {
                     warn!("⌨️  write failed: {e} (dropped)");
+                    recover_hid_if_needed(
+                        &e,
+                        gadget.clone(),
+                        kb.clone(),
+                        ms.clone(),
+                        did_cycle.clone(),
+                    )
+                    .await;
                 }
                 tx.send(Ok(pkt)).await.ok();
             }
@@ -172,12 +350,23 @@ impl Relay for Handler {
     ) -> Result<Response<Self::StreamMouseStream>, Status> {
         let (tx, rx) = tokio::sync::mpsc::channel(1024);
         let ms = self.ms.clone();
+        let kb = self.kb.clone();
+        let gadget = self.gadget.clone();
+        let did_cycle = self.did_cycle.clone();
 
         tokio::spawn(async move {
             let mut s = req.into_inner();
             while let Some(pkt) = s.next().await.transpose()? {
                 if let Err(e) = ms.lock().await.write_all(&pkt.data).await {
                     warn!("🖱️  write failed: {e} (dropped)");
+                    recover_hid_if_needed(
+                        &e,
+                        gadget.clone(),
+                        kb.clone(),
+                        ms.clone(),
+                        did_cycle.clone(),
+                    )
+                    .await;
                 }
                 tx.send(Ok(pkt)).await.ok();
             }
@@ -191,9 +380,11 @@ impl Relay for Handler {
         &self,
         req: Request<tonic::Streaming<AudioPacket>>,
     ) -> Result<Response<Self::StreamMicrophoneStream>, Status> {
-
         // 1 ─ build once, early
-        let mut sink = audio::Voice::new("hw:UAC2Gadget,0").await
+        let uac_dev = std::env::var("LESAVKA_UAC_DEV").unwrap_or_else(|_| "hw:UAC2Gadget,0".into());
+        info!(%uac_dev, "🎤 stream_microphone using UAC sink");
+        let mut sink = audio::Voice::new(&uac_dev)
+            .await
             .map_err(|e| Status::internal(format!("{e:#}")))?;
 
         // 2 ─ dummy outbound stream (same trick as before)
@@ -202,8 +393,7 @@ impl Relay for Handler {
         // 3 ─ drive the sink in a background task
         tokio::spawn(async move {
             let mut inbound = req.into_inner();
-            static CNT: std::sync::atomic::AtomicU64 =
+            static CNT: std::sync::atomic::AtomicU64 = std::sync::atomic::AtomicU64::new(0);
-                std::sync::atomic::AtomicU64::new(0);
 
             while let Some(pkt) = inbound.next().await.transpose()? {
                 let n = CNT.fetch_add(1, std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Relaxed);
@@ -224,13 +414,32 @@ impl Relay for Handler {
         &self,
         req: Request<tonic::Streaming<VideoPacket>>,
     ) -> Result<Response<Self::StreamCameraStream>, Status> {
-        // map gRPC camera id → UVC device
+        let cfg = camera::current_camera_config();
-        let uvc = std::env::var("LESAVKA_UVC_DEV")
+        info!(
-            .unwrap_or_else(|_| "/dev/video4".into());
+            output = cfg.output.as_str(),
+            codec = cfg.codec.as_str(),
+            width = cfg.width,
+            height = cfg.height,
+            fps = cfg.fps,
+            hdmi = cfg.hdmi.as_ref().map(|h| h.name.as_str()).unwrap_or("none"),
+            "🎥 stream_camera output selected"
+        );
 
-        // build once
+        let relay = match cfg.output {
-        let relay = video::CameraRelay::new(0, &uvc)
+            camera::CameraOutput::Uvc => {
-            .map_err(|e| Status::internal(format!("{e:#}")))?;
+                if std::env::var("LESAVKA_DISABLE_UVC").is_ok() {
+                    return Err(Status::failed_precondition(
+                        "UVC output disabled (LESAVKA_DISABLE_UVC set)",
+                    ));
+                }
+                let uvc = pick_uvc_device().map_err(|e| Status::internal(format!("{e:#}")))?;
+                info!(%uvc, "🎥 stream_camera using UVC sink");
+                video::CameraRelay::new_uvc(0, &uvc, &cfg)
+                    .map_err(|e| Status::internal(format!("{e:#}")))?
+            }
+            camera::CameraOutput::Hdmi => video::CameraRelay::new_hdmi(0, &cfg)
+                .map_err(|e| Status::internal(format!("{e:#}")))?,
+        };
 
         // dummy outbound (same pattern as other streams)
         let (tx, rx) = tokio::sync::mpsc::channel(1);
@@ -271,8 +480,7 @@ impl Relay for Handler {
         // Only one speaker stream for now; both 0/1 → same ALSA dev.
         let _id = req.into_inner().id;
         // Allow override (`LESAVKA_ALSA_DEV=hw:2,0` for debugging).
-        let dev = std::env::var("LESAVKA_ALSA_DEV")
+        let dev = std::env::var("LESAVKA_ALSA_DEV").unwrap_or_else(|_| "hw:UAC2Gadget,0".into());
-            .unwrap_or_else(|_| "hw:UAC2Gadget,0".into());
 
         let s = audio::ear(&dev, 0)
             .await
@@ -282,10 +490,7 @@ impl Relay for Handler {
     }
 
     /*────────────── USB-reset RPC ────────────*/
-    async fn reset_usb(
+    async fn reset_usb(&self, _req: Request<Empty>) -> Result<Response<ResetUsbReply>, Status> {
-        &self,
-        _req: Request<Empty>,
-    ) -> Result<Response<ResetUsbReply>, Status> {
         info!("🔴 explicit ResetUsb() called");
         match self.gadget.cycle() {
             Ok(_) => {
@@ -315,6 +520,16 @@ async fn main() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
     }));
 
     let gadget = UsbGadget::new("lesavka");
+    if std::env::var("LESAVKA_DISABLE_UVC").is_err() {
+        if std::env::var("LESAVKA_UVC_EXTERNAL").is_ok() {
+            info!("📷 UVC control helper external; not spawning");
+        } else {
+            let bin = uvc_ctrl_bin();
+            tokio::spawn(supervise_uvc_control(bin));
+        }
+    } else {
+        info!("📷 UVC disabled (LESAVKA_DISABLE_UVC set)");
+    }
     let handler = Handler::new(gadget.clone()).await?;
 
     info!("🌐 lesavka-server listening on 0.0.0.0:50051");

server/src/video.rs

@@ -1,19 +1,74 @@
 // server/src/video.rs
 
 use anyhow::Context;
+use futures_util::Stream;
+use gst::MessageView;
+use gst::MessageView::*;
+use gst::prelude::*;
 use gstreamer as gst;
 use gstreamer_app as gst_app;
-use gst::prelude::*;
-use gst::{log, MessageView};
-use gst::MessageView::*;
 use lesavka_common::lesavka::VideoPacket;
+use std::sync::Arc;
+use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicU64, Ordering};
 use tokio_stream::wrappers::ReceiverStream;
 use tonic::Status;
-use tracing::{debug, warn, error, info, enabled, trace, Level};
+use tracing::{Level, debug, enabled, error, info, trace, warn};
-use futures_util::Stream;
+
+use crate::camera::{CameraCodec, CameraConfig};
 
 const EYE_ID: [&str; 2] = ["l", "r"];
 static START: std::sync::OnceLock<gst::ClockTime> = std::sync::OnceLock::new();
+static DEV_MODE: std::sync::OnceLock<bool> = std::sync::OnceLock::new();
+
+fn env_u32(name: &str, default: u32) -> u32 {
+    std::env::var(name)
+        .ok()
+        .and_then(|v| v.parse::<u32>().ok())
+        .unwrap_or(default)
+}
+
+fn dev_mode_enabled() -> bool {
+    *DEV_MODE.get_or_init(|| std::env::var("LESAVKA_DEV_MODE").is_ok())
+}
+
+fn pick_h264_decoder() -> &'static str {
+    if gst::ElementFactory::find("v4l2h264dec").is_some() {
+        "v4l2h264dec"
+    } else if gst::ElementFactory::find("v4l2slh264dec").is_some() {
+        "v4l2slh264dec"
+    } else if gst::ElementFactory::find("omxh264dec").is_some() {
+        "omxh264dec"
+    } else {
+        "avdec_h264"
+    }
+}
+
+fn contains_idr(h264: &[u8]) -> bool {
+    // naive Annex‑B scan for H.264 IDR (NAL type 5)
+    let mut i = 0;
+    while i + 4 < h264.len() {
+        // find start code 0x000001 or 0x00000001
+        if h264[i] == 0 && h264[i + 1] == 0 {
+            let offset = if h264[i + 2] == 1 {
+                3
+            } else if h264[i + 2] == 0 && h264[i + 3] == 1 {
+                4
+            } else {
+                i += 1;
+                continue;
+            };
+            let nal_idx = i + offset;
+            if nal_idx < h264.len() {
+                let nal = h264[nal_idx] & 0x1F;
+                if nal == 5 {
+                    return true;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        i += 1;
+    }
+    false
+}
 
 pub struct VideoStream {
     _pipeline: gst::Pipeline,
@@ -37,14 +92,18 @@ impl Drop for VideoStream {
     }
 }
 
-pub async fn eye_ball(
+pub async fn eye_ball(dev: &str, id: u32, _max_bitrate_kbit: u32) -> anyhow::Result<VideoStream> {
-    dev: &str,
-    id: u32,
-    _max_bitrate_kbit: u32,
-) -> anyhow::Result<VideoStream> {
     let eye = EYE_ID[id as usize];
     gst::init().context("gst init")?;
 
+    let target_fps = env_u32("LESAVKA_EYE_FPS", 25);
+    let frame_interval_us = if target_fps == 0 {
+        0
+    } else {
+        (1_000_000 / target_fps) as u64
+    };
+    let last_sent = Arc::new(AtomicU64::new(0));
+
     let desc = format!(
         "v4l2src name=cam_{eye} device=\"{dev}\" io-mode=mmap do-timestamp=true ! \
          queue ! \
@@ -79,8 +138,10 @@ pub async fn eye_ball(
 
     /* ----- BUS WATCH: show errors & warnings immediately --------------- */
     let bus = pipeline.bus().expect("bus");
-    if let Some(src_pad) = pipeline.by_name(&format!("cam_{eye}"))
+    if let Some(src_pad) = pipeline
-                                   .and_then(|e| e.static_pad("src")) {
+        .by_name(&format!("cam_{eye}"))
+        .and_then(|e| e.static_pad("src"))
+    {
         src_pad.add_probe(gst::PadProbeType::EVENT_DOWNSTREAM, |pad, info| {
             if let Some(gst::PadProbeData::Event(ref ev)) = info.data {
                 if let gst::EventView::Caps(c) = ev.view() {
@@ -128,6 +189,7 @@ pub async fn eye_ball(
         }
     });
 
+    let last_sent_cloned = last_sent.clone();
     sink.set_callbacks(
         gst_app::AppSinkCallbacks::builder()
             .new_sample(move |sink| {
@@ -139,10 +201,9 @@ pub async fn eye_ball(
                 let map = buffer.map_readable().map_err(|_| gst::FlowError::Error)?;
 
                 /* -------- basic counters ------ */
-                static FRAME: std::sync::atomic::AtomicU64 =
+                static FRAME: std::sync::atomic::AtomicU64 = std::sync::atomic::AtomicU64::new(0);
-                    std::sync::atomic::AtomicU64::new(0);
                 let n = FRAME.fetch_add(1, std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Relaxed);
-                if n % 120 == 0 {
+                if n % 120 == 0 && contains_idr(map.as_slice()) {
                     trace!(target: "lesavka_server::video", "eye-{eye}: delivered {n} frames");
                     if enabled!(Level::TRACE) {
                         let path = format!("/tmp/eye-{eye}-srv-{:05}.h264", n);
@@ -157,7 +218,9 @@ pub async fn eye_ball(
                 /* -------- detect SPS / IDR ---- */
                 if enabled!(Level::DEBUG) {
                     if let Some(&nal) = map.as_slice().get(4) {
-                        if (nal & 0x1F) == 0x05 /* IDR */ {
+                        if (nal & 0x1F) == 0x05
+                        /* IDR */
+                        {
                             debug!("eye-{eye}: IDR");
                         }
                     }
@@ -172,10 +235,22 @@ pub async fn eye_ball(
                     .nseconds()
                     / 1_000;
 
+                if frame_interval_us > 0 {
+                    let last = last_sent_cloned.load(Ordering::Relaxed);
+                    if last != 0 && pts_us.saturating_sub(last) < frame_interval_us {
+                        return Ok(gst::FlowSuccess::Ok);
+                    }
+                    last_sent_cloned.store(pts_us, Ordering::Relaxed);
+                }
+
                 /* -------- ship over gRPC ----- */
                 let data = map.as_slice().to_vec();
                 let size = data.len();
-                let pkt = VideoPacket { id, pts: pts_us, data };
+                let pkt = VideoPacket {
+                    id,
+                    pts: pts_us,
+                    data,
+                };
                 match tx.try_send(Ok(pkt)) {
                     Ok(_) => {
                         trace!(target:"lesavka_server::video",
@@ -202,17 +277,26 @@ pub async fn eye_ball(
             .build(),
     );
 
-    pipeline.set_state(gst::State::Playing).context("🎥 starting video pipeline eye-{eye}")?;
+    pipeline
+        .set_state(gst::State::Playing)
+        .context("🎥 starting video pipeline eye-{eye}")?;
     let bus = pipeline.bus().unwrap();
     loop {
         match bus.timed_pop(gst::ClockTime::NONE) {
-            Some(msg) if matches!(msg.view(), MessageView::StateChanged(s)
+            Some(msg)
-                        if s.current() == gst::State::Playing) => break,
+                if matches!(msg.view(), MessageView::StateChanged(s)
+                        if s.current() == gst::State::Playing) =>
+            {
+                break;
+            }
             Some(_) => continue,
             None => continue,
         }
     }
-    Ok(VideoStream { _pipeline: pipeline, inner: ReceiverStream::new(rx) })
+    Ok(VideoStream {
+        _pipeline: pipeline,
+        inner: ReceiverStream::new(rx),
+    })
 }
 
 pub struct WebcamSink {
@@ -221,10 +305,131 @@ pub struct WebcamSink {
 }
 
 impl WebcamSink {
-    pub fn new(uvc_dev: &str) -> anyhow::Result<Self> {
+    pub fn new(uvc_dev: &str, cfg: &CameraConfig) -> anyhow::Result<Self> {
         gst::init()?;
 
         let pipeline = gst::Pipeline::new();
+
+        let width = cfg.width as i32;
+        let height = cfg.height as i32;
+        let fps = cfg.fps.max(1) as i32;
+        let use_mjpeg = matches!(cfg.codec, CameraCodec::Mjpeg);
+
+        let src = gst::ElementFactory::make("appsrc")
+            .build()?
+            .downcast::<gst_app::AppSrc>()
+            .expect("appsrc");
+        src.set_is_live(true);
+        src.set_format(gst::Format::Time);
+        let block = std::env::var("LESAVKA_UVC_APP_BLOCK")
+            .ok()
+            .map(|v| v != "0")
+            .unwrap_or(false);
+        src.set_property("block", &block);
+
+        if use_mjpeg {
+            let caps_mjpeg = gst::Caps::builder("image/jpeg")
+                .field("parsed", true)
+                .field("width", width)
+                .field("height", height)
+                .field("framerate", gst::Fraction::new(fps, 1))
+                .field("pixel-aspect-ratio", gst::Fraction::new(1, 1))
+                .field("colorimetry", "2:4:7:1")
+                .build();
+            src.set_caps(Some(&caps_mjpeg));
+
+            let queue = gst::ElementFactory::make("queue").build()?;
+            let capsfilter = gst::ElementFactory::make("capsfilter")
+                .property("caps", &caps_mjpeg)
+                .build()?;
+            let sink = gst::ElementFactory::make("v4l2sink")
+                .property("device", &uvc_dev)
+                .property("sync", &false)
+                .build()?;
+
+            pipeline.add_many(&[src.upcast_ref(), &queue, &capsfilter, &sink])?;
+            gst::Element::link_many(&[src.upcast_ref(), &queue, &capsfilter, &sink])?;
+        } else {
+            let caps_h264 = gst::Caps::builder("video/x-h264")
+                .field("stream-format", "byte-stream")
+                .field("alignment", "au")
+                .build();
+            let raw_caps = gst::Caps::builder("video/x-raw")
+                .field("format", "YUY2")
+                .field("width", width)
+                .field("height", height)
+                .field("framerate", gst::Fraction::new(fps, 1))
+                .build();
+            src.set_caps(Some(&caps_h264));
+
+            let h264parse = gst::ElementFactory::make("h264parse").build()?;
+            let decoder_name = pick_h264_decoder();
+            let decoder = gst::ElementFactory::make(decoder_name)
+                .build()
+                .with_context(|| format!("building decoder element {decoder_name}"))?;
+            let convert = gst::ElementFactory::make("videoconvert").build()?;
+            let scale = gst::ElementFactory::make("videoscale").build()?;
+            let caps = gst::ElementFactory::make("capsfilter")
+                .property("caps", &raw_caps)
+                .build()?;
+            let sink = gst::ElementFactory::make("v4l2sink")
+                .property("device", &uvc_dev)
+                .property("sync", &false)
+                .build()?;
+
+            pipeline.add_many(&[
+                src.upcast_ref(),
+                &h264parse,
+                &decoder,
+                &convert,
+                &scale,
+                &caps,
+                &sink,
+            ])?;
+            gst::Element::link_many(&[
+                src.upcast_ref(),
+                &h264parse,
+                &decoder,
+                &convert,
+                &scale,
+                &caps,
+                &sink,
+            ])?;
+        }
+        pipeline.set_state(gst::State::Playing)?;
+
+        Ok(Self {
+            appsrc: src,
+            _pipe: pipeline,
+        })
+    }
+
+    pub fn push(&self, pkt: VideoPacket) {
+        let mut buf = gst::Buffer::from_slice(pkt.data);
+        buf.get_mut()
+            .unwrap()
+            .set_pts(Some(gst::ClockTime::from_useconds(pkt.pts)));
+        if let Err(err) = self.appsrc.push_buffer(buf) {
+            tracing::warn!(target:"lesavka_server::video", %err, "📸⚠️  appsrc push failed");
+        }
+    }
+
+}
+
+pub struct HdmiSink {
+    appsrc: gst_app::AppSrc,
+    _pipe: gst::Pipeline,
+}
+
+impl HdmiSink {
+    pub fn new(cfg: &CameraConfig) -> anyhow::Result<Self> {
+        gst::init()?;
+
+        let pipeline = gst::Pipeline::new();
+        let width = cfg.width as i32;
+        let height = cfg.height as i32;
+        let fps = cfg.fps.max(1) as i32;
+
         let src = gst::ElementFactory::make("appsrc")
             .build()?
             .downcast::<gst_app::AppSrc>()
@@ -232,48 +437,172 @@ impl WebcamSink {
         src.set_is_live(true);
         src.set_format(gst::Format::Time);
 
-        let h264parse = gst::ElementFactory::make("h264parse").build()?;
+        let raw_caps = gst::Caps::builder("video/x-raw")
-        let decoder   = gst::ElementFactory::make("v4l2h264dec").build()?;
+            .field("width", width)
-        let convert   = gst::ElementFactory::make("videoconvert").build()?;
+            .field("height", height)
-        let sink      = gst::ElementFactory::make("v4l2sink")
+            .field("framerate", gst::Fraction::new(fps, 1))
-                           .property("device", &uvc_dev)
+            .build();
-                           .property("sync", &false)
+        let capsfilter = gst::ElementFactory::make("capsfilter")
+            .property("caps", &raw_caps)
             .build()?;
 
-        // Up‑cast to &gst::Element for the collection macros
+        let queue = gst::ElementFactory::make("queue")
+            .property("max-size-buffers", 4u32)
+            .build()?;
+        let convert = gst::ElementFactory::make("videoconvert").build()?;
+        let scale = gst::ElementFactory::make("videoscale").build()?;
+        let sink = build_hdmi_sink(cfg)?;
+
+        match cfg.codec {
+            CameraCodec::H264 => {
+                let caps_h264 = gst::Caps::builder("video/x-h264")
+                    .field("stream-format", "byte-stream")
+                    .field("alignment", "au")
+                    .build();
+                src.set_caps(Some(&caps_h264));
+                let h264parse = gst::ElementFactory::make("h264parse").build()?;
+                let decoder_name = pick_h264_decoder();
+                let decoder = gst::ElementFactory::make(decoder_name)
+                    .build()
+                    .with_context(|| format!("building decoder element {decoder_name}"))?;
+
                 pipeline.add_many(&[
-            src.upcast_ref(), &h264parse, &decoder, &convert, &sink
+                    src.upcast_ref(),
+                    &queue,
+                    &h264parse,
+                    &decoder,
+                    &convert,
+                    &scale,
+                    &capsfilter,
+                    &sink,
                 ])?;
                 gst::Element::link_many(&[
-            src.upcast_ref(), &h264parse, &decoder, &convert, &sink
+                    src.upcast_ref(),
+                    &queue,
+                    &h264parse,
+                    &decoder,
+                    &convert,
+                    &scale,
+                    &capsfilter,
+                    &sink,
                 ])?;
-        pipeline.set_state(gst::State::Playing)?;
+            }
+            CameraCodec::Mjpeg => {
+                let caps_mjpeg = gst::Caps::builder("image/jpeg")
+                    .field("parsed", true)
+                    .field("width", width)
+                    .field("height", height)
+                    .field("framerate", gst::Fraction::new(fps, 1))
+                    .build();
+                src.set_caps(Some(&caps_mjpeg));
+                let jpegdec = gst::ElementFactory::make("jpegdec").build()?;
 
-        Ok(Self { appsrc: src, _pipe: pipeline })
+                pipeline.add_many(&[
+                    src.upcast_ref(),
+                    &queue,
+                    &jpegdec,
+                    &convert,
+                    &scale,
+                    &capsfilter,
+                    &sink,
+                ])?;
+                gst::Element::link_many(&[
+                    src.upcast_ref(),
+                    &queue,
+                    &jpegdec,
+                    &convert,
+                    &scale,
+                    &capsfilter,
+                    &sink,
+                ])?;
+            }
+        }
+
+        pipeline.set_state(gst::State::Playing)?;
+        Ok(Self {
+            appsrc: src,
+            _pipe: pipeline,
+        })
     }
 
     pub fn push(&self, pkt: VideoPacket) {
         let mut buf = gst::Buffer::from_slice(pkt.data);
-        buf.get_mut().unwrap()
+        buf.get_mut()
+            .unwrap()
             .set_pts(Some(gst::ClockTime::from_useconds(pkt.pts)));
-        let _ = self.appsrc.push_buffer(buf);
+        if let Err(err) = self.appsrc.push_buffer(buf) {
+            tracing::warn!(target:"lesavka_server::video", %err, "📺⚠️  HDMI appsrc push failed");
+        }
     }
 }
 
+fn build_hdmi_sink(cfg: &CameraConfig) -> anyhow::Result<gst::Element> {
+    if let Ok(name) = std::env::var("LESAVKA_HDMI_SINK") {
+        return gst::ElementFactory::make(&name)
+            .build()
+            .context("building HDMI sink");
+    }
+
+    if gst::ElementFactory::find("kmssink").is_some() {
+        let sink = gst::ElementFactory::make("kmssink").build()?;
+        if let Some(connector) = cfg.hdmi.as_ref().and_then(|h| h.id) {
+            if sink.has_property("connector-id", None) {
+                sink.set_property("connector-id", &(connector as i32));
+            } else {
+                tracing::warn!(
+                    target: "lesavka_server::video",
+                    %connector,
+                    "kmssink does not expose connector-id property; using default connector"
+                );
+            }
+        }
+        sink.set_property("sync", &false);
+        return Ok(sink);
+    }
+
+    let sink = gst::ElementFactory::make("autovideosink")
+        .build()
+        .context("building HDMI sink")?;
+    let _ = sink.set_property("sync", &false);
+    Ok(sink)
+}
+
 /*─────────────────────────────────*/
-/*  gRPC → WebcamSink relay        */
+/*  gRPC → CameraSink relay        */
 /*─────────────────────────────────*/
 
+enum CameraSink {
+    Uvc(WebcamSink),
+    Hdmi(HdmiSink),
+}
+
+impl CameraSink {
+    fn push(&self, pkt: VideoPacket) {
+        match self {
+            CameraSink::Uvc(sink) => sink.push(pkt),
+            CameraSink::Hdmi(sink) => sink.push(pkt),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 pub struct CameraRelay {
-    sink:  WebcamSink,             // the v4l2sink pipeline (or stub)
+    sink: CameraSink,
     id: u32, // gRPC “id” (for future multi‑cam)
     frames: std::sync::atomic::AtomicU64,
 }
 
 impl CameraRelay {
-    pub fn new(id: u32, uvc_dev: &str) -> anyhow::Result<Self> {
+    pub fn new_uvc(id: u32, uvc_dev: &str, cfg: &CameraConfig) -> anyhow::Result<Self> {
         Ok(Self {
-            sink:   WebcamSink::new(uvc_dev)?,
+            sink: CameraSink::Uvc(WebcamSink::new(uvc_dev, cfg)?),
+            id,
+            frames: std::sync::atomic::AtomicU64::new(0),
+        })
+    }
+
+    pub fn new_hdmi(id: u32, cfg: &CameraConfig) -> anyhow::Result<Self> {
+        Ok(Self {
+            sink: CameraSink::Hdmi(HdmiSink::new(cfg)?),
             id,
             frames: std::sync::atomic::AtomicU64::new(0),
         })
@@ -281,7 +610,9 @@ impl CameraRelay {
 
     /// Push one VideoPacket coming from the client
     pub fn feed(&self, pkt: VideoPacket) {
-        let n = self.frames.fetch_add(1, std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Relaxed);
+        let n = self
+            .frames
+            .fetch_add(1, std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Relaxed);
         if n < 10 || n % 60 == 0 {
             tracing::debug!(target:"lesavka_server::video",
                             cam_id = self.id,
@@ -296,8 +627,10 @@ impl CameraRelay {
                             "📸📥 srv  pkt");
         }
 
-        if cfg!(debug_assertions) || tracing::enabled!(tracing::Level::TRACE) {
+        if dev_mode_enabled()
-            if n % 120 == 0 {
+            && (cfg!(debug_assertions) || tracing::enabled!(tracing::Level::TRACE))
+            && contains_idr(&pkt.data)
+        {
             let path = format!("/tmp/eye3-cli-{n:05}.h264");
             if let Err(e) = std::fs::write(&path, &pkt.data) {
                 tracing::warn!("📸💾 dump failed: {e}");
@@ -305,7 +638,6 @@ impl CameraRelay {
                 tracing::debug!("📸💾 wrote {}", path);
             }
         }
-        }
 
         self.sink.push(pkt);
     }

server/tests/hid.rs

@@ -4,11 +4,21 @@ async fn hid_roundtrip() {
     use lesavka_server::RelaySvc; // export the struct in lib.rs
     let svc = RelaySvc::default();
     let (mut cli, srv) = tonic::transport::Channel::balance_channel(1);
-    tokio::spawn(tonic::transport::server::Server::builder()
+    tokio::spawn(
+        tonic::transport::server::Server::builder()
             .add_service(relay_server::RelayServer::new(svc))
-        .serve_with_incoming(srv));
+            .serve_with_incoming(srv),
+    );
 
-    let (mut tx, mut rx) = relay_client::RelayClient::new(cli).stream().await.unwrap().into_inner();
+    let (mut tx, mut rx) = relay_client::RelayClient::new(cli)
-    tx.send(HidReport { data: vec![0,0,4,0,0,0,0,0] }).await.unwrap();
+        .stream()
+        .await
+        .unwrap()
+        .into_inner();
+    tx.send(HidReport {
+        data: vec![0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
+    })
+    .await
+    .unwrap();
     assert!(rx.message().await.unwrap().is_none()); // nothing echoed yet
 }