# Strategy Specifications
## Deck Name And Archetype

- Strategy identity: `Dredge` is a Modern 1v1 graveyard-engine deck registered as `edge_1v1_dredge`, using dredge replacement choices, graveyard-triggered creatures, landfall recursion, flashback-style graveyard access, and draw-discard setup spells to convert library cards into battlefield pressure and direct life-total swings. The deck is UBRG by registered colors, but its practical mana priorities are red and green first, with blue enabling Otherworldly Gaze and graveyard flashback access from Steam Vents.

- Registration validation: the submitted list is exactly 60 main-deck cards and 15 sideboard cards, matching the active Modern deck-count contract. The registered main deck contains 42 nonland cards and 18 lands: 4 Stinkweed Imp, 4 Golgari Thug, 4 Narcomoeba, 4 Prized Amalgam, 4 Bloodghast, 3 Silversmote Ghoul, 2 Ox of Agonas, 4 Creeping Chill, 4 Cathartic Reunion, 4 Otherworldly Gaze, 4 Life from the Loam, 2 Conflagrate, 1 Darkblast, 4 Copperline Gorge, 4 Spirebluff Canal, 3 Bloodstained Mire, 2 Stomping Ground, 2 Steam Vents, and 1 Mountain. The sideboard is exactly 3 Nature's Claim, 3 Thoughtseize, 2 Ancient Grudge, 2 Lightning Axe, 2 Leyline of the Void, 1 Darkblast, 1 Blast Zone, and 1 Boseiju, Who Endures.

- Format status: the active validation contract says this deck passes Modern validation, so Veles should treat the list as registered and playable unless a later card-reference or rules-engine check reports a current legality conflict. The unresolved support note remains important: repeated dredge prompt behavior must be validated at runtime, because this strategy depends on choosing dredge replacements instead of normal draws in the correct order and with the correct source card.

- Stock status: this is a stock-inspired Dredge shell with edge-case testing emphasis, not a generic metagame stock list. The core engine of Stinkweed Imp, Golgari Thug, Narcomoeba, Prized Amalgam, Bloodghast, Creeping Chill, Cathartic Reunion, Life from the Loam, Conflagrate, and Ox of Agonas is recognizable Dredge structure, while Otherworldly Gaze and Silversmote Ghoul make the registered version especially sensitive to graveyard sequencing, third-life-gain timing, and exact trigger handling.

- Mechanic tags: use `dredge replacement`, `graveyard triggers`, `landfall recursion`, `replacement choice ordering`, `edge-case`, and `draft-only` as the tactical indexing tags. The `draft-only` tag should not make the pilot play experimentally inside a real game; it means this strategy specification is an edge-case seed that needs proof before showcase use.

- Mana concern: the deck has no black-producing land registered except Bloodstained Mire fetching Stomping Ground, Steam Vents, or Mountain does not directly provide black, so black cards such as Stinkweed Imp, Golgari Thug, Bloodghast, Thoughtseize, Leyline of the Void, and Darkblast must be evaluated through actual rules-engine payment options rather than assumed castability. Veles must not infer missing black sources, and should treat many black cards as primarily graveyard-engine cards unless legal mana actions prove they can be cast.

- Role concern: the main deck is not trying to play a normal fair curve. Early decisions should prioritize putting dredge cards and recursive threats into the graveyard, choosing replacement dredges once an engine exists, and using land drops to return Bloodghast while enabling Prized Amalgam triggers through Narcomoeba, Bloodghast, and Silversmote Ghoul.

- Opponent information status: no opponent deck, matchup, revealed hand, battlefield, or metagame sample is supplied in this batch. All opponent-facing tactical claims must therefore stay archetype-conditional until runtime public information, sideboard context, or visible legal actions identify the opposing plan.

## Thesis

This exact Dredge list assembles a graveyard engine, not a normal battlefield curve. The priority is to place Stinkweed Imp, Golgari Thug, Life from the Loam, Bloodghast, Narcomoeba, Prized Amalgam, Creeping Chill, Silversmote Ghoul, Conflagrate, and Ox of Agonas into the zones where their graveyard text or graveyard-adjacent function matters, then convert draw steps and draw-discard spells into repeated dredge choices, recursive bodies, life-total pressure, and a late Conflagrate or Ox of Agonas reload.

The deck wins by making the graveyard function as its hand. Narcomoeba, Bloodghast, Silversmote Ghoul, and Prized Amalgam create board presence without being cast in the ordinary way; Creeping Chill and Conflagrate convert graveyard volume into life-total swings; Ox of Agonas and Life from the Loam help rebuild when the first wave stalls. Veles should value legal dredge replacement choices and graveyard setup over preserving normal card quantity in hand once a dredger or payoff is active.

The deck is not trying to cast every registered spell on curve. Because the registered lands are Copperline Gorge, Spirebluff Canal, Bloodstained Mire, Stomping Ground, Steam Vents, and Mountain, Veles must not assume black mana is available for Stinkweed Imp, Golgari Thug, Bloodghast, Darkblast, Thoughtseize, or Leyline of the Void unless the rules engine exposes an actual legal payment path. These black cards are still central to the strategy, but many games use them as dredge cards, graveyard cards, or sideboard constraints rather than reliable early castables.

The main tactical priority is enabling the first dredge chain. Early hands and early turns should favor Cathartic Reunion, Otherworldly Gaze, and Life from the Loam when they can put dredgers, recursive threats, or payoff cards into the graveyard, while preserving enough mana and cards to continue after disruption. Normal draw is acceptable only when no useful dredge replacement is available, when the deck needs a specific visible answer, or when the rules engine does not expose a safe dredge choice.

## Role Package

- Threats: Narcomoeba, Bloodghast, Prized Amalgam, Silversmote Ghoul, Stinkweed Imp, Golgari Thug, and Ox of Agonas are the bodies that pressure life totals or unlock recursive pressure. Narcomoeba and Bloodghast are especially important because their battlefield entries can support Prized Amalgam timing when the engine reports the relevant triggers.

- Payoffs: Creeping Chill, Prized Amalgam, Conflagrate, Ox of Agonas, and Silversmote Ghoul are the cards that turn milling and dredging into damage, board presence, or reloads. Conflagrate should be treated as a resource-conversion payoff, not casual removal, because hand size, red mana, graveyard access, and lethal math change its value sharply.

- Engines: Stinkweed Imp, Golgari Thug, Life from the Loam, Cathartic Reunion, and Otherworldly Gaze are the engine core. Stinkweed Imp and Golgari Thug provide dredge replacement options; Life from the Loam rebuilds land flow and supports repeated land drops; Cathartic Reunion and Otherworldly Gaze are the primary ways to start or smooth the graveyard plan.

- Velocity: Cathartic Reunion is the highest-impact legal setup spell when the deck can pay its costs and the discard advances dredge or recursive threats. Otherworldly Gaze is lower-commitment selection that can stock the graveyard and later provide additional graveyard access if the rules engine exposes it. Ox of Agonas is the heavier reload once graveyard size and legal access support it.

- Interaction: Darkblast, Conflagrate, Lightning Axe, Ancient Grudge, Nature's Claim, Blast Zone, and Boseiju, Who Endures are the registered interactive tools. Main-deck interaction is narrow and resource-sensitive, so Veles should not spend it merely because a target exists; it should preserve interaction for blockers, hate permanents, lethal races, or threats that stop graveyard pressure.

- Protection: Thoughtseize, Nature's Claim, Ancient Grudge, Blast Zone, Boseiju, Who Endures, and Leyline of the Void form the sideboard protection and counter-pressure module. Thoughtseize protects setup from known disruption if legally castable; Nature's Claim, Ancient Grudge, Blast Zone, and Boseiju, Who Endures answer hate or key permanents through different legal windows; Leyline of the Void changes graveyard mirrors when present at the correct pregame or opening-hand timing.

- Recursion: Bloodghast, Prized Amalgam, Silversmote Ghoul, Life from the Loam, Otherworldly Gaze, Conflagrate, Ancient Grudge, and Ox of Agonas are the recurring-resource package when their exact card-reference conditions are available. Veles should prefer sequencing that makes land drops, life-gain events, graveyard cast/access permissions, and delayed triggers resolve in productive order.

- Mana: Copperline Gorge and Stomping Ground support the red-green setup plan, Spirebluff Canal and Steam Vents support red-blue access for Otherworldly Gaze lines, Bloodstained Mire finds the registered fetchable lands as exposed by the engine, and Mountain is the basic red source. Mana decisions should prioritize red for Cathartic Reunion and Conflagrate, green for Life from the Loam and Nature's Claim, and blue only when Otherworldly Gaze or sideboard context makes it necessary.

- Sideboard modules: Nature's Claim and Ancient Grudge address artifact or enchantment-style pressure according to their exact legal target text; Thoughtseize is disruption when black mana is real; Lightning Axe adds creature interaction with discard synergy; Leyline of the Void is graveyard hate; Darkblast increases repeatable small-creature interaction; Blast Zone and Boseiju, Who Endures add land-slot interaction that must be sequenced around tempo and color needs.

## Primary Win Conditions

- Graveyard-board avalanche is the default win path. Set up by putting Stinkweed Imp or Golgari Thug into the graveyard with Cathartic Reunion, Otherworldly Gaze, Life from the Loam sequencing, or natural discard when the engine exposes it; execute by replacing draws with dredge, letting Narcomoeba, Bloodghast, Prized Amalgam, and Silversmote Ghoul enter through legal triggers, then attacking in waves. Prioritize this path when the opponent is not showing graveyard shutdown, when land drops can recur Bloodghast, or when a first Narcomoeba or Bloodghast trigger can start Prized Amalgam pressure.

- Creeping Chill reach is the fastest stabilizing pressure line. Set up by maximizing library-to-graveyard movement through Stinkweed Imp, Golgari Thug, Otherworldly Gaze, and draw-discard effects; execute only through the trigger or legal choice the rules engine presents, using the life swing to race and to support Silversmote Ghoul recursion if that trigger is available. Prioritize this line when behind on life, racing creature damage, or needing noncombat damage because blockers make attacks poor.

- Conflagrate endgame is the main deterministic burn finish. Set up by preserving red mana, Life from the Loam land recursion, and enough hand material; execute when graveyard access, flashback or cast permissions, target legality, and damage assignment are visible. Prioritize Conflagrate when combat is stalled, when the opponent is within exact lethal range, or when a blocker or threat must die before recursive attackers can connect. Do not spend Conflagrate casually if it would empty the hand before a later lethal conversion.

- Ox of Agonas reload is the primary recovery win path after the first graveyard wave is answered. Set up by filling the graveyard naturally through dredge and spell use; execute only when the engine exposes a legal cast or graveyard access line and the new cards or discard will restart dredge, Bloodghast landfall, Prized Amalgam entries, or Conflagrate fuel. Prioritize Ox of Agonas when low on cards, after graveyard pressure has stalled, or when a second burst is more valuable than holding a weak hand.

## Secondary Win Conditions

- Stinkweed Imp and Golgari Thug can win through ordinary combat when recursion has been disrupted. Prioritize this backup only when the graveyard engine is slowed, the battlefield is stable, and casting or attacking with these creatures is legal and does not sacrifice a better dredge replacement plan.

- Bloodghast plus land drops can generate repeated fallback pressure. Use Life from the Loam to recover Bloodstained Mire, Stomping Ground, Steam Vents, Copperline Gorge, Spirebluff Canal, or Mountain as legal land resources, then sequence land drops to return Bloodghast when the engine exposes that trigger. This line matters most after removal-heavy games, when one or two recursive attackers can pressure planeswalkers or life totals without overcommitting cards from hand.

- Narcomoeba into Prized Amalgam is the cleanest low-mana battlefield rebuild. When Narcomoeba enters from the graveyard engine and Prized Amalgam triggers are visible, preserve attack timing and do not trade off free bodies unless the trade prevents lethal damage or removes a blocker needed for a near-term kill.

- Darkblast and Conflagrate can turn stalled boards into attack steps. Use Darkblast as repeatable small-creature interaction only when its legal target matters to combat or survival; use Conflagrate on creatures when clearing blockers creates more damage than saving it for face, or when survival requires removing a threat.

## Emergency Lines

- When behind on life, favor Creeping Chill triggers, Silversmote Ghoul recursion if legally exposed, and defensive Stinkweed Imp lines over slow value. Do not shock with Stomping Ground or Steam Vents unless the mana enables an immediate stabilizing play, lethal setup, or hate answer.

- When behind on board, prioritize legal interaction that changes combat. Darkblast handles small targets when the engine exposes them; Conflagrate can clear one or more blockers or attackers if hand size and red mana support it; Lightning Axe from the sideboard is a discard-synergy answer when legally castable after sideboarding.

- When behind on cards, turn Life from the Loam and Ox of Agonas into recovery engines instead of chasing normal draws. Dredge is still preferred when it produces active resources, but draw normally if no dredger, payoff, or legal graveyard access is available and the hand needs a specific answer.

- When behind on mana, use Life from the Loam and Bloodstained Mire carefully to rebuild land drops and colors. Prioritize red for Cathartic Reunion and Conflagrate, green for Life from the Loam or Nature's Claim after sideboarding, and blue only when Otherworldly Gaze access is the relevant engine line.

- When graveyard recursion is attacked or removed, switch to castable threats, land-based recursion, and sideboard answers. Nature's Claim, Ancient Grudge, Blast Zone, and Boseiju, Who Endures should be aimed at visible hate or key permanents only when their exact legal target text and timing are available.

- When primary win conditions are gone, preserve every remaining recursive body and every point of damage. Attack with Bloodghast, Narcomoeba, Prized Amalgam, Silversmote Ghoul, Stinkweed Imp, Golgari Thug, and Ox of Agonas only when trades advance lethal, prevent lethal, or protect a future Conflagrate finish.

## Resource Model

- Graveyard is the primary resource, and normal cards in hand are often converted into graveyard volume. Cathartic Reunion, Otherworldly Gaze, dredge replacements from Stinkweed Imp and Golgari Thug, and Life from the Loam should be evaluated by how many Bloodghast, Narcomoeba, Prized Amalgam, Silversmote Ghoul, Creeping Chill, Ox of Agonas, and Conflagrate lines they unlock, not by normal card-count parity.

- Hand is fuel, not a treasury. Discard dredgers, lands for Life from the Loam, Bloodghast, Prized Amalgam, Creeping Chill, or excess copies when the legal action advances the graveyard engine; preserve Conflagrate fuel, castable enablers, and sideboard answers when the opponent is presenting hate or immediate lethal pressure.

- Life total is a racing buffer created mostly by Creeping Chill and, when legally exposed, Silversmote Ghoul recursion. Spend life on Stomping Ground or Steam Vents only when untapped mana immediately enables Cathartic Reunion, Otherworldly Gaze, Life from the Loam, Nature's Claim, Ancient Grudge, Lightning Axe, or a lethal/survival Conflagrate line.

- Mana is a burst-enabler, not the main scaling engine. The deck wants one or two early colored sources to start self-mill/discard, then uses dredge, triggers, landfall, and graveyard casting to convert small mana inputs into board and damage. Do not delay engine starts for perfect mana unless the hand cannot legally function.

- Board presence is recursive pressure. Bloodghast, Narcomoeba, Prized Amalgam, and Silversmote Ghoul are acceptable to trade only when the trade prevents lethal damage, opens a near-term lethal attack, or protects a stronger graveyard trigger chain; free creatures are still finite when graveyard hate is visible.

- Exile is mostly a spent-resource zone. Cards exiled to pay Ox of Agonas escape-like access, opposing graveyard hate, or other engine costs should be treated as no longer available for dredge recursion, Prized Amalgam triggering, Life from the Loam loops, or Conflagrate flashback fuel unless the rules engine exposes a legal return path.

- Lands are both mana and repeatable triggers. Bloodstained Mire, Stomping Ground, Steam Vents, Copperline Gorge, Spirebluff Canal, and Mountain can support Bloodghast landfall; Life from the Loam can turn lands in graveyard into repeated land drops and Conflagrate fuel. Fetch lands are especially valuable when a delayed landfall trigger is stronger than immediate fixing.

- Information is public-board driven. Because this deck often operates from graveyard and replacement choices, choose dredge, draw, discard, and landfall timing from visible legal prompts, revealed graveyard contents, known hate permanents, open mana, attack clocks, and sideboard cards seen so far; do not assume hidden interaction.

- Sideboard bullets convert narrow mana into specific answers. Nature's Claim needs green and a legal artifact or enchantment target; Ancient Grudge needs red for the front side and green for graveyard access if exposed; Lightning Axe needs red and a legal creature target; Thoughtseize and Leyline of the Void require black mana when not using any legal opening-hand special action, so treat them as validation-sensitive with this registered mana base.

## Mana Guide

- Keep hands that cast an enabler and support a dredge plan. A strong keep usually has red for Cathartic Reunion or blue for Otherworldly Gaze, plus Stinkweed Imp, Golgari Thug, Life from the Loam, or a graveyard payoff that becomes live after self-mill. A hand with only recursive creatures and no way to move cards to graveyard is usually too slow.

- Prioritize red first in most game-one hands. Red casts Cathartic Reunion and Conflagrate, supports Ox of Agonas access when legal, and casts sideboard Lightning Axe or Ancient Grudge after boarding. Copperline Gorge, Spirebluff Canal, Stomping Ground, Steam Vents, Bloodstained Mire fetching a Mountain land, and Mountain are the key red paths.

- Prioritize green when Life from the Loam or sideboard answers are the hand's engine. Green casts Life from the Loam and Nature's Claim, and it supports Ancient Grudge graveyard access if the rules engine exposes it. Copperline Gorge and Stomping Ground are the reliable listed green sources; Bloodstained Mire can find Stomping Ground when fetching is legal.

- Use blue when Otherworldly Gaze is the best starter. Spirebluff Canal and Steam Vents are the listed blue sources, with Bloodstained Mire able to find Steam Vents when the legal fetch action is available. Do not overvalue blue if the hand already has Cathartic Reunion plus dredger and needs green or red more.

- Treat black spells as mana-base warnings. Darkblast, Thoughtseize, and non-opening-hand Leyline of the Void need black mana by their costs, but the registered lands shown here do not provide a reliable black source. Cast them only if runtime card/reference data or sideboarded land choices expose an actual legal black payment; otherwise evaluate them as discard, dredge, opening-hand, or unsupported resources according to the prompt.

- Sequence Bloodstained Mire for both fixing and Bloodghast timing. Fetch before the main engine spell when the color is required immediately; hold the fetch when Bloodghast is in graveyard or likely to enter graveyard before the next landfall trigger matters. If life is pressured, prefer fetching Mountain when red is enough.

- Play lands before draw effects when landfall or mana is needed immediately. Hold the land until after dredge or Otherworldly Gaze-style setup when Bloodghast may enter the graveyard first and the land drop can create a same-turn return. With Life from the Loam, preserve land drops for post-dredge recursion whenever the engine can expose multiple lands.

- Manage Stomping Ground and Steam Vents life payments by urgency. Enter untapped only for an immediate engine spell, hate answer, lethal setup, or survival play; otherwise conserve life so Creeping Chill gains and recursive blockers can swing the race.

- Sideboard lands change sequencing. Blast Zone is interaction and a land drop, but it may not supply colored mana for core starts; Boseiju, Who Endures is a green land and a land-slot answer when its channel-like access is legally exposed. Do not keep a hand relying on Blast Zone alone to cast colored enablers.

## Mulligan Guide

- Strong keep: keep a hand with two lands, Cathartic Reunion, Stinkweed Imp or Golgari Thug, and at least one graveyard payoff such as Bloodghast, Prized Amalgam, Creeping Chill, or Narcomoeba. This hand has a castable turn-two engine, a real dredge replacement, and discard material that improves once it is in the graveyard.

- Strong keep: keep one-land hands only when the land casts Otherworldly Gaze or Cathartic Reunion, the hand has Stinkweed Imp, Golgari Thug, or Life from the Loam, and the draw/dredge path can reasonably find land two. Spirebluff Canal plus Otherworldly Gaze plus Stinkweed Imp is a better one-lander than Copperline Gorge with no blue spell or no dredger.

- Medium keep: keep hands with Otherworldly Gaze, Life from the Loam, and lands when they can start self-mill on turn one and convert early dredges into land drops, Bloodghast triggers, or Conflagrate fuel. These hands are slower than Cathartic Reunion hands, so value them higher on the play against slower opponents and lower on the draw against fast pressure.

- Medium keep: keep Cathartic Reunion hands without a dredger only when they contain multiple graveyard payoffs and another setup card such as Otherworldly Gaze or Life from the Loam. The hand must still have discard cards that are actively better in the graveyard; do not keep it just because Cathartic Reunion is castable.

- Risky keep: keep Ox of Agonas or Conflagrate-heavy hands only when the hand also contains a real early enabler and enough material to stock the graveyard. Ox of Agonas is not an early plan by itself, and Conflagrate without Life from the Loam or spare cards is usually not enough pressure.

- Automatic ship: mulligan hands with no land, hands with lands but no Otherworldly Gaze, Cathartic Reunion, Life from the Loam, Stinkweed Imp, or Golgari Thug access, and hands full of Narcomoeba, Prized Amalgam, Bloodghast, Creeping Chill, and Silversmote Ghoul with no way to move cards into the graveyard. Recursive cards stranded in hand are not a functional engine.

- Automatic ship: mulligan hands relying on Darkblast, Thoughtseize, or Leyline of the Void as castable black spells unless the rules engine exposes legal black mana or a legal opening-hand special action for Leyline of the Void. This registered mana base should not be assumed to cast black costs from hand.

- Matchup-dependent keep: against artifact or enchantment hate after sideboarding, keep Nature's Claim or Ancient Grudge hands only when their required mana is present and the rest of the hand still starts the dredge engine. Do not keep a pure answer hand that cannot pressure.

- Play/draw adjustment: on the play, prefer explosive Cathartic Reunion or Otherworldly Gaze starts over answer-heavy hands; on the draw, raise the value of Lightning Axe, Darkblast, Thoughtseize if legally castable, and fast Creeping Chill pressure against creature or combo starts. The extra card on the draw does not rescue hands without an engine.

- Trap hand: do not keep multiple Bloodghast plus Prized Amalgam plus lands with no discard, self-mill, or dredge card. The hand looks synergistic but functions like a slow creature deck and fails if the opponent develops normally or presents graveyard hate.

## Turn Arc

- Turn 1 preferred play: cast Otherworldly Gaze when blue mana is available and the hand needs to put Stinkweed Imp, Golgari Thug, Bloodghast, Narcomoeba, Prized Amalgam, Creeping Chill, or Life from the Loam into the graveyard. Play Copperline Gorge, Spirebluff Canal, Stomping Ground, Steam Vents, Bloodstained Mire, or Mountain according to the spell actually being cast, not according to abstract color balance.

- Turn 1 deviation: hold Bloodstained Mire when mana is already available and Bloodghast may enter the graveyard before the next landfall trigger. Fetch immediately only when the color is needed for Otherworldly Gaze now, Cathartic Reunion next turn, or a sideboard answer that cannot wait.

- Turn 2 preferred play: cast Cathartic Reunion with Stinkweed Imp or Golgari Thug plus a graveyard payoff or spare land as discard material. If replacement prompts appear, prefer dredging Stinkweed Imp before lower-output choices when the plan is to maximize graveyard volume, but use Life from the Loam when land recovery, Bloodghast triggers, or Conflagrate fuel matters more.

- Turn 2 deviation: cast Life from the Loam when the graveyard already contains lands or Bloodstained Mire lines can enable repeated land drops. Cast Darkblast or Lightning Axe only when there is a legal creature target and the removal changes survival, tempo, or hate pressure; do not spend the turn on unsupported interaction while the engine is idle.

- Turn 3 preferred play: convert dredged cards into battlefield pressure. Make a land drop after Bloodghast is in the graveyard when possible, allow Narcomoeba and Creeping Chill triggers to resolve according to legal prompts, and plan Prized Amalgam timing around creatures entering from the graveyard or other legally exposed trigger conditions.

- Turn 3 deviation: use Conflagrate only when it removes key blockers, prevents lethal pressure, or sets up a near-term kill with spare hand cards and Life from the Loam. Avoid firing Conflagrate face for small nonlethal damage if it consumes cards needed for dredge recovery, sideboard answers, or later lethal.

- Turns 4-5 preferred play: loop Life from the Loam with land drops to recur Bloodghast, refill Conflagrate, and keep dredge chains moving. Use Ox of Agonas only when the graveyard cost/access is legally exposed and the exiled cards are less valuable than the fresh draw/discard burst.

- Turns 4-5 deviation: against visible graveyard hate, prioritize Nature's Claim, Ancient Grudge, Boseiju, Who Endures, or Blast Zone lines when legal before committing additional dredge resources. If hate is already active, preserve castable cards and lands so the deck can rebuild after the answer.

- Late-game preferred play: turn Life from the Loam plus Conflagrate into a deterministic endgame when enough cards and mana are available. Repeated dredge should be chosen only when library size, visible pressure, and available payoffs make the replacement better than drawing a fresh card.

- Late-game deviation: hard-cast recursive creatures only when the graveyard engine is blocked, pressure is needed through hate, or the rules engine offers no stronger graveyard action. Stinkweed Imp and Golgari Thug can matter as bodies, but the deck usually wins by converting graveyard volume into Bloodghast, Narcomoeba, Prized Amalgam, Silversmote Ghoul, Creeping Chill, Ox of Agonas, and Conflagrate pressure.

## Card Roles

Stinkweed Imp and Golgari Thug are the engine’s highest-priority dredgers, not normal creatures first. Put them into the graveyard with Cathartic Reunion or Otherworldly Gaze, choose their dredge replacement when graveyard volume is better than an unknown draw, and hard-cast them mainly when combat defense or a post-hate rebuild matters.

Cathartic Reunion is the explosive conversion spell. Cast it when discarding Stinkweed Imp, Golgari Thug, Life from the Loam, Bloodghast, Prized Amalgam, Narcomoeba, Creeping Chill, or spare lands advances the graveyard; do not cast it into a stack-only counterspell if waiting keeps the engine intact.

Otherworldly Gaze is the safest early setup card and later a graveyard spell when flashback is legal. Use it to place dredgers and payoffs into the graveyard; avoid treating surveil-like selection as card advantage unless metadata confirms the exact rules text and legal flashback action.

Life from the Loam turns dredge into mana, landfall, and Conflagrate fuel. Prioritize it when Bloodghast is in the graveyard, lands are available to return, Bloodstained Mire can create repeated landfall, or Conflagrate needs hand volume.

Narcomoeba, Bloodghast, Prized Amalgam, and Silversmote Ghoul are the recursive pressure package. Do not spend resources to cast them from hand unless the graveyard engine is suppressed; their primary job is to enter from graveyard or library-triggered lines and convert dredge into battlefield pressure.

Creeping Chill and Conflagrate are reach. Creeping Chill is strongest when milled naturally; Conflagrate should be saved for lethal, key creature removal, or stabilizing interaction rather than small face damage that empties the hand.

Ox of Agonas is the recovery burst. Escape or otherwise access it only when legal action text permits and the graveyard cards being exiled are less important than a fresh draw/discard chain.

Darkblast is tactical creature interaction plus a small dredge option. Use it against legal small creature targets or repeatable pressure only when the kill matters; do not let low dredge volume replace a needed Stinkweed Imp or Golgari Thug dredge without a reason.

### Card Hover Notes

#### Stinkweed Imp
- Deck role: Main deck, 4 copies, core dredge piece.
- Role type: mechanic enabler; engine fuel/material; threat/clock.
- Deck-specific job: Put `Stinkweed Imp` into the graveyard early so draw steps, `Cathartic Reunion`, and `Ox of Agonas` can use Dredge 5 to mill toward `Narcomoeba`, `Creeping Chill`, `Bloodghast`, `Prized Amalgam`, `Silversmote Ghoul`, `Conflagrate`, and more dredgers.
- Timing: Prefer discard or surveil-to-graveyard before the first big draw event; hard-cast for `{2}{B}` only if a legal black payment exists and the 1/2 flying deathtouch-style blocker matters more than Dredge 5.
- Inputs / outputs: Replaces a draw by milling five cards and returning `Stinkweed Imp` from graveyard to hand; on battlefield, flying plus combat-damage destruction can trade up against creature pressure.
- Partners / packages: `Cathartic Reunion` creates three draw-replacement chances; `Otherworldly Gaze` can place it in graveyard; `Ox of Agonas` draw three can chain dredges; `Prized Amalgam` benefits from the creatures milled by those dredges.
- Role peers: `Golgari Thug` mills four; `Life from the Loam` and `Darkblast` dredge three but serve land-recursion or removal roles.
- Failure modes: Do not draw normally during an engine turn when Dredge 5 is clearly better; do not cast it from hand just because it is legal if the deck needs graveyard volume.
- Matchup / visibility hooks: Against fast creature decks, casting it is reasonable when it blocks a relevant attacker; against graveyard hate, preserve it in hand only if the graveyard is about to be exiled.
- Low-skill guidance: If `Stinkweed Imp` is in graveyard and you do not urgently need a specific answer from the library, choose its dredge prompt first.

#### Golgari Thug
- Deck role: Main deck, 4 copies, core dredge piece.
- Role type: mechanic enabler; engine fuel/material; role glue.
- Deck-specific job: Act as the second large dredger, giving the deck enough replacement effects after `Stinkweed Imp` to keep milling into `Narcomoeba`, `Bloodghast`, `Prized Amalgam`, `Creeping Chill`, and `Life from the Loam`.
- Timing: Put it into graveyard early with `Cathartic Reunion` or `Otherworldly Gaze`; cast for `{1}{B}` only if legal black mana exists and the 1/1 body or death trigger matters.
- Inputs / outputs: Dredge 4 replaces a draw by milling four and returning `Golgari Thug`; when it dies, its controller puts target creature card from their graveyard on top of their library, which can recover `Ox of Agonas`, `Prized Amalgam`, or `Stinkweed Imp` but can also disrupt a desired dredge draw.
- Partners / packages: `Cathartic Reunion`, `Otherworldly Gaze`, and `Ox of Agonas` convert its graveyard position into repeated dredges; `Narcomoeba` and `Creeping Chill` reward library-to-graveyard movement.
- Role peers: `Stinkweed Imp` is the higher-volume dredger; `Life from the Loam` is the land-loop dredger; `Darkblast` is the removal dredger.
- Failure modes: Do not let the death trigger put a low-value creature on top when the next draw should be dredged or when a natural draw is needed for `Nature's Claim`, `Lightning Axe`, or land.
- Matchup / visibility hooks: Better as a dredger than a fair creature unless graveyard hate forces battlefield play.
- Low-skill guidance: Choose `Golgari Thug` dredge when `Stinkweed Imp` is unavailable or when four cards of milling is enough and the hand still needs engine continuity.

#### Narcomoeba
- Deck role: Main deck, 4 copies, core recursive payoff.
- Role type: mechanic payoff; threat/clock; role glue.
- Deck-specific job: Reward dredge and surveil by entering the battlefield when put into your graveyard from your library, giving free flying pressure and triggering `Prized Amalgam` returns.
- Timing: Its best timing is from library-to-graveyard movement during `Stinkweed Imp`, `Golgari Thug`, `Life from the Loam`, `Darkblast`, or `Otherworldly Gaze`; cast for `{1}{U}` only when graveyard access is blocked and blue mana is legal.
- Inputs / outputs: Consumes no mana when milled from the library and accepted; outputs a 1/1 flying creature that can chip damage, block small flyers, or enable `Prized Amalgam` at the next end step.
- Partners / packages: `Stinkweed Imp`, `Golgari Thug`, `Life from the Loam`, and `Darkblast` mill it; `Otherworldly Gaze` can put it from library into graveyard; `Prized Amalgam` uses the resulting battlefield entry.
- Role peers: `Bloodghast` and `Silversmote Ghoul` are other free-entry creatures, but `Narcomoeba` is the only one in this list that triggers directly from being milled from library.
- Failure modes: Do not keep it on top with `Otherworldly Gaze` unless a natural draw and cast is genuinely better; do not decline its trigger without a clear reason.
- Matchup / visibility hooks: Valuable against planeswalkers and slow decks as evasive pressure; expendable as a blocker when survival matters.
- Low-skill guidance: When the engine offers the `Narcomoeba` trigger from milling, accept it unless accepting would create an explicit rules-engine problem.

#### Prized Amalgam
- Deck role: Main deck, 4 copies, core recursive threat.
- Role type: mechanic payoff; threat/clock.
- Deck-specific job: Turn `Narcomoeba`, `Bloodghast`, and `Silversmote Ghoul` entries into repeated 3/3 tapped battlefield returns, making every successful graveyard wave larger.
- Timing: Prioritize moving it to the graveyard before landfall, `Narcomoeba`, or `Silversmote Ghoul` return events; hard-cast for `{1}{U}{B}` only if legal mana exists and the graveyard plan is suppressed.
- Inputs / outputs: Consumes graveyard setup and a qualifying creature entry from graveyard or a creature cast from graveyard; outputs a tapped 3/3 at the beginning of the next end step.
- Partners / packages: `Narcomoeba` enters from library-mill triggers; `Bloodghast` returns from landfall; `Silversmote Ghoul` returns after a 3-plus-life-gain turn, usually from `Creeping Chill`.
- Role peers: `Bloodghast` is faster recurring pressure; `Silversmote Ghoul` is lifegain-gated pressure; `Ox of Agonas` is a larger reload body rather than a repeated free return.
- Failure modes: Do not count it as an immediate blocker because it returns tapped at the next end step; do not strand it in hand when `Cathartic Reunion` can discard it profitably.
- Matchup / visibility hooks: Excellent against removal-heavy decks; weaker while graveyard hate prevents returns, so answer hate with `Nature's Claim`, `Ancient Grudge`, `Boseiju, Who Endures`, or `Blast Zone`.
- Low-skill guidance: Put `Prized Amalgam` in the graveyard first, then make `Narcomoeba`, `Bloodghast`, or `Silversmote Ghoul` enter.

#### Bloodghast
- Deck role: Main deck, 4 copies, core landfall recursion threat.
- Role type: mechanic payoff; threat/clock; recursion.
- Deck-specific job: Convert every land drop into recurring pressure and a `Prized Amalgam` trigger while ignoring most one-for-one creature removal.
- Timing: Try to place `Bloodghast` in the graveyard before playing `Copperline Gorge`, `Spirebluff Canal`, `Bloodstained Mire`, `Stomping Ground`, `Steam Vents`, or `Mountain`; hold `Bloodstained Mire` when possible so one land can enable mana now and a later landfall window.
- Inputs / outputs: Landfall returns it from graveyard to battlefield; it cannot block; it has haste only while an opponent has 10 or less life.
- Partners / packages: `Life from the Loam` returns lands for repeated landfall; `Bloodstained Mire` can create a land entry and later fetch another; `Prized Amalgam` triggers from the return.
- Role peers: `Narcomoeba` is free when milled; `Silversmote Ghoul` is free after life gain; neither creates repeated landfall pressure like `Bloodghast`.
- Failure modes: Playing a land before dredging or surveilling can miss a same-turn return; do not rely on it as a blocker because the card says it cannot block.
- Matchup / visibility hooks: Strong against control and removal-heavy decks; against burn or fast aggro, remember it does not defend your life total.
- Low-skill guidance: If `Bloodghast` may enter the graveyard this turn, wait to play the land until after the mill or discard if mana allows.

#### Silversmote Ghoul
- Deck role: Main deck, 3 copies, role-player recursive payoff.
- Role type: mechanic payoff; lifegain/stabilization; engine fuel/material.
- Deck-specific job: Turn `Creeping Chill` life gain into another free tapped body and a `Prized Amalgam` trigger, while offering a later sacrifice-for-card line when black mana is legal.
- Timing: Best in graveyard before the end step of a turn where you gained 3 or more life; hand-cast for `{2}{B}` only if legal black mana exists and a 3/1 body matters.
- Inputs / outputs: At your end step, if you gained 3 or more life this turn, returns from graveyard tapped; `{1}{B}, Sacrifice this creature: Draw a card` consumes black mana and the creature to produce one draw.
- Partners / packages: `Creeping Chill` is the main 3-life enabler; `Prized Amalgam` triggers from the return; `Cathartic Reunion` and `Otherworldly Gaze` put it into graveyard.
- Role peers: `Bloodghast` returns from landfall without life gain; `Narcomoeba` enters from being milled; `Silversmote Ghoul` is the life-gain-gated version.
- Failure modes: Do not assume any small life gain qualifies unless the total gained this turn is 3 or more; do not sacrifice it when it is the only `Prized Amalgam` enabler on the current turn.
- Matchup / visibility hooks: Stronger in racing matchups where `Creeping Chill` swings life totals; weaker against graveyard exile.
- Low-skill guidance: After a `Creeping Chill` trigger, accept the end-step `Silversmote Ghoul` return if it is in your graveyard.

#### Ox of Agonas
- Deck role: Main deck, 2 copies, core recovery/reload slot.
- Role type: mechanic payoff; discard outlet; card selection; threat/clock.
- Deck-specific job: Rebuild after the first dredge wave by discarding the current hand, drawing three, and creating more dredge-replacement chances from a stocked graveyard.
- Timing: Normal cast for `{3}{R}{R}` is a slow backup; escape is the main use once the graveyard has at least eight expendable other cards and `{R}{R}` is available.
- Inputs / outputs: Enters and discards your hand, then draws three; escape costs `{R}{R}` and exiles eight other cards from your graveyard; escaped `Ox of Agonas` enters with a +1/+1 counter.
- Mode map: Normal cast uses five mana including two red for a 4/2 reload; escape casts it from graveyard for `{R}{R}` plus exiling eight other graveyard cards and usually creates a 5/3 reload; either line is bad if discarding the hand or exiling graveyard cards removes the next `Conflagrate`, `Life from the Loam`, `Bloodghast`, or dredger plan.
- Partners / packages: `Stinkweed Imp`, `Golgari Thug`, `Life from the Loam`, and `Darkblast` can replace the three draws; `Conflagrate` likes the extra hand material; `Cathartic Reunion` can discard `Ox of Agonas`.
- Role peers: `Cathartic Reunion` is the cheaper draw-three setup; `Life from the Loam` is the slower hand-refill engine.
- Failure modes: Escaping too early can exile the only dredger, `Prized Amalgam`, `Bloodghast`, or `Conflagrate` fuel.
- Matchup / visibility hooks: Excellent after removal or discard; risky into visible graveyard hate or when mana must answer hate with `Nature's Claim`, `Ancient Grudge`, or `Boseiju, Who Endures`.
- Low-skill guidance: Escape `Ox of Agonas` only when you still keep a working dredge or pressure plan after exiling eight other cards.

#### Creeping Chill
- Deck role: Main deck, 4 copies, core reach and lifegain payoff.
- Role type: reach/finisher; lifegain/stabilization; mechanic payoff.
- Deck-specific job: Convert dredge and surveil into 3 damage to each opponent and 3 life for you, while also enabling `Silversmote Ghoul` end-step returns.
- Timing: Best when put into your graveyard from your library by `Stinkweed Imp`, `Golgari Thug`, `Life from the Loam`, `Darkblast`, or `Otherworldly Gaze`; casting the sorcery for `{3}{B}` requires legal black mana and is rarely the primary plan.
- Inputs / outputs: From library to graveyard, you may exile it; if you do, it deals 3 damage to each opponent and you gain 3 life. Hard-cast mode also deals 3 to each opponent and gains 3 life.
- Partners / packages: `Silversmote Ghoul` checks the 3-plus life gain at end step; `Narcomoeba`, `Bloodghast`, and `Prized Amalgam` turn the life swing into a race advantage.
- Role peers: `Conflagrate` is targeted scalable reach; `Creeping Chill` is automatic opponent-wide reach when milled.
- Failure modes: Do not plan lethal from a `Creeping Chill` still in hand unless casting is legal; do not decline the mill trigger without a specific reason.
- Matchup / visibility hooks: High priority against burn, aggro, and stalled boards because it changes both life totals without needing combat.
- Low-skill guidance: When `Creeping Chill` is milled from the library, choose to exile it for the 3 damage and 3 life unless the engine shows a rare downside.

#### Cathartic Reunion
- Deck role: Main deck, 4 copies, core discard/draw enabler.
- Role type: discard outlet; mechanic enabler; card selection.
- Deck-specific job: Turn two discard cards into three draw events that can each become dredge replacements, making it the deck's most explosive setup spell when paired with `Stinkweed Imp`, `Golgari Thug`, `Life from the Loam`, or `Darkblast`.
- Timing: Cast early with `{1}{R}` when the additional-cost discards improve the graveyard; delay if the only discards are required lands or the opponent clearly represents a spell-on-the-stack answer that would strand the engine.
- Inputs / outputs: As an additional cost to cast, discard two cards; on resolution, draw three cards. Those draws can be replaced by legal dredge prompts.
- Partners / packages: Discard `Stinkweed Imp`, `Golgari Thug`, `Life from the Loam`, `Darkblast`, `Bloodghast`, `Prized Amalgam`, `Creeping Chill`, `Ox of Agonas`, or excess lands when that advances the engine.
- Role peers: `Otherworldly Gaze` is safer and cheaper setup; `Ox of Agonas` is a later reload that also discards and draws three.
- Failure modes: Do not cast with no useful discard payload; if the spell is countered, the discarded cards stay discarded because they were an additional cost.
- Matchup / visibility hooks: Premium against slow decks; against tempo or control, consider `Thoughtseize` postboard before committing if legal black mana exists.
- Low-skill guidance: Cast `Cathartic Reunion` when you can discard at least one dredger or graveyard payoff and still have enough mana/lands to continue.

#### Otherworldly Gaze
- Deck role: Main deck, 4 copies, core setup and smoothing spell.
- Role type: card selection; mechanic enabler; role glue.
- Deck-specific job: Use surveil 3 to put dredgers and graveyard payoffs into the graveyard while arranging only the cards you truly want to draw on top.
- Timing: Cast for `{U}` on turn one when it sets up a dredger, or at opponent's end step when immediate main-phase setup is not needed; flashback for `{1}{U}` when the graveyard copy is worth the mana and exile.
- Inputs / outputs: Looks at the top three cards, puts any number into your graveyard, and leaves the rest on top in any order; flashback casts it from graveyard for `{1}{U}`, then exiles it.
- Mode map: Hand-cast `Otherworldly Gaze` is cheap early setup; flashback is a later second surveil from graveyard; putting all three cards on top is correct only when those exact cards are better than milling toward `Narcomoeba`, `Creeping Chill`, `Bloodghast`, or dredgers.
- Partners / packages: Put `Stinkweed Imp`, `Golgari Thug`, `Life from the Loam`, `Darkblast`, `Bloodghast`, `Prized Amalgam`, `Silversmote Ghoul`, `Creeping Chill`, and `Ox of Agonas` into graveyard when useful.
- Role peers: `Cathartic Reunion` is higher explosive output but costs red mana and two discards; `Life from the Loam` is land-focused graveyard velocity.
- Failure modes: Do not call surveil a draw; it does not add a card to hand.
- Matchup / visibility hooks: Good against stack interaction because it costs one mana; weaker when mana must stay up for `Nature's Claim` or `Ancient Grudge`.
- Low-skill guidance: Mill cards that work from graveyard; keep only lands, enablers, or answers you need to naturally draw.

#### Life from the Loam
- Deck role: Main deck, 4 copies, core land-recursion dredge engine.
- Role type: mechanic enabler; recursion; mana/fixing/ramp; engine piece.
- Deck-specific job: Return up to three land cards from graveyard to hand to fuel land drops, `Bloodghast` landfall, and `Conflagrate` flashback while also providing Dredge 3.
- Timing: Cast for `{1}{G}` when lands are already in graveyard or when `Bloodghast`/`Conflagrate` needs hand material; dredge it when land recursion is more important than raw milling from `Stinkweed Imp` or `Golgari Thug`.
- Inputs / outputs: Targets up to three land cards in your graveyard and returns them to hand; Dredge 3 replaces a draw by milling three and returning `Life from the Loam`.
- Partners / packages: Returns `Bloodstained Mire`, `Copperline Gorge`, `Spirebluff Canal`, `Stomping Ground`, `Steam Vents`, `Mountain`, `Blast Zone`, and `Boseiju, Who Endures` if those lands are in graveyard; `Bloodghast` and `Conflagrate` are the main payoffs.
- Role peers: `Stinkweed Imp` and `Golgari Thug` dredge more cards; `Life from the Loam` is the only main-deck land-recursion card.
- Failure modes: It does not search the library; do not cast it with zero useful land targets unless triggering a specific spell-cast need matters.
- Matchup / visibility hooks: Strong against removal and discard; important after fetch lands or against longer games where hand size feeds `Conflagrate`.
- Low-skill guidance: Use `Life from the Loam` when you can return lands or need landfall; otherwise prefer higher dredge volume.

#### Conflagrate
- Deck role: Main deck, 2 copies, core reach/removal finisher.
- Role type: reach/finisher; interaction-removal; engine payoff.
- Deck-specific job: Convert red mana and hand size, especially lands returned by `Life from the Loam`, into lethal damage or a decisive creature clear.
- Timing: Save for lethal, survival, or clearing blockers that unlock more damage; small nonlethal face damage is usually wrong if it empties the hand before a larger flashback turn.
- Inputs / outputs: Normal cast costs `{X}{X}{R}` and deals X damage divided as you choose among any number of targets; flashback costs `{R}{R}` plus discarding X cards, then exiles `Conflagrate` after it resolves from graveyard.
- Mode map: Normal cast is mana-intensive damage from hand; flashback is the main graveyard finisher that consumes cards in hand as the X resource; choosing too many targets with low X can fail to kill anything meaningful.
- Partners / packages: `Life from the Loam` returns `Bloodstained Mire`, `Copperline Gorge`, `Spirebluff Canal`, `Stomping Ground`, `Steam Vents`, `Mountain`, `Blast Zone`, or `Boseiju, Who Endures` to build hand size; `Cathartic Reunion` can discard `Conflagrate`.
- Role peers: `Creeping Chill` is free non-targeted reach when milled; `Lightning Axe` is sideboard creature-only removal.
- Failure modes: Do not discard the only answer to graveyard hate or the only land needed for `{R}{R}` flashback unless lethal or survival is certain.
- Matchup / visibility hooks: Better against stalled boards, planeswalkers, and creature races; preserve exact target legality and damage assignment.
- Low-skill guidance: Use `Conflagrate` for lethal or must-kill creatures, not casual chip damage.

#### Darkblast
- Deck role: Main deck, 1 copy, and sideboard, 1 copy; removal/dredge flex slot.
- Role type: interaction-removal; mechanic enabler; sideboard bullet.
- Deck-specific job: Kill or weaken a small target creature while providing Dredge 3 for repeatable graveyard velocity.
- Timing: Cast for `{B}` only when legal black mana exists and `-1/-1 until end of turn` changes combat, removes a key creature, or prevents damage; dredge it when repeated small-creature control is worth lower mill volume.
- Inputs / outputs: Targets one creature and gives it -1/-1 until end of turn; Dredge 3 replaces a draw by milling three and returning `Darkblast`.
- Partners / packages: `Stinkweed Imp` and `Golgari Thug` are higher-volume dredgers; `Lightning Axe` handles larger creatures; `Conflagrate` can clear multiple targets if hand size supports it.
- Role peers: `Lightning Axe` deals 5 damage to target creature; `Conflagrate` divides X damage among targets; `Darkblast` is the repeatable small-target option.
- Failure modes: Do not spend draw steps dredging `Darkblast` when the game needs `Nature's Claim`, `Thoughtseize`, `Lightning Axe`, a land, or a bigger dredger; remember -1/-1 is not damage.
- Matchup / visibility hooks: Bring in the sideboard copy against low-toughness creatures, mana creatures, and combat math; poor against large threats and noncreature combo.
- Low-skill guidance: Use `Darkblast` only if a one-toughness shrink/kill matters or if no better dredge card is available.

#### Copperline Gorge
- Deck role: Main deck, 4 copies, core mana resource.
- Role type: mana/fixing/ramp.
- Deck-specific job: Provide early red for `Cathartic Reunion`, `Conflagrate`, `Ancient Grudge`, and `Lightning Axe`, or green for `Life from the Loam`, `Nature's Claim`, `Ancient Grudge` flashback, and `Boseiju, Who Endures` channel costs.
- Timing: Best in the first three land drops because it enters tapped unless you control two or fewer other lands; later it may cost tempo.
- Inputs / outputs: Taps for `{R}` or `{G}`; its untapped condition depends on how many other lands you control as it enters.
- Partners / packages: Enables `Cathartic Reunion` plus `Life from the Loam` starts; postboard it supports `Nature's Claim`, `Ancient Grudge`, and `Lightning Axe`.
- Role peers: `Stomping Ground` also provides red/green and has Mountain Forest types; `Spirebluff Canal` provides blue/red; `Boseiju, Who Endures` provides only green.
- Failure modes: Does not cast `Otherworldly Gaze`; do not keep a hand needing blue with only `Copperline Gorge` as colored mana.
- Matchup / visibility hooks: Against fast pressure, value its painless early mana over shocking `Stomping Ground` or `Steam Vents`.
- Low-skill guidance: Play `Copperline Gorge` early when it casts `Cathartic Reunion` or `Life from the Loam`.

#### Spirebluff Canal
- Deck role: Main deck, 4 copies, core mana resource.
- Role type: mana/fixing/ramp.
- Deck-specific job: Provide blue for `Otherworldly Gaze` and red for `Cathartic Reunion`, `Conflagrate`, `Ancient Grudge`, and `Lightning Axe` from one early land.
- Timing: Strong on turns one through three because it enters tapped unless you control two or fewer other lands; play it before later land drops when blue setup matters.
- Inputs / outputs: Taps for `{U}` or `{R}` and gives no green for `Life from the Loam` or `Nature's Claim`.
- Partners / packages: Enables turn-one `Otherworldly Gaze` and turn-two `Cathartic Reunion`; supports `Steam Vents` blue/red redundancy.
- Role peers: `Steam Vents` also provides blue/red and is fetchable with `Bloodstained Mire`; `Copperline Gorge` provides red/green instead.
- Failure modes: Do not keep a hand needing green for `Life from the Loam` or `Nature's Claim` if `Spirebluff Canal` is the only mana source.
- Matchup / visibility hooks: Painless blue/red matters against burn and aggro; late tapped entry can delay an urgent `Conflagrate`.
- Low-skill guidance: Use `Spirebluff Canal` for early `Otherworldly Gaze`; find green elsewhere when `Life from the Loam` is the plan.

#### Bloodstained Mire
- Deck role: Main deck, 3 copies, core fetch land and landfall resource.
- Role type: mana/fixing/ramp; tutor/search; mechanic enabler.
- Deck-specific job: Search for registered Mountain-type targets while creating landfall timing for `Bloodghast` and stocking land cards for `Life from the Loam`.
- Timing: Fetch immediately when red, green, or blue access is needed for `Cathartic Reunion`, `Life from the Loam`, `Otherworldly Gaze`, or postboard answers; hold when `Bloodghast` may enter the graveyard before the landfall trigger.
- Inputs / outputs: `{T}`, pay 1 life, sacrifice it: search your library for a Swamp or Mountain card, put it onto the battlefield, then shuffle. In this registered list, the actual targets are `Stomping Ground`, `Steam Vents`, and `Mountain`.
- Partners / packages: `Bloodghast` uses the land entering; `Life from the Loam` can return `Bloodstained Mire`; `Conflagrate` can use returned lands as flashback discard fuel.
- Role peers: `Stomping Ground` and `Steam Vents` are fetchable shock lands; `Mountain` is the basic fetchable red source.
- Failure modes: Do not claim it finds black mana in this list; no registered Swamp-producing target appears in the decklist.
- Matchup / visibility hooks: Pay attention to life against burn; fetching `Mountain` avoids shock-land life loss when red is enough.
- Low-skill guidance: If `Bloodghast` is likely to be in the graveyard this turn, hold `Bloodstained Mire` unless you need mana right now.

#### Stomping Ground
- Deck role: Main deck, 2 copies, core fetchable red/green mana resource.
- Role type: mana/fixing/ramp.
- Deck-specific job: Provide red for `Cathartic Reunion`, `Conflagrate`, `Ancient Grudge`, and `Lightning Axe`, and green for `Life from the Loam`, `Nature's Claim`, `Ancient Grudge` flashback, and `Boseiju, Who Endures` channel costs.
- Timing: Fetch or play untapped only when paying 2 life enables an immediate engine spell, interaction spell, or lethal/survival line; otherwise let it enter tapped.
- Inputs / outputs: Land — Mountain Forest with `{T}: Add {R} or {G}`; as it enters, you may pay 2 life, and if you do not, it enters tapped.
- Partners / packages: `Bloodstained Mire` can search it because it is a Mountain; `Life from the Loam` can return it from graveyard; `Bloodghast` triggers from its entry.
- Role peers: `Copperline Gorge` is painless red/green early but not fetchable; `Steam Vents` is fetchable blue/red.
- Failure modes: Paying 2 life without a same-turn payoff can lose races; fetching it when blue `Otherworldly Gaze` is required may be wrong.
- Matchup / visibility hooks: Important postboard for `Nature's Claim` and `Ancient Grudge` flashback against artifact/enchantment hate.
- Low-skill guidance: Choose `Stomping Ground` when green matters; shock it only for an immediate spell.

#### Steam Vents
- Deck role: Main deck, 2 copies, core fetchable blue/red mana resource.
- Role type: mana/fixing/ramp.
- Deck-specific job: Provide blue for `Otherworldly Gaze` and red for `Cathartic Reunion`, `Conflagrate`, `Ancient Grudge`, and `Lightning Axe`.
- Timing: Fetch or play untapped when blue setup or red engine mana is needed now; otherwise preserve life by letting it enter tapped.
- Inputs / outputs: Land — Island Mountain with `{T}: Add {U} or {R}`; as it enters, you may pay 2 life, and if you do not, it enters tapped.
- Partners / packages: `Bloodstained Mire` can search it because it is a Mountain; `Otherworldly Gaze` and `Cathartic Reunion` both use its colors; `Bloodghast` triggers from its entry.
- Role peers: `Spirebluff Canal` is painless blue/red early but not fetchable; `Stomping Ground` is fetchable red/green.
- Failure modes: Does not provide green for `Life from the Loam`, `Nature's Claim`, or `Ancient Grudge` flashback; do not fetch it when green is the missing color.
- Matchup / visibility hooks: Against aggro and burn, the 2 life payment needs a concrete spell payoff.
- Low-skill guidance: Use `Steam Vents` for `Otherworldly Gaze` starts or red spell access, not for green sideboard plans.

#### Mountain
- Deck role: Main deck, 1 copy, strategically important basic mana resource.
- Role type: mana/fixing/ramp.
- Deck-specific job: Provide painless, fetchable red for `Cathartic Reunion`, `Conflagrate`, `Ancient Grudge`, and `Lightning Axe` while reducing reliance on shock-land life payments.
- Timing: Fetch with `Bloodstained Mire` when red is enough and green or blue is not needed immediately; draw/play it early when the hand already has `Otherworldly Gaze` or `Life from the Loam` covered by other lands.
- Inputs / outputs: Basic Land — Mountain with `{T}: Add {R}`; entering the battlefield can trigger `Bloodghast`.
- Partners / packages: `Bloodstained Mire` can search it; `Life from the Loam` can return it from graveyard; `Conflagrate` needs red mana and can use extra lands in hand for flashback discard.
- Role peers: `Stomping Ground` and `Steam Vents` are fetchable Mountain shock lands with extra colors; `Mountain` is the painless basic.
- Failure modes: Does not cast `Otherworldly Gaze`, `Life from the Loam`, `Nature's Claim`, or `Ancient Grudge` flashback by itself.
- Matchup / visibility hooks: Stronger against burn, aggressive decks, and nonbasic pressure when red alone is sufficient.
- Low-skill guidance: Fetch `Mountain` when you only need red and life total matters.

#### Nature's Claim
- Deck role: Sideboard, 3 copies, core anti-hate bullet.
- Role type: interaction-removal; sideboard bullet; hate piece.
- Deck-specific job: Destroy a target artifact or enchantment that blocks `Stinkweed Imp`, `Golgari Thug`, `Life from the Loam`, `Bloodghast`, `Prized Amalgam`, `Creeping Chill`, `Ox of Agonas`, or `Conflagrate` from functioning.
- Timing: Hold for a real hate permanent unless using it now unlocks an engine turn; giving that permanent's controller 4 life matters when `Creeping Chill` and `Conflagrate` are setting up lethal.
- Inputs / outputs: Costs `{G}` at instant speed; destroys target artifact or enchantment; that permanent's controller gains 4 life.
- Partners / packages: `Copperline Gorge`, `Stomping Ground`, and `Boseiju, Who Endures` provide green; `Bloodstained Mire` can find `Stomping Ground`; `Thoughtseize` can remove hate before it resolves.
- Role peers: `Ancient Grudge` destroys artifacts only and has flashback `{G}`; `Boseiju, Who Endures` channels against artifact, enchantment, or nonbasic land an opponent controls; `Blast Zone` can destroy same-mana-value nonland permanents.
- Failure modes: Do not target a harmless artifact or enchantment while a stronger hate card is likely; do not forget the 4 life can move the opponent out of `Conflagrate` range.
- Matchup / visibility hooks: Bring in against artifact or enchantment graveyard hate, lock pieces, and race-defining permanents.
- Low-skill guidance: Use `Nature's Claim` on the permanent stopping your graveyard plan, not on the first legal target.

#### Thoughtseize
- Deck role: Sideboard, 3 copies, disruption bullet with mana-base risk.
- Role type: interaction-discard; sideboard bullet.
- Deck-specific job: Proactively remove a nonland card from the opponent's hand that would stop `Cathartic Reunion`, exile the graveyard, win before dredge pressure, or answer the first recursive wave.
- Timing: Cast before committing a fragile setup turn if legal black mana exists; avoid against burn or fast damage unless the chosen card prevents more than 2 life worth of damage or disruption.
- Inputs / outputs: Costs `{B}` as a sorcery; target player reveals their hand, you choose a nonland card from it, that player discards that card, and you lose 2 life.
- Partners / packages: Protects `Cathartic Reunion`, `Otherworldly Gaze`, `Life from the Loam`, `Ox of Agonas`, and `Conflagrate` turns by removing exact visible disruption; pairs with `Nature's Claim` when both hand and battlefield hate matter.
- Role peers: No direct main-deck discard peer; closest role overlap is `Nature's Claim`, `Ancient Grudge`, `Boseiju, Who Endures`, and `Blast Zone` answering resolved hate instead of cards in hand.
- Failure modes: The registered main mana base has no listed black-producing land, so do not assume it is castable unless the rules engine exposes legal black payment.
- Matchup / visibility hooks: Best against combo, control, and known hate; risky against burn and creature decks where 2 life is a real cost.
- Low-skill guidance: Cast `Thoughtseize` only when black payment is legal and you can take a card that matters to the next two turns.

#### Ancient Grudge
- Deck role: Sideboard, 2 copies, artifact-hate bullet.
- Role type: interaction-removal; sideboard bullet; modal utility.
- Deck-specific job: Answer artifact graveyard hate, artifact creatures, artifact mana, or artifact engines while offering a second artifact answer from the graveyard.
- Timing: Cast the front side for `{1}{R}` when a target artifact matters now; flash back for `{G}` when green mana is available and a second artifact target is worth exiling `Ancient Grudge` afterward.
- Inputs / outputs: Destroys target artifact; flashback `{G}` lets you cast it from graveyard, then exile it.
- Mode map: Hand-cast `Ancient Grudge` is a red instant artifact answer; flashback `Ancient Grudge` is a green graveyard-cast artifact answer; neither mode can destroy a nonartifact enchantment.
- Partners / packages: `Copperline Gorge` and `Stomping Ground` can pay both red and green across turns; `Spirebluff Canal`, `Steam Vents`, and `Mountain` pay front side red only; `Nature's Claim` covers artifact or enchantment targets.
- Role peers: `Nature's Claim` hits artifacts and enchantments but gives 4 life; `Boseiju, Who Endures` hits artifact, enchantment, or nonbasic land an opponent controls; `Blast Zone` handles mana-value clusters.
- Failure modes: Do not board it as enchantment hate unless the enchantment is also an artifact; do not mill it expecting flashback if green mana is unavailable.
- Matchup / visibility hooks: High value against artifact graveyard hate and artifact-heavy decks.
- Low-skill guidance: Use `Ancient Grudge` only on artifacts; save the flashback for a second artifact that matters.

#### Lightning Axe
- Deck role: Sideboard, 2 copies, creature-removal and discard-outlet bullet.
- Role type: interaction-removal; discard outlet; sideboard bullet.
- Deck-specific job: Kill a target creature with 5 damage while turning a discard cost into upside by pitching `Stinkweed Imp`, `Golgari Thug`, `Life from the Loam`, `Bloodghast`, `Prized Amalgam`, `Silversmote Ghoul`, `Creeping Chill`, or `Ox of Agonas`.
- Timing: Use when the creature threatens lethal, blocks a decisive attack, enables the opponent's combo, or invalidates the dredge race; avoid spending it on low-impact creatures while the engine is not set up.
- Inputs / outputs: Costs `{R}` at instant speed; as an additional cost, discard a card or pay `{5}`; deals 5 damage to target creature.
- Partners / packages: `Copperline Gorge`, `Spirebluff Canal`, `Stomping Ground`, `Steam Vents`, and `Mountain` provide red; discarded dredgers set up later draw replacements; discarded `Bloodghast` or `Prized Amalgam` can become pressure.
- Role peers: `Darkblast` handles one-toughness creatures with dredge; `Conflagrate` can divide scalable damage; `Lightning Axe` is the registered large-creature answer.
- Failure modes: Do not aim it at players, planeswalkers, artifacts, or enchantments; do not discard the only anti-hate card if the creature is not urgent.
- Matchup / visibility hooks: Bring in against large attackers, fast creature-combo threats, or single-threat decks.
- Low-skill guidance: If you cast `Lightning Axe`, discard a dredger or graveyard payoff when legal unless preserving that card is clearly necessary.

#### Leyline of the Void
- Deck role: Sideboard, 2 copies, graveyard-hate bullet.
- Role type: hate piece; sideboard bullet.
- Deck-specific job: Stop opposing graveyard engines by replacing any card that would go to an opponent's graveyard from anywhere with exile instead.
- Timing: Best in opening hand because you may begin the game with it on the battlefield; later casting for `{2}{B}{B}` is unreliable with this registered mana base unless legal black payment is exposed.
- Inputs / outputs: Opening-hand special action can put it directly onto the battlefield; its replacement effect exiles opponent cards that would go to graveyard from anywhere.
- Partners / packages: `Thoughtseize` can remove an opposing answer or enabler; `Lightning Axe` can answer creatures that still matter through graveyard denial.
- Role peers: No direct main-deck graveyard-hate peer; closest role overlap is `Thoughtseize` disrupting graveyard enablers before they happen.
- Failure modes: Do not keep a nonfunctional hand solely because a later-drawn `Leyline of the Void` might matter; it does not stop a spell already cast after costs are paid.
- Matchup / visibility hooks: Bring in against opposing Dredge, reanimation, escape, flashback, delve, or other graveyard-dependent decks when the hate effect is worth the slot.
- Low-skill guidance: Put it onto the battlefield from opening hand when offered against a graveyard deck; do not assume you can cast it later.

#### Blast Zone
- Deck role: Sideboard, 1 copy, utility land interaction bullet.
- Role type: interaction-sweeper; sideboard bullet; mana/fixing/ramp.
- Deck-specific job: Provide a slow land-based answer to clusters of nonland permanents with the same mana value, especially hate permanents that `Nature's Claim`, `Ancient Grudge`, or `Boseiju, Who Endures` cannot conveniently answer.
- Timing: Play when colorless mana or delayed interaction is acceptable; avoid as an early land if it prevents `Otherworldly Gaze`, `Cathartic Reunion`, `Life from the Loam`, or `Nature's Claim`.
- Inputs / outputs: Enters with a charge counter; taps for `{C}`; `{X}{X}, {T}` adds X charge counters; `{3}, {T}, sacrifice it` destroys each nonland permanent with mana value equal to its charge counters.
- Mode map: Mana ability supplies colorless mana; charge-counter activation changes the eventual mana-value target; sacrifice activation is the actual sweeper and can hit your own `Narcomoeba`, `Bloodghast`, `Prized Amalgam`, `Leyline of the Void`, or other registered permanents if their mana value matches.
- Partners / packages: `Life from the Loam` can return `Blast Zone`; `Nature's Claim`, `Ancient Grudge`, and `Boseiju, Who Endures` are faster targeted alternatives.
- Role peers: `Boseiju, Who Endures` is a one-card channel answer; `Nature's Claim` and `Ancient Grudge` are cheaper but narrower by target class.
- Failure modes: Do not call it colored mana; do not activate without checking collateral damage to your board.
- Matchup / visibility hooks: Good against clustered low-mana-value permanents and some hate pieces; slow against fast combo or immediate lethal pressure.
- Low-skill guidance: Use `Blast Zone` as delayed interaction, not as your only early mana source for colored spells.

#### Boseiju, Who Endures
- Deck role: Sideboard, 1 copy, utility green land and channel interaction bullet.
- Role type: mana/fixing/ramp; interaction-removal; sideboard bullet; modal utility.
- Deck-specific job: Either provide green mana for `Life from the Loam`, `Nature's Claim`, and `Ancient Grudge` flashback, or channel from hand to destroy a target artifact, enchantment, or nonbasic land an opponent controls.
- Timing: Play as a land when green mana is required and interaction is less important; hold for channel when an opposing artifact, enchantment, or nonbasic land is stopping the graveyard engine or creating a losing board state.
- Inputs / outputs: As a legendary land, taps for `{G}`; channel costs `{1}{G}` and discards `Boseiju, Who Endures` to destroy target artifact, enchantment, or nonbasic land an opponent controls. That player may search for a land card with a basic land type, put it onto the battlefield, then shuffle. The channel ability costs `{1}` less for each legendary creature you control; this deck has no registered legendary creature.
- Mode map: Land mode is green mana and landfall for `Bloodghast`; channel mode is uncountered-by-normal-spell interaction from hand that consumes the land card and may give the opponent a land.
- Partners / packages: `Life from the Loam` can return it after channel or milling; `Nature's Claim` covers artifacts/enchantments; `Ancient Grudge` covers artifacts; `Blast Zone` covers mana-value clusters.
- Role peers: `Nature's Claim` is cheaper but gives 4 life; `Ancient Grudge` has artifact-only flashback; `Blast Zone` is slower and broader by mana value.
- Failure modes: Do not count it as red, blue, or black mana; do not channel it at a basic land or a permanent outside artifact, enchantment, or nonbasic land.
- Matchup / visibility hooks: Bring in against graveyard-hate artifacts/enchantments, key nonbasic lands, or permanent engines where giving the opponent a basic-type land is acceptable.
- Low-skill guidance: If you need green now, play it; if a legal artifact, enchantment, or nonbasic land is stopping Dredge, consider channel instead.

## Interaction Priorities

- Priority: answer visible graveyard hate before spending premium engine turns, using Nature's Claim, Ancient Grudge, Boseiju, Who Endures, or Blast Zone only when the rules engine exposes a legal target/action and the hate piece actually constrains dredge, graveyard triggers, Life from the Loam, Bloodghast, Prized Amalgam, Silversmote Ghoul, Ox of Agonas, Conflagrate, or Creeping Chill. Do not fire interaction at generic artifacts or enchantments when the graveyard engine is already operating through them.

- Priority: use Thoughtseize after sideboard to clear a revealed hate card, combo piece, or stack interaction before a major Cathartic Reunion, Ox of Agonas, or Conflagrate commitment. If the opponent's revealed hand contains no card that changes the next engine turn or survival window, preserve mana and life instead of treating Thoughtseize as mandatory disruption.

- Priority: use Lightning Axe on creatures that stop survival, invalidate attacks, or threaten to end the game before dredge triggers stabilize. Its discard/payment text must come from legal action output; when a discard choice is required or offered, prefer moving Stinkweed Imp, Golgari Thug, Life from the Loam, Bloodghast, Prized Amalgam, Silversmote Ghoul, Ox of Agonas, or Conflagrate to the graveyard only when that exact choice is legal and the resulting graveyard role matters.

- Priority: use Darkblast for small legal creature targets when the kill opens attacks, prevents a meaningful damage race, or adds repeatable dredge velocity. Do not spend a draw step repeatedly dredging Darkblast over Stinkweed Imp, Golgari Thug, or Life from the Loam when the target is low-impact and the deck needs volume.

- Priority: use Conflagrate as a finishing or stabilizing resource, not as casual chip damage. Flashback should convert extra lands, redundant dredgers, and stranded cards into lethal damage, planeswalker pressure, or critical creature removal only when the legal target set and payment choices are visible; avoid nonlethal face damage that empties the hand needed for a later kill.

- Priority: let Creeping Chill resolve as free reach and life-buffer when milled; do not make lines that require drawing or casting it unless the rules engine explicitly offers such a legal action and no graveyard plan is available. Creeping Chill changes races most when it stacks with Bloodghast, Prized Amalgam, Narcomoeba, and Silversmote Ghoul pressure.

- Bait: expose lower-value setup before the turn that must resolve, especially Otherworldly Gaze, Life from the Loam, or a smaller dredge action, when doing so can draw out interaction before Cathartic Reunion, Ox of Agonas, or Conflagrate. Do not bait with the only discard outlet, only green source, only red source, or only graveyard-hate answer.

- Ignore: do not remove creatures that are irrelevant to lethal math, blocking, graveyard hate, or a combo clock. Dredge wins by resource asymmetry; spending Nature's Claim, Ancient Grudge, Lightning Axe, Darkblast, or Conflagrate on low-impact targets often gives up the graveyard engine's inevitability.

- Exile plan: Leyline of the Void is for opposing graveyard engines when the pregame or cast action is legal; it does not answer a spell already cast from a graveyard after costs are paid. Preserve the distinction between preventing future graveyard use and interacting with something already on the stack.

- Counter/bounce plan: this registered list has no counterspell or bounce card. If a counter or bounce action appears through an outside effect, treat it as a rules-engine-provided exception and reason from the visible legal action text, not from the deck plan.

- Archetype shift: against fast creature decks, prioritize Lightning Axe, Darkblast, Creeping Chill life swings, and blocking math over maximum dredge greed. Against slower interactive decks, prioritize resilient sequencing, baiting, Life from the Loam resource loops, and holding Conflagrate until it represents a decisive board clear or kill. Against graveyard mirrors or graveyard-reliant decks, Leyline of the Void changes the plan from pure speed to protected asymmetry.

## Combat And Trading Rules

- Attack first with recursive bodies when trades are acceptable: Bloodghast, Narcomoeba, Prized Amalgam, and Silversmote Ghoul are pressure pieces that can often be worth more attacking than blocking. Prefer attacks that maintain a recurring clock while keeping enough life buffer from Creeping Chill and Silversmote Ghoul returns to survive the crackback.

- Preserve Stinkweed Imp when its deathtouch-style combat role or dredge value matters; trade it only when the blocker/attacker meaningfully changes survival or opens the graveyard engine. If the deck needs dredge volume next draw step, avoid chump attacks or blocks that remove Stinkweed Imp from the zone where its replacement effect can be used, unless the legal game state makes the trade necessary.

- Treat Golgari Thug primarily as dredge infrastructure and secondary board material. Do not trade it away just to exchange with a small creature when the next draw replacement is more valuable, but accept a trade if it protects life total, enables graveyard recursion choices, or buys the turn needed for Bloodghast, Prized Amalgam, Silversmote Ghoul, or Creeping Chill to swing the race.

- Use Bloodghast as a recurring attacker, not a default blocker. Sequence Bloodstained Mire and other land drops so Bloodghast can return after being milled or traded, and avoid sacrificing a fetch land before Bloodghast reaches the graveyard unless immediate mana or color access is required.

- Use Prized Amalgam as the main battlefield snowball after Narcomoeba, Bloodghast, or Silversmote Ghoul creates the return condition. Attack with Prized Amalgam when the opponent cannot profitably race; hold it back only when blocking prevents lethal or protects a higher-value follow-up turn.

- Use Silversmote Ghoul as pressure and recovery only when its life-gain condition and timing are actually satisfied by visible game events such as Creeping Chill or other legal life-gain outcomes. Do not assume it returns from the graveyard without the required trigger/window.

- Do not overvalue Narcomoeba as a standalone creature. Its best combat job is enabling Prized Amalgam and adding evasive chip pressure; trade it defensively when survival matters, but avoid losing it for negligible damage if it is the only return trigger path for Prized Amalgam this turn.

- Life total thresholds matter more than normal because fetch lands, shock lands, Thoughtseize, and opponent pressure can shrink the Creeping Chill buffer. Pay life for Stomping Ground or Steam Vents only when the immediate spell or interaction window changes the game, and respect spots where blocking with a recursive creature is better than preserving every attacker.

- Against creature races, block to preserve the turn cycle where dredge triggers and Creeping Chill can reverse the race. Against control or combo, attack aggressively with recursive bodies and avoid unnecessary blocks unless the opponent's battlefield clock is visibly lethal. Against graveyard hate decks, combat is secondary until the hate permanent is answered or a non-graveyard pressure line is already on board.

- Protection is resource-based, not spell-based: this list does not contain registered commander protection, hexproof, indestructible, or counter backup. Protect the engine by sequencing threats across zones, keeping landfall available for Bloodghast, preserving interaction for hate, and not committing all discard outlets or all Conflagrate fuel into one fragile window.

## Selection And Tutor Rules

- Select for graveyard velocity first when the hand already has mana and a discard outlet. Otherworldly Gaze should put dredgers, Bloodghast, Narcomoeba, Prized Amalgam, Creeping Chill, and excess recursive material into the graveyard while keeping only cards that immediately unlock mana, Cathartic Reunion, Life from the Loam, interaction, or a lethal Conflagrate line.

- Treat Otherworldly Gaze as pseudo-selection, not card advantage. It looks at the top three cards, moves any number to the graveyard, and leaves the rest on top in an order; keep a top card only when the next draw should actually be a natural draw or when no dredge card is available to replace that draw.

- Choose dredge replacement effects by role, not by habit. Prefer Stinkweed Imp when maximum milling is needed, Golgari Thug when a smaller dredge plus creature recursion texture matters, Life from the Loam when land drops, Bloodghast triggers, Conflagrate fuel, or future mana are needed, and Darkblast when repeated small-creature control is more important than raw graveyard volume.

- Do not replace every draw automatically when hand resources are missing. Take a natural draw when the deck needs a land, Cathartic Reunion, Otherworldly Gaze, Nature's Claim, Thoughtseize, Lightning Axe, Ancient Grudge, or another specific castable card more than it needs additional graveyard volume.

- Sequence Cathartic Reunion after deciding whether the discarded cards are acceptable costs. Discard dredgers, Bloodghast, Prized Amalgam, Creeping Chill, redundant lands, or flashback/escape resources; avoid discarding the only red source, only blue source, only green source, only answer to visible graveyard hate, or only payoff unless the legal line still functions if Cathartic Reunion is countered.

- Use Life from the Loam as targeted land recursion, not a generic tutor. Return exact visible land cards from the graveyard when they produce needed colors, replay Bloodstained Mire for Bloodghast landfall, rebuild after discard, or stock Conflagrate flashback; do not claim it finds lands from the library.

- Time Bloodstained Mire around Bloodghast and color needs. If Bloodghast is already in the graveyard or likely to enter it before the next land drop, hold Bloodstained Mire when possible so the land entry and later sacrificed fetch land can create multiple landfall windows; sacrifice it immediately only when mana, color fixing, or life-total math demands it.

- Map Bloodstained Mire searches to this registered list only. It can find Stomping Ground, Steam Vents, or Mountain from the deck as legal Mountain-type targets; do not plan for unregistered Swamp, Blood Crypt, basic Forest, or basic Island access.

- Bottom or mill stranded cast-only cards when graveyard access is better. Creeping Chill is strongest when milled, Narcomoeba matters when milled, Prized Amalgam and Bloodghast prefer graveyard setup, and Ox of Agonas often wants a stocked graveyard before escape; keep them on top only when the hand or board makes casting/holding them materially better.

- Preserve Conflagrate math before selecting draw replacements. If flashback lethal or a board clear is near, Life from the Loam for lands and natural draws that increase hand size may matter more than another large dredge.

## Priority And Stack Rules

- Use instant-speed Otherworldly Gaze at the opponent's end step unless an immediate graveyard trigger, blocker, or draw-step setup is required. Casting it before the draw step can set up a known top card or graveyard dredger, but do not spend blue mana before seeing whether the opponent commits graveyard hate or lethal pressure.

- Resolve dredge choices as replacement decisions tied to actual draws. Cathartic Reunion and Ox of Agonas can create multiple draw events, but each replacement choice must follow the rules engine prompt; do not assume every draw becomes the same dredge card if the prompt ordering or available graveyard cards changes.

- Let Narcomoeba and Creeping Chill triggers resolve when milled unless the engine presents a legal optional choice with a clear reason to decline. Narcomoeba enables Prized Amalgam, Creeping Chill creates reach and life gain, and both are central to the deck's non-mana pressure plan.

- Track Prized Amalgam timing precisely. It returns only after the required creature-return condition is met and at the appropriate delayed-trigger window; do not attack, block, sacrifice, or count it as available before the rules engine places it onto the battlefield.

- Track Silversmote Ghoul timing from actual life gain. Creeping Chill can enable the required life-gain condition, but the return still depends on the visible trigger/window; do not assume Silversmote Ghoul appears immediately or without the engine offering the legal event.

- Hold priority-sensitive graveyard hate answers for hate that matters. Nature's Claim should answer a visible artifact or enchantment graveyard-hate permanent when legal; Ancient Grudge answers artifacts, including from the graveyard by flashback if the cost is payable; Boseiju, Who Endures and Blast Zone require their own visible activation windows and legal targets.

- Use Thoughtseize before committing a fragile graveyard turn when the matchup or visible hand information suggests interaction. Thoughtseize costs life and is not a graveyard engine card, so avoid firing it after the opponent's relevant spell has already resolved unless removing a future hate piece or combo card changes the next turn.

- Use Lightning Axe and Darkblast at the window that changes combat or survival. Lightning Axe requires its additional discard or alternate payment as shown by legal actions; Darkblast can be cast and later dredged, so value repeated use against small creatures over one-shot damage when the matchup is about battlefield containment.

- Flash back Conflagrate only with exact visible damage, discard, and target math. It is a decisive stack action for lethal, planeswalker removal, or a needed board clear; avoid passing through a nonlethal flashback line that discards the lands or spells needed for a larger Life from the Loam turn.

- Escape Ox of Agonas only after checking graveyard fuel and replacement order. Exiling eight other cards can remove Bloodghast, Prized Amalgam, Creeping Chill, flashback cards, or dredgers that the current plan still needs, so commit only when the hand reset or body is worth that graveyard cost.

- Respond to graveyard hate before it resolves when the legal answer exists. Once an effect has exiled the graveyard, later Nature's Claim, Ancient Grudge, or Boseiju, Who Endures may remove the source but will not undo the completed exile unless the rules engine shows a specific effect saying otherwise.

## Sideboard Map

- Role rule: keep the graveyard engine dense unless a visible hate card, faster combo clock, or creature battlefield forces interaction. This deck wins by replacing draws with dredge, recurring Bloodghast, Narcomoeba, Prized Amalgam, and Silversmote Ghoul, and converting stocked graveyards into Creeping Chill, Conflagrate, and Ox of Agonas turns; sideboard cards are tools to clear barriers, not a reason to become a fair midrange deck.

- Nature's Claim comes in against artifact or enchantment hate that prevents graveyard access, shuts off graveyard triggers, or races through a permanent engine. It is best when the opponent presents visible noncreature permanents the deck must answer before a Cathartic Reunion, Otherworldly Gaze, or dredge chain. It is weak against creature-only pressure, spell-based combo, and matchups where giving the opponent 4 life changes Conflagrate or Creeping Chill lethal math.

- Thoughtseize comes in when the opponent's best cards are stack interaction, graveyard hate, combo pieces, or sweepers that must be removed before committing a fragile dredge turn. Cast it before Cathartic Reunion when the hand can still function after spending one mana and 2 life. It is poor against very aggressive damage decks when the life loss materially shortens the race or when the opponent mostly topdecks redundant battlefield threats.

- Ancient Grudge comes in against artifact graveyard hate, artifact mana, artifact creatures, or artifact engines. Its first cast and flashback can create two answer windows, so value it when green and red mana are realistic from Copperline Gorge, Stomping Ground, Bloodstained Mire into Stomping Ground, or red sources plus future green. It is bad against enchantment hate, nonartifact creature pressure, and hands that cannot reasonably access green for flashback.

- Lightning Axe comes in when large creatures, fast creature-combo threats, or must-kill attackers decide survival. It also converts dredgers, Bloodghast, Prized Amalgam, Creeping Chill, or excess lands into a removal cost, so it can support the graveyard plan while answering the board. It is weak against decks with few creature targets, small recursive creatures where Darkblast is better, and hands where discarding the wrong card would collapse mana or engine access.

- Leyline of the Void comes in against opposing graveyard decks that are faster, more explosive, or better at using the graveyard than this deck can race. It is strongest in opening hands because it starts on the battlefield if present at game start. It is much worse when drawn later, and it does not help cast Cathartic Reunion, Life from the Loam, Conflagrate, or Ox of Agonas, so avoid overloading on it when the matchup is only lightly graveyard-adjacent.

- Darkblast comes in against decks built around small creatures, mana creatures, low-toughness utility creatures, and repeatable combat chip damage. Its dredge access means it can keep returning while fueling Narcomoeba, Prized Amalgam, Bloodghast, Creeping Chill, and Conflagrate. It is poor against large creatures, noncreature combo, and boards where one point of damage cannot change combat or survival.

- Blast Zone comes in as a slower, colorless answer to clustered cheap permanents, especially permanent hate that shares a mana value with other relevant targets. Treat it as a land-slot sideboard card with activation timing, charge-counter, and mana constraints; it is not a fast colored source and can slow Cathartic Reunion, Otherworldly Gaze, Nature's Claim, and Ancient Grudge turns. It is bad when the deck must race immediately or when its activation would also remove too many of this deck's relevant permanents.

- Boseiju, Who Endures comes in when the opponent relies on an artifact, enchantment, or nonbasic land that blocks the engine or creates a losing board state. Channeling it from hand is interaction that also preserves spell-density through dredge-heavy games, but it gives the opponent a land if the effect resolves as expected. It is weaker when the opponent's pressure is mostly creatures or spells on the stack, and it should not be counted as a red, blue, or black source.

Anti-Graveyard Hate Permanent Plan
Side in: 3 Nature's Claim; 2 Ancient Grudge; 1 Boseiju, Who Endures
Cut: 1 Darkblast; 1 Silversmote Ghoul; 1 Conflagrate; 1 Ox of Agonas; 2 Otherworldly Gaze

- Plan use: choose this plan against opponents expected to present artifact or enchantment hate that stops graveyard use or graveyard triggers. Nature's Claim handles artifact or enchantment hate, Ancient Grudge handles artifact hate with flashback pressure, and Boseiju, Who Endures gives an additional answer to artifact, enchantment, or nonbasic land problems. The reductions lower narrow creature removal and some slower payoff density while keeping all four Cathartic Reunion, all four Life from the Loam, and the main dredger core intact.

Creature Pressure Containment Plan
Side in: 2 Lightning Axe; 1 Darkblast; 1 Blast Zone
Cut: 1 Ox of Agonas; 1 Silversmote Ghoul; 1 Conflagrate; 1 Otherworldly Gaze

- Plan use: choose this plan against creature decks where survival before the recursive engine takes over is the main problem. Lightning Axe answers larger attackers while discarding engine cards, Darkblast controls repeated small threats, and Blast Zone can reset clusters of cheap permanents. Preserve Stinkweed Imp because it is both a dredger and a defensive creature; avoid reducing too many Bloodghast, Narcomoeba, or Prized Amalgam copies because those are the battlefield recovery engine.

Registered Spell Combo Or Fragile-Hate Plan
Side in: 3 Thoughtseize; 3 Nature's Claim
Cut: 1 Darkblast; 2 Silversmote Ghoul; 1 Conflagrate; 1 Ox of Agonas; 1 Otherworldly Gaze

- Plan use: choose this registered plan when the opponent has high-impact noncreature spells plus artifact or enchantment hate. Thoughtseize clears the path before a risky Cathartic Reunion or removes a combo piece, while Nature's Claim answers resolved permanent hate. The reductions come from slower payoff and narrow removal slots, not from the core dredge count.

Graveyard Mirror Plan
Side in: 2 Leyline of the Void; 3 Thoughtseize; 2 Lightning Axe
Cut: 1 Darkblast; 2 Conflagrate; 1 Ox of Agonas; 1 Silversmote Ghoul; 2 Otherworldly Gaze

- Plan use: choose this plan when the opponent also depends heavily on graveyard setup and the race can hinge on opening disruption. Leyline of the Void is high-impact from the opening hand, Thoughtseize can remove the opponent's enabler or answer, and Lightning Axe handles creatures that slip through. Do not keep weak hands only because Leyline of the Void appears later in the library; the deck still needs lands, discard outlets, and dredgers.

- Add role cards: against artifact-heavy decks, emphasize Ancient Grudge, Nature's Claim, and Boseiju, Who Endures by exact target class. Reduce main-deck emphasis: Darkblast against artifact permanents with no low-toughness creatures, and some slower Silversmote Ghoul or Ox of Agonas texture when graveyard hate must be answered immediately.

- Add role cards: against enchantment-based hate, emphasize Nature's Claim and Boseiju, Who Endures. Reduce main-deck emphasis: Ancient Grudge because it cannot answer nonartifact enchantments, plus narrow creature removal when creatures are not the pressure point.

- Add role cards: against fast creature battlefields, emphasize Lightning Axe, Darkblast, and Blast Zone. Reduce main-deck emphasis: the slowest graveyard payoffs when the first three turns are about staying alive, while keeping enough dredgers and discard outlets to rebuild.

- Add role cards: against spell-combo and control shells, emphasize Thoughtseize and only the permanent answers that match visible or expected hate. Reduce main-deck emphasis: Darkblast and excess creature-removal texture when the opponent's key decisions happen on the stack or in hand.

- Add role cards: against opposing graveyard engines, emphasize Leyline of the Void and Thoughtseize first, then Lightning Axe only if creature threats matter. Reduce main-deck emphasis: graveyard-costly or slow payoff cards when the game is decided before Ox of Agonas escape or large Conflagrate setup becomes realistic.

## Matchup Guidance

- Aggro: prioritize survival while keeping one engine path active. Keep hands with a land, a discard outlet such as Cathartic Reunion or Otherworldly Gaze, and a dredger such as Stinkweed Imp, Golgari Thug, Life from the Loam, or Darkblast; reject hands that only present slow graveyard payoffs with no way to start dredging. Creeping Chill, Bloodghast, Narcomoeba, Prized Amalgam, and Silversmote Ghoul are the stabilizing race package, so dredge replacement choices are usually better than natural draws once a dredger is in the graveyard. Add role cards: Lightning Axe, Darkblast, and Blast Zone when opposing creatures are the clock. Reduce main-deck emphasis: the slowest Ox of Agonas and Conflagrate texture when the first three turns are about not dying.

- Control: pressure life total from zones that tax one-for-one answers. Favor early graveyard setup over exposing single creatures from hand, because Bloodghast, Narcomoeba, Prized Amalgam, Creeping Chill, and Silversmote Ghoul make removal-heavy control answer recurring material instead of one permanent. Cathartic Reunion is high upside but risky into open interaction; use Thoughtseize post-board when the legal action can clear a counterspell or graveyard hate before committing. Life from the Loam plus Bloodstained Mire can keep landfall pressure flowing, and Conflagrate can convert large hands into a finishing line if the engine has already supplied enough resources. Add role cards: Thoughtseize, Nature's Claim, and Boseiju, Who Endures when control shows permanent hate. Reduce main-deck emphasis: Darkblast when there are no low-toughness targets.

- Combo: race only when the engine is already fast; otherwise disrupt the critical turn. Mulligan toward a real enabler plus dredger, because slow hands full of recursive threats but no graveyard access usually fail before Bloodghast or Prized Amalgam matter. Thoughtseize is the cleanest sideboard pressure on a spell-combo hand, while Nature's Claim or Boseiju, Who Endures matters only if the opponent's combo or anti-graveyard plan uses an artifact, enchantment, or nonbasic land target. Do not spend early turns casting low-impact creatures from hand unless the rules engine offers no credible graveyard setup. Add role cards: Thoughtseize, with Nature's Claim or Boseiju, Who Endures only against matching permanent classes. Reduce main-deck emphasis: Darkblast and other creature-only interaction unless the combo uses creatures that must be removed.

- Tempo: make them answer engines instead of isolated threats. Tempo decks often punish tapped-out Cathartic Reunion turns, so prefer sequencing that leaves the engine with redundancy: an Otherworldly Gaze setup, a dredger already in the graveyard, or Bloodghast landfall ready from a fetch land. Stinkweed Imp can be a meaningful defensive body when attacking is not required, but its dredge access is often more important than trading. Use Lightning Axe post-board only when a single creature is applying enough pressure to justify the discard and mana. Add role cards: Thoughtseize against stack-heavy tempo, Lightning Axe against creature-led tempo, and Nature's Claim only when visible permanent hate appears. Reduce main-deck emphasis: Conflagrate when hand size will stay small under pressure.

- Midrange: overload removal and discard with redundant graveyard threats. Bloodghast, Narcomoeba, Prized Amalgam, Silversmote Ghoul, Creeping Chill, and Ox of Agonas all matter because midrange usually wins by trading resources and then stabilizing with a board. Preserve dredgers in graveyard when possible; repeatedly replacing draws with Stinkweed Imp, Golgari Thug, or Life from the Loam can turn ordinary draw steps into multiple battlefield triggers. Conflagrate is valuable when the game stalls and hand resources accumulate, but do not fire it for low impact if the opponent still has a creature that must be answered later. Add role cards: Thoughtseize for key hate or payoff checks, Lightning Axe for large creatures, and Nature's Claim when artifact or enchantment hate is shown. Reduce main-deck emphasis: narrow Darkblast only when it has no targets.

- Big mana: race quickly and use disruption on the payoff turn or hate permanent. Slow recursive inevitability is less reliable because big mana can go over repeated Bloodghast and Prized Amalgam pressure. Favor hands with Cathartic Reunion or Otherworldly Gaze plus a dredger, and use Life from the Loam mainly to keep land drops and Bloodghast recursion moving rather than to play a long fair game. Thoughtseize should take the card that makes the opponent's next decisive turn possible when visible hand information permits. Boseiju, Who Endures and Nature's Claim matter only against legal artifact, enchantment, or nonbasic land targets offered by the game state. Add role cards: Thoughtseize and Boseiju, Who Endures when targets or hand pressure align. Reduce main-deck emphasis: Darkblast and Lightning Axe unless creature pressure is actually present.

- Graveyard decks: identify whether you are racing, disrupting, or both before replacing every draw with dredge. Leyline of the Void is strongest from the opening hand; later copies should not justify keeping nonfunctional hands. Thoughtseize can take an enabler or answer, while Lightning Axe is only for creature threats that survive graveyard disruption. Your own engine still needs a discard outlet and dredger, so do not over-sideboard into cards that do not advance Bloodghast, Narcomoeba, Prized Amalgam, Creeping Chill, Silversmote Ghoul, or Conflagrate. Add role cards: Leyline of the Void, Thoughtseize, and Lightning Axe only when creatures matter. Reduce main-deck emphasis: slow Ox of Agonas or excess Conflagrate setup when the mirror is decided before large graveyard-resource turns.

- Artifact/enchantment decks: answer hate before committing fragile graveyard resources when the permanent stops triggers or graveyard access. Nature's Claim handles artifact or enchantment permanents; Ancient Grudge handles artifacts and can provide repeated artifact interaction when its flashback is accessible; Boseiju, Who Endures can answer an artifact, enchantment, or nonbasic land from hand if the legal channel action is available. Do not claim Ancient Grudge answers enchantments that are not artifacts. Blast Zone can answer clustered permanents but is slow and can disrupt this deck's own mana curve. Add role cards: Nature's Claim, Ancient Grudge, Boseiju, Who Endures, and Blast Zone when mana value clustering matters. Reduce main-deck emphasis: Darkblast and some slower payoff density when permanent hate must be cleared immediately.

- Go-wide decks: value repeatable small-creature control and race swings. Darkblast is important when one damage changes attacks, blocks, or utility-creature survival; dredging it can keep feeding the graveyard while controlling repeated low-toughness threats. Blast Zone can reset groups of cheap permanents, but use it only when its counters, activation mana, and collateral damage are acceptable from the visible board. Creeping Chill and Silversmote Ghoul help recover life total while Narcomoeba, Bloodghast, and Prized Amalgam rebuild blockers or attackers. Add role cards: Darkblast, Lightning Axe for larger must-kill attackers, and Blast Zone. Reduce main-deck emphasis: slower Ox of Agonas when immediate board containment is required.

- Single-threat decks: answer the threat if it races the graveyard clock, otherwise ignore it and build lethal pressure. Lightning Axe is the cleanest sideboard card for a large creature while also discarding a dredger or payoff, but the discard cost must advance the engine or preserve survival. Stinkweed Imp can block some creature plans if cast legally, yet dredging Stinkweed Imp may be stronger when it produces multiple recursive triggers. Conflagrate can finish a damaged creature or player, but do not spend it into a low-impact exchange if the deck needs it as reach. Add role cards: Lightning Axe, Thoughtseize for protected threats, and Darkblast only for one-toughness or damage-relevant targets. Reduce main-deck emphasis: Blast Zone unless the threat's mana value and timing make it realistic.

- Burn: protect life total without losing the engine. Creeping Chill is one of the most important dredge hits, and Silversmote Ghoul can matter when life gain has occurred, so early dredge density often beats natural drawing unless a sideboard card is urgently needed. Nature's Claim can gain life by targeting one of your own legal artifact or enchantment permanents only if such a target exists; this registered main deck has no main-deck artifact or enchantment to assume. Thoughtseize costs life and should be used only when taking a card prevents more damage than it costs. Add role cards: Lightning Axe for creature pressure and Nature's Claim only when opposing artifact or enchantment targets are relevant. Reduce main-deck emphasis: Thoughtseize when the life payment is worse than the disruption.

- Removal-heavy decks: make removal inefficient by prioritizing recursive threats and graveyard draw engines. Bloodghast, Narcomoeba, Prized Amalgam, Silversmote Ghoul, and Ox of Agonas are better than single creature deployment because they force the opponent to answer graveyard movement, landfall, and repeated board returns. Life from the Loam helps recover lands for Bloodghast and Conflagrate, especially when Bloodstained Mire can create landfall at a useful time. Do not overvalue casting Narcomoeba or Bloodghast from hand when dredging can place multiple threats and Creeping Chill into the graveyard. Add role cards: Thoughtseize for exile effects or hate, Nature's Claim for artifact/enchantment hate, and Boseiju, Who Endures for matching permanent targets. Reduce main-deck emphasis: creature removal that does not answer the opponent's actual plan.

## Specific Matchup Notes

- General/archetype-only: revealed cards override assumptions. Treat these notes as matchup defaults until the opponent shows exact cards, then prioritize the legal object that stops the current Dredge engine: graveyard hate, faster lethal pressure, or stack/hand disruption on Cathartic Reunion, Otherworldly Gaze, Life from the Loam, Ox of Agonas, or Conflagrate.

- Against graveyard-hate decks: clear the hate before committing the engine if the permanent stops dredge payoffs or graveyard access. Add role cards: Nature's Claim for artifact or enchantment hate, Ancient Grudge for artifact hate, Boseiju, Who Endures for artifact, enchantment, or nonbasic land targets, and Thoughtseize when a key hate card or answer can be taken from hand. Priority targets are the visible hate permanent first, then the card that prevents the next Cathartic Reunion or Life from the Loam turn from functioning.

- Against fast creature decks: race with Creeping Chill and recursive bodies, but do not ignore a lethal attacker. Add role cards: Lightning Axe for large attackers, Darkblast for one-toughness creatures or combat math, and Blast Zone when visible mana-value clustering makes activation realistic. Priority targets are creatures that end the game before Bloodghast, Prized Amalgam, Narcomoeba, or Silversmote Ghoul can stabilize.

- Against burn or direct-damage pressure: preserve life while dredging toward Creeping Chill. Thoughtseize is risky because the life payment must prevent more damage than it costs. Nature's Claim is not a free life-gain plan in game one because the registered main deck has no artifact or enchantment to target; use it postboard only when a legal artifact or enchantment target exists.

- Against removal-heavy midrange: make removal inefficient by recurring threats rather than casting fragile bodies from hand. Bloodghast, Narcomoeba, Prized Amalgam, Silversmote Ghoul, Ox of Agonas, Life from the Loam, and Bloodstained Mire create repeated pressure that can outlast one-for-one removal. Thoughtseize should focus on exile effects, sweepers, or hate rather than ordinary creature removal when the visible hand supports that choice.

- Against big mana or combo: speed matters more than incremental value. Favor hands that start dredging early with Cathartic Reunion or Otherworldly Gaze plus Stinkweed Imp, Golgari Thug, Life from the Loam, or Darkblast. Add role cards: Thoughtseize for the payoff or enabler, Boseiju, Who Endures for relevant nonbasic land or permanent targets, and Nature's Claim only when artifact or enchantment targets are shown.

## Risk Summary

- Mana risk: Copperline Gorge and Spirebluff Canal support early red and blue starts, but the deck has only one Mountain and must fetch shock lands carefully with Bloodstained Mire. Do not assume black mana is available for hard-casting Stinkweed Imp, Golgari Thug, Bloodghast, Silversmote Ghoul, or Darkblast unless the actual land mix provides it.

- Matchup risk: graveyard hate can turn a functional hand into a slow pile. Sideboard answers must line up with the actual hate type: Nature's Claim for artifacts or enchantments, Ancient Grudge for artifacts, Boseiju, Who Endures for artifact, enchantment, or nonbasic land targets, and Thoughtseize before the permanent resolves.

- Draw risk: replacing draws with dredge is usually central, but not automatic. Natural draw matters when searching for Nature's Claim, Thoughtseize, Lightning Axe, a land, or a discard outlet is more urgent than filling the graveyard.

- Over-sideboarding risk: too many reactive cards reduce dredger, discard, and payoff density. Keep enough Stinkweed Imp, Golgari Thug, Cathartic Reunion, Otherworldly Gaze, Life from the Loam, Bloodghast, Narcomoeba, Prized Amalgam, Creeping Chill, Silversmote Ghoul, Ox of Agonas, and Conflagrate to actually win.

- Graveyard risk: Bloodghast, Narcomoeba, Prized Amalgam, Silversmote Ghoul, Creeping Chill, Life from the Loam, Ox of Agonas, and Conflagrate all depend on graveyard access or graveyard movement. If an effect changes that access, pause before dredging or escaping into a known failure.

- Sweeper/removal risk: sweepers are less punishing when landfall and end-step returns are held. Sequence Bloodstained Mire, Life from the Loam, and Bloodghast so a post-sweeper land drop can rebuild pressure.

- Closer risk: Conflagrate and Creeping Chill are reach, not disposable resources. Avoid spending Conflagrate into low-impact creature damage when the visible game points toward a hand-fueled lethal turn.

- Interaction risk: Lightning Axe and Cathartic Reunion require discards, so the discard must advance the engine or preserve survival. Do not discard the only relevant answer when the opponent's revealed plan requires it.

- Sequencing risk: Prized Amalgam returns on the next end step after the correct trigger condition, so plan landfall, Narcomoeba triggers, Bloodghast returns, and Ox of Agonas escape around end-step timing rather than assuming immediate attackers or blockers.

## Test Feedback Checklist

- Deciding factor: identify the first turn where the match became advantaged or lost. Was the swing caused by graveyard access, a failed Cathartic Reunion or Otherworldly Gaze setup, missed landfall for Bloodghast, delayed Prized Amalgam returns, opponent graveyard hate, or a race where Creeping Chill and Conflagrate reach mattered?

- Mulligans: record whether the kept hand had an engine card, a dredge card, and functional mana. Did hands without Stinkweed Imp, Golgari Thug, Life from the Loam, Darkblast, Cathartic Reunion, or Otherworldly Gaze still produce graveyard velocity, or did they become slow creature hands?

- Mana: verify whether Copperline Gorge, Spirebluff Canal, Bloodstained Mire, Stomping Ground, Steam Vents, and Mountain produced the colors required by the actual hand. Note every game where Bloodstained Mire needed a specific shock land, where one Mountain constrained later turns, or where sideboard cards strained the mana.

- Velocity: measure whether dredge replacement choices advanced the deck faster than natural draws. Flag turns where the pilot dredged while needing Nature's Claim, Thoughtseize, Lightning Axe, a land, or a specific interaction spell from the library.

- Engine execution: check whether Narcomoeba, Bloodghast, Prized Amalgam, Silversmote Ghoul, Creeping Chill, Ox of Agonas, Life from the Loam, and Conflagrate were used according to visible timing. Record missed end-step Prized Amalgam returns, missed Bloodghast landfall, incorrect dredge ordering, or escape decisions that consumed needed graveyard resources.

- Removal and interaction: ask whether Darkblast, Lightning Axe, Ancient Grudge, Nature's Claim, Boseiju, Who Endures, Blast Zone, and Thoughtseize answered the card that actually threatened the Dredge engine or lethal race. Flag interaction spent on low-impact targets while a graveyard hate permanent, lethal attacker, or combo piece remained visible.

- Sideboard performance: record each postboard card drawn, cast, discarded, dredged, or stranded. Did Nature's Claim line up with artifact or enchantment hate, Ancient Grudge with artifacts, Leyline of the Void with graveyard opponents, Thoughtseize with key hand disruption, Lightning Axe with creature pressure, Blast Zone with clustered mana values, and Boseiju, Who Endures with artifact, enchantment, or nonbasic land targets?

- Closing: identify whether the deck closed through attackers, Creeping Chill drains, Conflagrate, Ox of Agonas reloads, or repeated Bloodghast and Prized Amalgam pressure. Flag games where Conflagrate was spent early and later unavailable for lethal reach.

- Role accuracy: ask whether the pilot correctly chose beatdown, engine, control, or anti-hate posture after sideboarding. A game lost with reactive cards stranded may indicate overreacting; a game lost to a known hate card may indicate underreacting.

- Mistakes and stranded cards: list every card stuck in hand for more than two turns and why. Separate mana failures, missing discard outlets, graveyard shutdown, wrong dredge choices, and legal-action limitations from ordinary variance.

- Overperformers and underperformers: record which exact cards carried the match and which did not contribute. Pay special attention to Silversmote Ghoul, Ox of Agonas, Conflagrate, Darkblast, Life from the Loam, and the sideboard one-of lands.

## First Tuning Questions

- Dredger density: are 4 Stinkweed Imp, 4 Golgari Thug, 4 Life from the Loam, and 1 Darkblast enough to make opening engines consistent, or do games without early dredge sources fail too often?

- Discard outlet density: are 4 Cathartic Reunion and 4 Otherworldly Gaze enough to start the graveyard plan under interaction, or does the deck need more ways to place Stinkweed Imp, Golgari Thug, Life from the Loam, Darkblast, Bloodghast, Prized Amalgam, Creeping Chill, or Ox of Agonas into the graveyard?

- Mana structure: does the current Copperline Gorge, Spirebluff Canal, Bloodstained Mire, Stomping Ground, Steam Vents, and Mountain package cast red and blue setup spells while still supporting green Life from the Loam and postboard Nature's Claim or Boseiju, Who Endures?

- Black access: are hard-cast Stinkweed Imp, Golgari Thug, Bloodghast, Silversmote Ghoul, Darkblast, Thoughtseize, and Leyline of the Void realistically castable when drawn, or should the plan assume those cards mostly function through graveyard movement, opening-hand presence, or sideboard-specific matchups?

- Aggro plan: do Lightning Axe, Darkblast, Creeping Chill, Bloodghast, Narcomoeba, Prized Amalgam, and Silversmote Ghoul stabilize fast creature matchups, or is the deck losing before recursive pressure matters?

- Control plan: do Thoughtseize, Life from the Loam, Ox of Agonas, Bloodghast, Prized Amalgam, and Conflagrate provide enough resilience against removal, counters, and sweepers, or are key engines being stopped too easily?

- Graveyard-hate plan: are 3 Nature's Claim, 2 Ancient Grudge, 1 Boseiju, Who Endures, 1 Blast Zone, and 3 Thoughtseize the right anti-hate mix, or are specific permanent types still beating the deck after sideboarding?

- Closer balance: are 4 Creeping Chill, 2 Conflagrate, 2 Ox of Agonas, and recursive attackers enough to finish games, or does the deck often build a graveyard without converting it into lethal pressure?

- Role conflict: do sideboard cards reduce the density of dredge cards, discard outlets, and graveyard payoffs too much? Track whether postboard hands become fair interaction hands that cannot exploit Stinkweed Imp, Golgari Thug, Narcomoeba, Bloodghast, Prized Amalgam, and Creeping Chill.

- One-of utility slots: does main-deck Darkblast plus sideboard Darkblast matter often enough, and do Blast Zone and Boseiju, Who Endures justify sideboard space despite entering as lands rather than dredge engine pieces?

## Veles Tactical Policy

### Policy: Mulligan For Engine Access
Priority: High
Decision families: mulligan
Cards: Cathartic Reunion; Otherworldly Gaze; Stinkweed Imp; Golgari Thug; Life from the Loam; Darkblast
Phase windows: opening hand; pregame
Runtime cues: opening-hand review; mulligan choice
Use when: the hand has legal mana plus either a setup spell and dredge card, or Otherworldly Gaze with a dredger to stock the graveyard.
Avoid when: the hand is only recursive threats without a way to move cards into the graveyard, or cannot cast red or blue setup spells.
Instructions: prefer hands that start dredging by turn two over fair creature hands. Treat Cathartic Reunion plus dredger as premium, and treat Otherworldly Gaze plus dredger as keepable if mana works.
Pilot skill floor: Level 1
No-API allowed: no
Light-model allowed: yes

### Policy: Early Setup Spell Commitment
Priority: High
Decision families: selection; mana
Cards: Cathartic Reunion; Otherworldly Gaze; Stinkweed Imp; Golgari Thug; Life from the Loam; Darkblast
Phase windows: turn one through turn three main phase; end step for Otherworldly Gaze
Runtime cues: action:cast Cathartic Reunion; action:cast Otherworldly Gaze
Use when: a visible setup spell can place a dredger or recursive payoff into the graveyard and the mana source remains legal.
Avoid when: casting Cathartic Reunion would discard the only engine pieces into known stack interaction that can counter the spell, or when mana must remain for sideboard interaction against visible hate.
Instructions: start the graveyard plan before deploying slow fair bodies. Use Otherworldly Gaze at end step when no main-phase landfall, discard, or interaction reason requires earlier casting.
Pilot skill floor: Level 2
No-API allowed: no
Light-model allowed: yes

### Policy: Cathartic Reunion Discard Payload
Priority: Medium
Decision families: selection
Cards: Cathartic Reunion; Stinkweed Imp; Golgari Thug; Life from the Loam; Darkblast; Bloodghast; Prized Amalgam; Ox of Agonas; Creeping Chill
Phase windows: main phase while casting Cathartic Reunion
Runtime cues: action:discard Cathartic Reunion
Use when: the legal discard choice includes dredgers or graveyard payoffs and Cathartic Reunion is already selected to cast.
Avoid when: the discard choice would remove all lands from hand before a needed landfall turn, or would discard the only sideboard answer to a visible permanent hate card.
Instructions: discard at least one dredger when available. Add Bloodghast, Prized Amalgam, Ox of Agonas, or Creeping Chill over castable interaction unless that interaction answers a visible immediate threat.
Pilot skill floor: Level 2
No-API allowed: no
Light-model allowed: yes

### Policy: Dredge Replacement Ordering
Priority: High
Decision families: selection
Cards: Stinkweed Imp; Golgari Thug; Life from the Loam; Darkblast
Phase windows: draw step; draw effects; recurring draw prompts
Runtime cues: action:dredge Stinkweed Imp; action:dredge Golgari Thug; action:dredge Life from the Loam; action:dredge Darkblast
Use when: a legal draw-replacement prompt offers a registered dredge card in the graveyard.
Avoid when: the library is low enough that dredging risks losing before the next required draw, or when a specific non-graveyard sideboard card must be drawn to answer visible hate.
Instructions: prioritize Stinkweed Imp for maximum graveyard velocity, then Golgari Thug, then Life from the Loam when lands or landfall matter, then Darkblast when removal or repeat dredge is relevant.
Pilot skill floor: Level 2
No-API allowed: no
Light-model allowed: yes

### Policy: Deterministic Dredge Clickthrough After Selection
Priority: Medium
Decision families: selection
Cards: Stinkweed Imp; Golgari Thug; Life from the Loam; Darkblast
Phase windows: draw step; draw effects
Runtime cues: action:dredge
Use when: exactly one legal action contains a dredge replacement for the card already selected by policy or model, and no other draw-replacement action is present.
Avoid when: multiple dredge cards are legal, the prompt contains replacement-order choices, or the library-size warning is visible.
Instructions: choose the single visible dredge action and preserve fail-closed behavior if the legal action text is ambiguous.
Pilot skill floor: Level 1
No-API allowed: yes
Light-model allowed: yes

### Policy: Landfall Recursion Sequencing
Priority: High
Decision families: mana; priority
Cards: Bloodghast; Prized Amalgam; Life from the Loam; Bloodstained Mire; Copperline Gorge; Spirebluff Canal; Stomping Ground; Steam Vents; Mountain
Phase windows: main phase; land play; fetch activation
Runtime cues: action:play land; action:activate Bloodstained Mire
Use when: Bloodghast is in the graveyard and a land play or Bloodstained Mire activation can create landfall this turn.
Avoid when: holding the land is required to trigger Bloodghast after removal or to cast a sideboard answer next turn against visible hate.
Instructions: sequence landfall before combat when returning Bloodghast changes attacks or enables Prized Amalgam end-step return. Use Life from the Loam to reload lands when the graveyard engine needs repeated landfall.
Pilot skill floor: Level 2
No-API allowed: no
Light-model allowed: yes

### Policy: Prized Amalgam Return Awareness
Priority: Medium
Decision families: priority; combat
Cards: Narcomoeba; Bloodghast; Prized Amalgam; Silversmote Ghoul
Phase windows: end step; combat planning
Runtime cues: trigger:Prized Amalgam; action:return Prized Amalgam
Use when: Narcomoeba, Bloodghast, or another creature entering from graveyard/library creates a visible Prized Amalgam delayed return.
Avoid when: the rules engine does not expose the trigger or legal return action; do not invent a return.
Instructions: plan combat and blocks around Prized Amalgam returning tapped at the engine-provided time. Do not count it as an immediate blocker before the legal return resolves.
Pilot skill floor: Level 1
No-API allowed: no
Light-model allowed: yes

### Policy: Creeping Chill Trigger Handling
Priority: High
Decision families: priority
Cards: Creeping Chill; Silversmote Ghoul
Phase windows: graveyard movement; triggered ability resolution
Runtime cues: trigger:Creeping Chill; action:resolve Creeping Chill
Use when: the engine reports Creeping Chill moved from library to graveyard and exposes its trigger.
Avoid when: Creeping Chill is drawn, discarded from hand, or already in graveyard without a legal trigger.
Instructions: resolve legal Creeping Chill triggers because life swing advances the race and can enable Silversmote Ghoul return. Do not assume manual targeting or casting unless the engine exposes it.
Pilot skill floor: Level 1
No-API allowed: yes
Light-model allowed: yes

### Policy: Silversmote Ghoul Return Check
Priority: Medium
Decision families: priority
Cards: Silversmote Ghoul; Creeping Chill
Phase windows: end step after life gain
Runtime cues: trigger:Silversmote Ghoul; action:return Silversmote Ghoul
Use when: the engine exposes a legal Silversmote Ghoul return after the deck gained 3 or more life this turn.
Avoid when: no life-gain threshold is visible, or returning it would conflict with a mandatory engine prompt.
Instructions: return Silversmote Ghoul when legal. Treat Creeping Chill as the main deck-specific enabler and wait for the actual trigger instead of assuming the end-step action exists.
Pilot skill floor: Level 1
No-API allowed: yes
Light-model allowed: yes

### Policy: Ox Of Agonas Escape Gate
Priority: High
Decision families: selection; mana
Cards: Ox of Agonas; Stinkweed Imp; Golgari Thug; Life from the Loam; Bloodghast; Prized Amalgam; Conflagrate
Phase windows: main phase
Runtime cues: action:escape Ox of Agonas; action:cast Ox of Agonas
Use when: Ox of Agonas is legal from graveyard and hand quality or graveyard velocity is more important than preserving the exact graveyard cards visible for recursion.
Avoid when: escaping would exile the only dredger, remove needed Bloodghast or Prized Amalgam pressure, or spend mana needed for Nature's Claim, Ancient Grudge, Lightning Axe, or Thoughtseize against an immediate visible threat.
Instructions: use Ox of Agonas as a reload, not as a reflex. Preserve at least one dredge plan when possible.
Pilot skill floor: Level 3
No-API allowed: no
Light-model allowed: yes

### Policy: Conflagrate Lethal And Stabilization Gate
Priority: High
Decision families: interaction; selection
Cards: Conflagrate; Life from the Loam
Phase windows: main phase; flashback timing if legal
Runtime cues: action:cast Conflagrate; action:target Conflagrate
Use when: Conflagrate can produce lethal damage, remove a creature that prevents survival, or convert excess Life from the Loam lands into a decisive board swing.
Avoid when: spending hand size now leaves no closing line and the target is not pressuring life total, engine access, or survival.
Instructions: route damage allocation through light-model unless the engine exposes a single lethal target/action. Count visible life totals, prevention, and available discard resources.
Pilot skill floor: Level 3
No-API allowed: no
Light-model allowed: yes

### Policy: Darkblast Removal And Dredge Loop
Priority: Medium
Decision families: interaction; selection
Cards: Darkblast
Phase windows: upkeep; draw step replacement; combat; main phase
Runtime cues: action:cast Darkblast; action:dredge Darkblast
Use when: Darkblast can legally kill or shrink an opposing creature according to engine output, or can be dredged to maintain the engine.
Avoid when: casting it only marks damage without changing combat, survival, or a key creature, or when dredging it misses a required sideboard answer draw.
Instructions: use Darkblast as repeatable small-creature interaction and a low-volume dredger. Respect the engine's legal timing and continuous-effect output.
Pilot skill floor: Level 2
No-API allowed: no
Light-model allowed: yes

### Policy: Combat With Recursive Pressure
Priority: Medium
Decision families: combat
Cards: Narcomoeba; Bloodghast; Prized Amalgam; Silversmote Ghoul; Stinkweed Imp; Golgari Thug; Ox of Agonas
Phase windows: declare attackers; declare blockers
Runtime cues: action:attack; action:block
Use when: recursive creatures can pressure life totals without giving up the only blocker needed to survive the next visible attack.
Avoid when: attacking taps the only creature that prevents lethal, or blocking sacrifices the only engine creature while life total is not under pressure.
Instructions: attack aggressively with Bloodghast, Prized Amalgam, Narcomoeba, and Silversmote Ghoul when recursion or life race favors pressure. Use Stinkweed Imp defensively when its combat role matters.
Pilot skill floor: Level 2
No-API allowed: no
Light-model allowed: yes

### Policy: Graveyard Hate Permanent Response
Priority: High
Decision families: interaction; sideboard
Cards: Nature's Claim; Ancient Grudge; Boseiju, Who Endures; Blast Zone; Thoughtseize
Phase windows: precombat main phase; opponent end step; stack or priority windows when legal
Runtime cues: action:cast Nature's Claim; action:cast Ancient Grudge; action:channel Boseiju, Who Endures; action:activate Blast Zone; action:cast Thoughtseize
Use when: a visible artifact, enchantment, nonbasic land, or hand card threatens graveyard access and the registered answer legally applies.
Avoid when: the target type is not legal for the chosen card, or the answer should be saved for a visible higher-impact hate card.
Instructions: answer graveyard hate before committing more dredge resources. Use Thoughtseize proactively when a known hand-disruption window exists.
Pilot skill floor: Level 3
No-API allowed: no
Light-model allowed: yes

### Policy: Lightning Axe Creature Emergency
Priority: High
Decision families: interaction; selection
Cards: Lightning Axe; Stinkweed Imp; Golgari Thug; Life from the Loam; Bloodghast; Prized Amalgam
Phase windows: combat; main phase; priority windows
Runtime cues: action:cast Lightning Axe; action:discard Lightning Axe
Use when: Lightning Axe can legally remove a creature that threatens lethal, blocks the graveyard attack plan, or must die before combat.
Avoid when: discarding the only dredger or only anti-hate answer costs the game plan more than the creature matters.
Instructions: prefer discarding dredgers or graveyard payoffs to pay Lightning Axe when legal. Do not aim it at noncreature permanents.
Pilot skill floor: Level 2
No-API allowed: no
Light-model allowed: yes

### Policy: Sideboard Anti-Hate Configuration
Priority: High
Decision families: sideboard
Cards: Nature's Claim; Ancient Grudge; Boseiju, Who Endures; Blast Zone; Thoughtseize; Cathartic Reunion; Otherworldly Gaze; Silversmote Ghoul; Darkblast
Phase windows: sideboarding
Runtime cues: sideboard plan; opponent revealed graveyard hate; opponent archetype known
Use when: the opponent is likely to present artifact, enchantment, nonbasic land, or hand-based disruption against the graveyard.
Avoid when: adding answers removes too many setup spells, dredgers, or payoffs and creates a fair hand without a graveyard engine.
Instructions: add only answer cards matching expected hate. Lower emphasis on slower or matchup-weak main-deck cards before touching core dredgers and setup density.
Pilot skill floor: Level 3
No-API allowed: no
Light-model allowed: yes

### Policy: Leyline Mirror And Graveyard Opponent Plan
Priority: Medium
Decision families: pregame; sideboard
Cards: Leyline of the Void; Thoughtseize; Nature's Claim; Ancient Grudge
Phase windows: sideboarding; opening hand pregame
Runtime cues: action:begin with Leyline of the Void; opening hand contains Leyline of the Void
Use when: the opponent's deck visibly relies on graveyard cards and Leyline of the Void is in the opening hand after sideboarding.
Avoid when: Leyline of the Void is drawn later with no castable black mana or when the opponent is not graveyard-dependent.
Instructions: keep Leyline hands only when the remaining hand can still execute mana and engine development. Do not dilute Dredge into a hand that only contains hate.
Pilot skill floor: Level 2
No-API allowed: no
Light-model allowed: yes

### Policy: Mana Fetch And Shock Selection
Priority: Medium
Decision families: mana
Cards: Bloodstained Mire; Stomping Ground; Steam Vents; Mountain; Copperline Gorge; Spirebluff Canal; Boseiju, Who Endures; Blast Zone
Phase windows: land play; fetch activation; sideboard games
Runtime cues: action:activate Bloodstained Mire; action:play Copperline Gorge; action:play Spirebluff Canal; action:play Boseiju, Who Endures; action:play Blast Zone
Use when: choosing land sequencing for Cathartic Reunion, Otherworldly Gaze, Life from the Loam, Nature's Claim, Ancient Grudge, Lightning Axe, Thoughtseize, or Conflagrate.
Avoid when: a tapped or colorless land prevents a required same-turn setup or interaction spell.
Instructions: prioritize red and blue setup early, then green for Life from the Loam and Nature's Claim. Treat Blast Zone and Boseiju, Who Endures as utility lands with opportunity cost, not free color fixing.
Pilot skill floor: Level 2
No-API allowed: no
Light-model allowed: yes
