diff --git a/tests/unit/services/test_nextcloud_mail_models.py b/tests/unit/services/test_nextcloud_mail_models.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0e90eac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/unit/services/test_nextcloud_mail_models.py
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+from ariadne.services import nextcloud_mail_models as models
+
+
+def test_extract_attr_variants() -> None:
+    assert models._extract_attr("not-attrs", "mailu_email") == ""
+    assert models._extract_attr({"mailu_email": ["", "  "]}, "mailu_email") == ""
+    assert models._extract_attr({"mailu_email": " alice@bstein.dev "}, "mailu_email") == "alice@bstein.dev"
+
+
+def test_resolve_mailu_email_uses_matching_keycloak_email() -> None:
+    user = {"email": " Alice@BSTEIN.DEV ", "attributes": {}}
+
+    assert models._resolve_mailu_email("alice", user) == "Alice@BSTEIN.DEV"
+
+
+def test_parse_mail_export_skips_blank_lines() -> None:
+    output = """
+
+    Account 7:
+    - E-mail: alice@bstein.dev
+    """
+
+    assert models._parse_mail_export(output) == [("7", "alice@bstein.dev")]
+
+
+def test_display_name_joins_first_and_last() -> None:
+    assert models.display_name({"firstName": " Alice ", "lastName": " Atlas "}) == "Alice Atlas"